Chapter 2 Nervous Systems Flashcards

(40 cards)

0
Q

Central nervous system

A

Brain and spinal cord

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1
Q

Gross neuroanatomy

A

Anatomical features of the nervous system that are apparent to the naked eye

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2
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

All nerves and neurons outside the brain/spinal cord

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3
Q

What are the 3 components of the PNS?

A

Cranial nerves, spinal nerves, autonomic nervous system

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4
Q

Cranial nerves

A

Connected directly to the brain

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5
Q

Spinal nerves

A

Connected at regular intervals to the spinal cord

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6
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

Nerves that connect to viscera (internal organs)

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7
Q

Nerves

A

Collections of axons bundled together

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8
Q

Motor nerves

A

Transmit info from cns to muscles and glands

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9
Q

Sensory nerves

A

Convey info from body to cns

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10
Q

How many pairs of cranial nerves in the PNS?

A

12

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11
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves in the PNS?

A

31

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12
Q

What are the 4 types of spinal nerves?

A
8 cervical (neck)
12 thoracic ( trunk) 
5 lumbar (lower back) 
5 sacral (pelvic) 
1 coccygeal (bottom)
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13
Q

What are the 2 parts of the autonomic nervous system?

A

Sympathetic and parasympathetic systems

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14
Q

Sympathetic nervous system

A

Parts of the autonomic nervous system. Arises from thoracic/lumbar spinal cord. Prepares body for immediate action. “Fight or flight”

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15
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system

A

Part of the autonomic nervous system. Arises from cranial/sacral regions. Helps body relax, recuperate, and prepare for future action.

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16
Q

Cerebral hemispheres

A

Halves of the forebrain

17
Q

Cerebral cortex

A

Outer covering of the hemispheres. Mostly nerve cell bodies and branches

18
Q

Gyrus

A

Ridged or raised portion of a convoluted brain surface.

19
Q

Sulcus

A

A crevice or valley between gyri on brain surface.

20
Q

What are the 4 cortical regions of the forebrain?

A

Frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes

21
Q

Sylvian fissure

A

Marked division of the temporal lobe

22
Q

Central sulcus

A

Distinct division of the frontal and parietal lobes

23
Q

Corpus callosum

A

Main band of axons that connect the 2 hemispheres

24
Post central gyrus
The strip of parietal cortex just behind the central sulcus that receives somatosensory (touch) info from the body
25
Pre central gyrus
Strip of frontal cortex just in front if the central sulcus that is crucial for motor control
26
What is the primary function if the occipital lobe?
Vision
27
What is the primary functions of the temporal lobe?
Auditory sense and memory
28
Gray matter
Sense with cell bodies and dendrites. Mostly receives and processes info
29
White matter
Lighter tissue below gray matter. Mostly myelin sheathed axons, transmits info
30
Which are the sensory only cranial nerves?
Olfactory, optic, vestibulocochlear
31
Which are the motor only functions of the cranial nerves?
Oculomotor, trochlear, abducens, spinal accessory, and hypoglossal
32
What is the sensory functions of the trigeminal cranial nerves?
Face, sinuses and teeth
33
What are the motor functions of the trigeminal cranial nerves?
Jaw muscles
34
What are the sensory functions of the facial cranial nerves?
Tongue and soft palate
35
What are the motor functions of the facial cranial nerves?
Facial muscles, salivary glands, tear ducts
36
What are the sensory functions if the glossopharyngeal cranial nerves?
Taste and other mouth sensations
37
What are the motor functions of the glossopharyngeal cranial nerves?
Throat muscles
38
What are the sensory functions of the vagus cranial nerves?
Info from internal organs
39
What are the motor functions of the vagus cranial nerves?
Internal organ control