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Flashcards in Chapter 2 pt. 1 Deck (40)
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1
Q

What was the Northwest forest plan?

A

a federal plan to foster cooperation and resolve conflict among loggers, conservationsits, and local communities regarding management of federally owned forest land in Oregon & Washington

1993

2
Q

the attitude in which early Americans would always be enough resources

A

frontier attitude

3
Q

The 17th & 18th centuries were dominated by a _________ _________

A

frontier attitude

4
Q

frontier attitude resulted in widespread ____________ __________

A

environmental desctruction

5
Q

Who painted lifelike portraits of birds and other animals in their natural surroundings?

A

John James Audubon

6
Q

John James Audubon’s paintings arosed widespread public interest in the __________ of North America

A

wildlife

7
Q

In the 19th centruy, US naturalists voiced concerns about ________ __________ and
their ____________

A

natural resources

conservation

8
Q

naturalist author on simplifying life

A

Henry David Thoreau

9
Q

“Greatest good for the greatest number for the longest time”

A

Conservation

10
Q

Who wrote “Man and Nature”?

A

George Perkins Mash

11
Q

George Perkins Mash was a ________, __________, and _________

A

farmer
linguist
diplomat

12
Q

What was the American Forestry Association?

A

a group of public-minded citizens, who influenced public opinion against the wholesale destruction of America’s forests

13
Q

When was the American Forestry Association created?

A

1875

14
Q

What did the General Revision Act do?

A

Gave the president authority to establish forest reserves

15
Q

After the General Revision Act was established, Presidents Harrison, Cleveland, T. Roosevelt
put __._ _______ hectares into reserve

A

17.4 million

16
Q

After the General Revision Act was established, Presidents ________, _________, __.________
put 17.4 million hectares into reserve

A

Harrison
Cleveland
T. Roosevelt

17
Q

Who was the first head of the U.S. Forest Service?

A

Gifford Pinchot

18
Q

What is the difference between conservation and preservation?

A

Conservation, value natural resources for their
usefulness
Preservation, protect nature because all life
deserves respect

19
Q

Who supported conservation and who supported preservation?

A

Conservation-Theodore Roosevelt

Preservation-John Muir

20
Q

Who founded the Sierra Club?

A

John Muir

21
Q

Allows president to set aside sites of scientific or historical importance (monuments)

A

Antiquities Act (1906)

22
Q

Created national parks (Wilson administration), has grown to

other entities

A

National Park Service Organic Act (1916)

23
Q

Created by F.D. Roosevelt in response to the Dust Bowl (1930s droughts)

A

Soil Conservation Service (1935)

24
Q

Currently _____ national parks, rec areas, seashores, memorials,
preserves, monuments

A

392

25
Q

In the 1950s-60s the primary concerns were the ___________ of people to the environment and __________ ________.

A

interconnections

ecological health

26
Q

Who wrote “A Sand County Almanac”?

A

Aldo Leopold

27
Q

Who was a land ethic?

A

Aldo Leopold

28
Q

Who wrote “Silent Spring”?

A

Rachel Carson

29
Q

Rachel Carson wrote against indiscriminate use of ____/________

A

DDT/pesticides

30
Q

When was the EPA formed?

A

1970

31
Q

National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) signed cornerstone of _____________ ____

A

environmental law

32
Q

National Environmental Policy Act requires an __________ _______ ____________
(EIS) for any proposed federal action

A

Environmental Impact Statement

33
Q

The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) revolutionized ____________ _________ in US

A

environmental protection

34
Q

each environmental impact statement (EIS) must include what three things?

A
  1. the nature of the proposal and why its needed
  2. the environmental impacts of the proposal, including short-term and long-term effects and any adverse environmental effects if the proposal is implemented
  3. alternatives to lessen the adverse effects of the proposal; providing ways to mitigate the impact of the project
35
Q

List the 1970’s age of environmental legislation acts in order.

A

Clean Air Act (1970) (amended in 1990)
Clean Water Act (1972) Endangered Species Act (1973)
Energy Policy and Conservation Act (1975)
Federal Land Policy and Management Act (1976)
 National Forest Management Act (1976)
Toxic Substances Control Act (1976)
Soil and Water Resources
Conservation Act (1977)

36
Q

Since 1970 six air pollutants have _______ by ___%

A

dropped 25%

37
Q

As of _____; 45% of municipal waste is _______ as

waste-to-energy or recovered for ________

A

2006
burned
recycling

38
Q

As of 2007; Human exposure to hazardous waste sites

(identified in 1969) is _______ ___%

A

below 93%

39
Q

As of 2008; ___% of ___ had healthy drinking water (75% in 1993)

A

92%

US

40
Q

Any countries economy depends on the environment for:
A. natural capital
B. raw materials to make produce
C. the flow of currency between production and consumption
D. disposal of waste produce
E. All of the Above

A

E. All of the Above