Chapter 3: Data and Business Intelligence

Question 1

Database

Answer 1

collection of related data stored in central or multiple locations. (Group of files)

Question 2

Data Hierarchy Components (3)

Answer 2

Data File
Record
Field

Question 3

Data File

Answer 3

Group of related records

Question 4

Records

Answer 4

row of data files and fields

Question 5

Field

Answer 5

column in data file

Question 6

Database Design: Physical View and example

Answer 6

one physical view to store and retrieve data etc CD, Tape, Disk

Question 7

Database Design: Logical View and 3 structures

Answer 7

The form of the data model and how data is presented to users
1. Hierarchical Model
2. Network Model
3. Relational Model

Question 8

Hierarchical Model

Answer 8

Distinct authority and sequence of data, order to look up files, add or delete lines

Question 9

Network Model

Answer 9

Different Path Sequences of data to look up files. Can change and edit

Question 10

Relational Model and contains a…

Answer 10

Data Files linked through keys etc spreadsheets
and contains a data dictionary

Question 11

Relational Model and contains a…

Answer 11

Data Files linked through keys etc spreadsheets
and contains a data dictionary

Question 12

Data Dictionary Components and description (3)

Answer 12

Field Name (attribute)
Field Data Type (type)
Validation (Rule)

Question 13

Primary Key

Answer 13

Unique identifier for each record

Question 14

Foreign Key

Answer 14

establishes relationships among multiple tasks, primary key appears in another table

Question 15

Normalization

Answer 15

eliminates redundant data, improves efficiency

Question 16

Why don’t we have one large table or large data file?

Answer 16

Smaller tables increase efficiency, relevancy and reduce redundancy

Question 17

Database Management Software

Answer 17

creating, storing, maintaining and accessing database files

Question 18

2 Methods to access data files

Answer 18

Sequential, Random, Indexing

Question 19

Sequential

Answer 19

Specific or numerical order

Question 20

Random

Answer 20

Any order, regardless of location

Question 21

Indexing

Answer 21

Access sequential or random, combination of both

Question 22

Database Management Software: Database Engine
responsibilities and tasks

Answer 22

responsible for data storage and manipulation, retrieval
tasks: converts logical requests from users into physical equivalents

Question 23

Database Management Software: Data Definition 3 tasks

Answer 23

create and maintain data dictionary
define structure of files
change fields

Question 24

Database Management Software: Data Manipulation
4 major functions and second component

Answer 24

add, delete, retrieve, modify
Query Language

Question 25

Query Language: what are they 4 major functions conditional words

Answer 25

Keywords that specify actions Inset, delete, select and update other: from, where, order, and, not, or, join (conditions)

Question 26

Query by example: Process

Answer 26

construct statement of query forms, graphical interface request data from database and comes in database table or formats using query language code

Question 27

Database Management Software: Application Generation

Answer 27

design elements of an application using a database

Question 28

Data entry:

Answer 28

interactive menus and interfaces with other programming languages

Question 29

Database Management Software: Data Administration (5 tasks)

Answer 29

Backup and recovery security change management design evaluation

Question 30

Object Oriented Databases: what is it? Attributes Methods

Answer 30

database similar to high level codes that represent real world entities Attributes: characteristics and qualities Methods: what they can do

Question 31

Encapsulation:

Answer 31

Group attributes and method of class to restrict modification

Question 32

Inheritance:

Answer 32

New class have same attributes and methods with modified specification

Question 33

Data Driven Website useful for (2)

Answer 33

interface to database, retrieval of data and enter data e-commerce and forums/discussions

Question 34

Distributed Databases - servers (3) - pros - cons

Answer 34

Data stored in multiple servers fragmentation, replication, allocations pros: faster queries, minimize cost and failures cons: less secure

Question 35

Data-warehouse and data comes from

Answer 35

collection of data support decision-making applications and generating business intelligence data comes from internal and external

Question 36

Data-warehouse process (ETL)

Answer 36

extraction - collect data Transformation - correct format to meet needs loading - transfer data to warehouse

Question 37

Online Analytical Processing (OLAP)

Answer 37

organize data, provide multidimensional analysis (cube)

Question 38

Data mining analysis

Answer 38

discover patterns and relations

Question 39

Information and reports for decision making (3)

Answer 39

cross reference, find patterns and trends, analyze historical data quickly

Question 40

Types of Data (3)

Answer 40

Raw: original form Summary: subtotals of categories Metadata: info etc content, quality, origin, condition

Question 41

Data Mart Advantage

Answer 41

Smaller version of data warehouse used by single department or function Advantage: access faster, easy to create, less expensive

Question 42

Data Lake

Answer 42

gathers and stores raw data in a central locations

Question 43

Big Data 5 V's and description

Answer 43

Velocity: process time and streams, data collection Value: probability, patterns, correlation Veracity: Quality of data or errors, validity and reliability Variety: Format and structure of data Volume: how much data, records, files

Question 44

Business Analytics Descriptive Predictive Prescriptive

Answer 44

data and statistical models to gain insight into the data what happened predict future or events prepare and how to prevent