Chapter 2 Nervous Systems

Question 0

Central nervous system

Answer 0

Brain and spinal cord

Question 1

Gross neuroanatomy

Answer 1

Anatomical features of the nervous system that are apparent to the naked eye

Question 2

Peripheral nervous system

Answer 2

All nerves and neurons outside the brain/spinal cord

Question 3

What are the 3 components of the PNS?

Answer 3

Cranial nerves, spinal nerves, autonomic nervous system

Question 4

Cranial nerves

Answer 4

Connected directly to the brain

Question 5

Spinal nerves

Answer 5

Connected at regular intervals to the spinal cord

Question 6

Autonomic nervous system

Answer 6

Nerves that connect to viscera (internal organs)

Question 7

Nerves

Answer 7

Collections of axons bundled together

Question 8

Motor nerves

Answer 8

Transmit info from cns to muscles and glands

Question 9

Sensory nerves

Answer 9

Convey info from body to cns

Question 10

How many pairs of cranial nerves in the PNS?

Answer 10

12

Question 11

How many pairs of spinal nerves in the PNS?

Answer 11

31

Question 12

What are the 4 types of spinal nerves?

Answer 12

8 cervical (neck)
12 thoracic ( trunk) 
5 lumbar (lower back) 
5 sacral (pelvic) 
1 coccygeal (bottom)

Question 13

What are the 2 parts of the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 13

Sympathetic and parasympathetic systems

Question 14

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer 14

Parts of the autonomic nervous system. Arises from thoracic/lumbar spinal cord. Prepares body for immediate action. “Fight or flight”

Question 15

Parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 15

Part of the autonomic nervous system. Arises from cranial/sacral regions. Helps body relax, recuperate, and prepare for future action.

Question 16

Cerebral hemispheres

Answer 16

Halves of the forebrain

Question 17

Cerebral cortex

Answer 17

Outer covering of the hemispheres. Mostly nerve cell bodies and branches

Question 18

Gyrus

Answer 18

Ridged or raised portion of a convoluted brain surface.

Question 19

Sulcus

Answer 19

A crevice or valley between gyri on brain surface.

Question 20

What are the 4 cortical regions of the forebrain?

Answer 20

Frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes

Question 21

Sylvian fissure

Answer 21

Marked division of the temporal lobe

Question 22

Central sulcus

Answer 22

Distinct division of the frontal and parietal lobes

Question 23

Corpus callosum

Answer 23

Main band of axons that connect the 2 hemispheres

Question 24

Post central gyrus

Answer 24

The strip of parietal cortex just behind the central sulcus that receives somatosensory (touch) info from the body

Question 25

Pre central gyrus

Answer 25

Strip of frontal cortex just in front if the central sulcus that is crucial for motor control

Question 26

What is the primary function if the occipital lobe?

Answer 26

Vision

Question 27

What is the primary functions of the temporal lobe?

Answer 27

Auditory sense and memory

Question 28

Gray matter

Answer 28

Sense with cell bodies and dendrites. Mostly receives and processes info

Question 29

White matter

Answer 29

Lighter tissue below gray matter. Mostly myelin sheathed axons, transmits info

Question 30

Which are the sensory only cranial nerves?

Answer 30

Olfactory, optic, vestibulocochlear

Question 31

Which are the motor only functions of the cranial nerves?

Answer 31

Oculomotor, trochlear, abducens, spinal accessory, and hypoglossal

Question 32

What is the sensory functions of the trigeminal cranial nerves?

Answer 32

Face, sinuses and teeth

Question 33

What are the motor functions of the trigeminal cranial nerves?

Answer 33

Jaw muscles

Question 34

What are the sensory functions of the facial cranial nerves?

Answer 34

Tongue and soft palate

Question 35

What are the motor functions of the facial cranial nerves?

Answer 35

Facial muscles, salivary glands, tear ducts

Question 36

What are the sensory functions if the glossopharyngeal cranial nerves?

Answer 36

Taste and other mouth sensations

Question 37

What are the motor functions of the glossopharyngeal cranial nerves?

Answer 37

Throat muscles

Question 38

What are the sensory functions of the vagus cranial nerves?

Answer 38

Info from internal organs

Question 39

What are the motor functions of the vagus cranial nerves?

Answer 39

Internal organ control