Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy Ashley > Chapter 20 > Flashcards

Chapter 20 Flashcards

(83 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Three categories of blood vessels

A

Arteries veins capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Arteries

A

Vessels that carry blood away from the heart Efferent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Veins

A

Vessels that carry blood back to the heart afferent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Capillaries

A

Thin walled vessels that connect the smallest arteries to the smallest veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Interna tunica

A

Deep endothelium simple Squamous selectively permeable barrier to materials entering or leaving direct contact endothelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Tunica media

A

Middle smooth muscle collagen prevents blood pressure from rupturing strengthens vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Tunica externa

A

Superficial loose connective tissue provides passage for small nerves vasa vasorum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Endothelium

A

Simple Squamous epithelium in the Tunica interna

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Vasa vasorum

A

Small vessels that nourish at least the outer half of the wall of the larger vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Vasoconstriction

A

Narrowing of a vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Vasodilation

A

Widening of a vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Vasoreflexes

A

What vasoconstriction and vasodilation are collectively called

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Elastic conducting

A

Biggest artery aorta common carotid subclavian arteries three layers expand it during ventricular systole recoil diastole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Distributing muscular

A

Smaller branches that distribute blood to specific organs brachial femoral renal splenic up to 40 layers of smooth muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Resistance arteries

A

Too variable and number and location 25 layers of smooth muscle thicker Tunica media

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Arterioles

A

Smallest of arteries 1-3 layers of smooth muscle very little tunica externa major point of control over how much blood an organ or tissue receives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Metarterioles

A

Short vessels provide shortcuts through blood can bypass the capillaries and flow directly to a venule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Carotid sinuses

A

Wall of the internal carotid artery he monitors blood pressure adjust blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Carotid bodies

A

Branch of common carotid adjusts changes in blood composition adjust breathing to stabilize the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Aortic bodies

A

Aortic arch monitors changes in blood composition adjust breathing to stabilize the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Continuous capillary

A

Found in skeletal muscle endothelial cells held together by tight junctions for small solutes pass-through cleft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Fenestrated capillaries

A

Found in the kidney endocrine gland small intestines. Passage of small molecules organs for absorption and Filtration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Sinusoid capillary

A

Irregular blood-filled spaces where proteins can pass through and blood cells found in the liver bone marrow and spleen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Basal lamina

A

Thin protein carbohydrate layer surrounds the endothelium and separates it from the adjacent connective tissue’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Pericyte
Cells that lie external to the endothelium elongated tendrils that wrap around the capillary contact and regulate blood flow through the capillaries
26
Post capillary venules vein classification
Smallest receives blood from capillaries or channels tunica interna with a few fibroblasts no muscle surrounded by pericyte
27
Muscular venules vein classification
Receives blood from the post capillary venules Tunica media of one or two layers of smooth muscle
28
How do veins differ from arteries
Veins have valves and a greater capacity for blood containment then arteries do
29
Perfusion
Flow per given volume or mass of tissue
30
Peripheral resistance
The opposition to the flow that the blood encounters and vessels away from the heart
31
Relationship between flow pressure gradient and resistance
Greater the pressure difference the greater the flow The greater the resistance the less the flow Pressure depends on how much resistance blood encounters
32
Pressure affecting flow
Greater pressure the greater the flow
33
Resistance affect flow
Greater the resistance the less the flow
34
Blood radius verse peripheral resistance
When vessel dilates average flow may be faster When vessel constricts more of the blood is close to the wall and average flow is slower
35
Vessel length affect peripheral resistance
Pressure and flow decline with distance The farther a liquid travels the more cumulative friction it encounters
36
Blood pressure
The force that the blood exerts against a vessel wall
37
Systolic pressure
Peak arterial blood pressure attained during ventricular contraction
38
Diastolic pressure
Minimum arterial blood pressure occurring during the ventricular relaxation between heart beats
39
Pulse pressure
Difference between systolic and diastolic pressure
40
Syncope
Fainting
41
Arteriosclerosis
Hardening of the arteries
42
Atherosclerosis
The growth of lipid deposits in the arterial walls
43
Hypertension
Chronic resting blood pressure higher than 140/90
44
Hypotension
Chronic low resting blood pressure consequence of blood loss dehydration anemia
45
Autoregulation
Ability of tissues to regulate their own blood supply
46
Reactive hypermia
Blood increases above the normal level of low
47
Angiogenesis
The growth of new blood vessels
48
Baroreflex
Detects Changes in blood pressure
49
Chemoreflex
Detects Blood chemistry
50
Vasometer center
Medulla oblongata exert sympathetic control over blood vessels throughout the body
51
Angiotensin
Increases blood pressure block enzyme
52
Aldosterone
Increases blood pressure salt retaining hormone
53
Natriuretic peptide
Decreases blood pressure increased sodium excretion by kidneys
54
Adh
Increases blood pressure promotes water retention
55
Epinephrine
Increases blood pressure stimulates Vasoconstriction
56
Vasoreflexes
Raising or lowering blood pressure throughout the body modifying
57
Vasoconstriction
Raises overall blood pressure
58
Vasodilation
Lowers blood pressure throughout the system
59
Capillary exchange
To way movement of fluid
60
Chemicals given off by capillary
Oxygen glucose and other nutrients antibodies and hormones
61
Diffusion
Glucose and oxygen out of blood carbon and other waste into blood
62
Transcytosis
Pick up material on one side of the plasma membrane transport across cell and discharge material on other side by exocytosis
63
Filtration
Fluid filters out of arterial end of capillary delivers materials to cells and removes metabolic waste
64
Reabsorption
Osmotic pressure overrides filtration pressure
65
Hydrostatic pressure
Physical force by a liquid against a surface
66
Edema
Accumulation of excess fluid in a tissue Swelling of face ankles fingers abdomen
67
Venous return
Pressure gradient Gravity Skeletal muscle pump Thoracic pump Cardiac suction
68
Venus pooling
When blood accumulates in the limbs because venous pressure is not high enough
69
Circulatory shock
State in which cardiac output is insufficient to meet the bodies metabolic needs
70
Cardiogenic shock
In adequate pumping by the heart
71
Low venous return
Cardiac output is low because too little blood is returning to heart
72
Venus pooling shock
When the body has a normal total blood volume but too much of it accumulates in the lower body
73
Obstructed venous return shock
When any object such as a growing tumor compresses a vein and impedes its blood flow
74
Anaphylactic
Results from exposure to something someone is allergic to release of histamine
75
Compensated shock
Homeostatic mechanisms bring out recovery
76
Uncompensated shock
Poor cardiac output results weaken heart reduce output
77
Transient ischemic attack
A moment to a few hours temporary dizziness loss of vision weakness paralysis and a headache
78
Cerebrovascular accident or stroke
Sudden death of brain tissue caused by ischemia Linus paralysis loss of sensation loss of speech
79
Skeletal muscles
Muscular contraction compresses the blood vessels and impedes blood flow
80
Brain
Bloodflow constant because oxygen deprivation can cause irreversible damage regulates own blood flow
81
Lungs
Pulmonary circuit is the only route in which arteries carry oxygen poor blood in the veins carry oxygen rich blood
82
Function of pulmonary circulation
Exchange CO2 for 02
83
Systemic circulation function
Supplies oxygen and nutrients to all organs and removes their metabolic wastes

Anatomy Ashley (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions