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Flashcards in chapter 2: illuminating Standards and food Deck (20)
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1
Q

DRI (dietary reference intakes)

A

what supports food guides

reference values that are quantitative estimates of nutrient intakes

used for planning and assessing diets

2
Q

people dont worry about deficiency related diseases anymore

what do they worry about?

A

diet related diseases

cardiovascular and type 2 diabetes

3
Q

three DRI objectives?

A

prevent deficiency diseases

reduce risk of chronic diseases

safely supplement use and fortification

4
Q

the the DRI groups

A

Most nutrients:

  • Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)
  • Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)
  • Adequate Intake (AI)
  • Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)

Energy and Macronutrients:

  • estimated Energy Requirement (EER)

Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDR)

5
Q

how many life stages do males and females have?

A

males: 10
females: 16

6
Q

Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)

A

nutrient requirement that meets the needs of 50% of the population

based on a diagnostic test that can measure adequate amounts on the human body

a requirement, not a recommendation, so that 50% of population dont get a deficiency disease

7
Q
  • Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)
A

Gold standard in DRIs

the average daily nutrient intake levels that meets the needs of 98% of individuals in a particular life stage or gender group

we use a diagnostic test

8
Q

Adequate Intake (AI)

A

when we dont have a diagnostic tests

we need a guessing game

based on the intake levels of a healthy group of people in a particular life stage or gender group

exceeds EAR and lies somewhere near or above the RDA, but below the UL

9
Q

Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)

A

the highest level of usual daily intake likely to be safe

above is toxicity and death in worst cases

meant to avoid excesses

10
Q

Estimated Energy Requirement (EER)

A

deals with caloric intake

represents the number of calories that maintain energy balance in a healthy person

individualized estimate

11
Q

Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDR)

A

what proportion of energy intake should come from the main three macronutrients?

45 to 65% from carbs

20 to 35% from fats

10 to 35% from protein

reducing risks of diet related chronic diseases while still getting energy intake you need

12
Q

who uses DRIs?

A

registered dietitians

food industry (for when they do the nutrition facts table)

13
Q

Canadian major food groups

A

Grains

Milk and Alternatives

Meat and Alternatives

Fruit and Veggies

14
Q

Grains

A

a seed that contains a plant embryo (Germ)

Fibre-rich only when whole

often enriched or refined because they lost nutrients while turning it into bread par ex

15
Q

to what family do Grains belong to?

A

to the Grass family

16
Q

Milk and Alternatives

A

products that retain their content of mineral calcium

milk is food for mammals and is en evolutionary success as a food for mammals

mostly fat and protein

17
Q

Meat and Alternatives

A

meat, poultry, and fish

proteiiin

alternatives are legumes, eggs, nuts, and seeds

–> these are food from an embryo

18
Q

legume family

A

includes beans, peas, and lentils

these are embryos included in a pod

also includes peanut

do not include tree nuts

19
Q

Fruit and Veggies

A

most important food group

botanically, these are all fruits

20
Q

Canada’s food guide

A

simplifies our needed consumption of the big food groups

goes from what we should eat most to what we should eat less