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Milady Exam Review: Cosmetology > CHAPTER 20: CHEMICAL TEXTURE SERVICES > Flashcards

CHAPTER 20: CHEMICAL TEXTURE SERVICES Flashcards

1
Q

The chemical texture service that loosens overly curly hair or changes tightly curly or coiled hair into loose curls or waves is ________.

a. curl softening
b. curl re-forming
c. alternate waving
d. swelling compound

A

b. curl re-forming

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2
Q

The layer of the hair that provides the strength and elasticity of human hair is the ___________.

a. medulla
b. regular
c. cortex
d. arrector

A

c. cortex

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3
Q

The natural pH of hair is between _______________.

a. 4.0 and 5.0
b. 4.5 and 5.5
c. 6.0 and 7.0
d. 7.0 and 8.0

A

b. 4.5 and 5.5

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4
Q

In permanent waving, the size of the curl is determined by the ____________.

a. position of the rod
b. length of the hair
c. wrapping of the rod
d. size of the rod

A

d. size of the rod

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5
Q

The technique of wrapping hair at an angle of 90 degrees or perpendicular to its base section is __________.

a. half off-base placement
b. on-base placement
c. off-base placement
d. full-base placement

A

a. half off-base placement

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6
Q

The two basic types of wrapping the hair around the perm rod are the spiral and ____________.

a. loop technique
b. croquignole perm technique
c. placement technique
d. horizontal technique

A

b. croquignole perm technique

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7
Q

A reduction reaction involves either the addition of hydrogen or the removal of ___________.

a. oxygen
b. peroxide
c. carbon
d. nitrogen

A

a. oxygen

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8
Q

Most cold waves have a pH between ____________.

a. 9.0 and 9.6
b. 10.0 and 10.8
c. 8.0 and 9.0
d. 7.6 and 8.4

A

a. 9.0 and 9.6

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9
Q

The three separate components of acid waves are permanent waving solution, activator, and ____________.

a. conditioner
b. stabilizer
c. neutralizer
d. shampoo

A

c. neutralizer

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10
Q

An endothermic wave is activated by _____________.

a. an ammonia lotion
b. an outside heat source
c. a sulfite source
d. a reducing agent

A

b. an outside heat source

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11
Q

Permanent wave solution should be rinsed from the hair for at least ____________.

a. 2 minutes
b. 10 minutes
c. 15 minutes
d. 5 minutes

A

d. 5 minutes

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12
Q

The process of rearranging the structure of curly hair into a straighter or smoother form is __________.

a. chemical hair relaxing
b. chemical smoothing
c. continuation
d. neutralizing

A

a. chemical hair relaxing

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13
Q

Thio relaxers usually have a pH above ____________.

a. 5
b. 10
c. 9
d. 6

A

b. 10

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14
Q

Hydroxide ions left in the hair after a relaxer can be neutralized using a _______________.

a. acid-balanced shampoo
b. conditioning rinse
c. thio neutralizer
d. acid-free shampoo

A

a. acid-balanced shampoo

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15
Q

Which type of relaxer contains only one component and is used exactly as it is packaged with no mixing necessary?

a. thio relaxers
b. lye-based relaxers
c. metal hydroxide relaxers
d. acid-based relaxers

A

c. metal hydroxide relaxers

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16
Q

Lithium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide relaxers are often advertised and sold as ___________.

a. conditioner relaxers
b. no mix-no lye relaxers
c. no mix- no chemical relaxers
d. lye relaxers

A

b. no mix-no lye relaxers

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17
Q

Which type of bonds are relatively weak physical side bonds that are the result of an attraction between negative and positive electrical charges?

a. disulfide bonds
b. polypeptide bonds
c. salt bonds
d. waving bonds

A

c. salt bonds

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18
Q

Which type of rod is also known as a circle rod?

a. loop rods
b. soft bender rods
c. concave rods
d. straight rods

A

a. loop rods

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19
Q

For on-base placement, the hair is wrapped at ________ beyond perpendicular to its base section, and the rod is positioned on its base.

a. 180 degrees
b. 15 degrees
c. 90 degrees
d. 45 degrees

A

d. 45 degrees

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20
Q

Which of these permanent waves process at room temperature?

a. acid-balanced waves
b. exothermic waves
c. low pH waves
d. true acid waves

A

a. acid-balanced waves

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21
Q

Chemical solutions ___________ the pH of the hair to an alkaline state.

a. lower
b. raise
c. neutralize
d. do not affect

A

b. raise

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22
Q

When should you perform as elasticity test?

a. before perming the hair
b. while perming the hair
c. after perming the hair
d. never

A

a. before perming the hair

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23
Q

Porous hair ______________.

a. is difficult to penetrate
b. should never be permed
c. could be damaged by a highly alkaline permanent waving solution
d. could be damaged by a highly acidic permanent waving solution

A

c. could be damaged by a highly alkaline permanent waving solution

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24
Q

GMTG, the primary reducing agent in most acid waves, has ____________.

a. no pH
b. a neutral pH
c. a high pH
d. a low pH

A

d. a low pH

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25
Q

True acid waves have a pH between ____________.

a. 2.0 and 3.0
b. 4.5 and 7.0
c. 5.5 and 8.0
d. 6.0 and 9.0

A

b. 4.5 and 7.0

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26
Q

Ammonia-free waves _____________.

a. have a very strong odor
b. are very acidic
c. contain some ammonia
d. have very little odor

A

d. have very little odor

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27
Q

In permanent waving, most of the processing takes place within the first ____________.

a. 5 to 10 minutes
b. 10 to 20 minutes
c. 20 to 30 minutes
d. 45 to 60 minutes

A

a. 5 to 10 minutes

28
Q

One safety precaution of permanent waving is to _____________.

a. perm hair that has previously been treated with hydroxide relaxers
b. perm excessively damaged hair
c. examine the scalp before the perm service
d. perform a test for metallic salts only if the client requests it

A

c. examine the scalp before the perm service

29
Q

With extremely curly hair, the twists are the _________ sections of the hair strands.

a. thickest and strongest
b. thinnest and weakest
c. thickest and weakest
d. thinnest and strongest

A

b. thinnest and weakest

30
Q

Relaxers are _________ and can literally melt or dissolve hair if used incorrectly.

a. extremely alkaline
b. extremely acidic
c. mildly alkaline
d. mildly acidic

A

a. extremely alkaline

31
Q

If the client’s hair has been treated with a hydroxide relaxer, it means the hair ____________.

a. has disulfide bonds that are in the process of reforming
b. has strong disulfide bonds
c. is ideal for permanent waving
d. will not hold a curl when applying a thio relaxer or thio permanent

A

d. will not hold a curl when applying a thio relaxer or thio permanent

32
Q

A ______ is a perm wrap in which one end paper is placed under and another is placed over the strand of hair being wrapped.

a. double flat wrap
b. croquignole perm wrap
c. bookend wrap
d. single flat wrap

A

a. double flat wrap

33
Q

Which type of rods are usually 12 inches long with a uniform diameter along the entire length of the rod?

a. straight rods
b. loop rods
c. soft bender rods
d. concave rods

A

c. soft bender rods

34
Q

Thioglycolic acid _______________.

a. has no odor
b. is a common reducing agent
c. is dark in color
d. has a pleasant scent

A

b. is a common reducing agent

35
Q

The _____ is the innermost layer of the hair.

a. cortex
b. base
c. medulla
d. cuticle

A

c. medulla

36
Q

The partings and bases radiate throughout the panels to follow the curvature of the head in which type of wrap?

a. bricklay permanent wrap
b. double flat wrap
c. spiral perm wrap
d. curvature permanent wrap

A

d. curvature permanent wrap

37
Q

The chemical bonds that join amino acids together are called _____________.

a. hydrogen bonds
b. peptide bonds
c. disulfide bonds
d. thio bonds

A

b. peptide bonds

38
Q

A ____________ is a type of perm wrap in which the hair is wrapped at an angle other than perpendicular to the length of the rod.

a. spiral perm wrap
b. straight set wrap
c. basic permanent wrap
d. bookend wrap

A

a. spiral perm wrap

39
Q

Which of the following is a method of hair straightening that combines the use of thio relaxer with flat ironing?

a. weave technique
b. Japanese thermal straightening
c. thio neutralization
d. no-base relaxing straightening

A

b. Japanese thermal straightening

40
Q

Which type of relaxer requires the application of a protective base cream to the entire scalp prior to the application of the relaxer?

a. hydroxide relaxer
b. no-base relaxer
c. thio relaxer
d. base relaxer

A

d. base relaxer

41
Q

The middle layer of the hair is the ________________.

a. medulla
b. cuticle
c. cortex
d. base

A

c. cortex

42
Q

Which of these terms refers to the angle at which the rod is positioned on the head: horizontally, vertically, or diagonally?

a. base placement
b. base direction
c. base insertion
d. base reduction

A

b. base direction

43
Q

A ____________ is a type of wrap that used one end paper folded in half over the hair end like an envelope.

a. basic permanent wrap
b. curvature permanent wrap
c. bricklay permanent wrap
d. bookend wrap

A

d. bookend wrap

44
Q

A ___________ is a wrapping pattern in which all the rods within a panel move in the same direction and are positioned on equal-sized bases.

a. basic permanent wrap
b. croquignole perm wrap
c. double-rod wrap
d. bookend wrap

A

a. basic permanent wrap

45
Q

Which of these are usually classified as a lye-based relaxer?

a. metal hydroxide relaxers
b. carbonate hydroxide relaxers
c. sodium hydroxide relaxers
d. iron hydroxide relaxers

A

c. sodium hydroxide relaxers

46
Q

Which rods are equal in diameter along their entire length or curling area?

a. straight rods
b. loop rods
c. concave rods
d. convex rods

A

a. straight rods

47
Q

Which of these terms refers to the thickness or thinness of a liquid?

a. duration
b. viscosity
c. intensity
d. amperage

A

b. viscosity

48
Q

The ________ is the tough exterior layer of the hair.

a. cuticle
b. medulla
c. base
d. cortex

A

a. cuticle

49
Q

Which of these terms refers to the position of the rod in relation to its base section?

a. base altitude
b. half off-base placement
c. base direction
d. base placement

A

d. base placement

50
Q

A ____________ is a type of wrap in which the hair is wrapped on one rod from the scalp to midway down the hair shaft, and another rod is used to wrap the remaining hair strand in the same direction.

a. spiral perm wrap
b. double flat wrap
c. piggyback wrap
d. bricklay permanent wrap

A

c. piggyback wrap

51
Q

Which of these stops the action of the waving solution and rebuilds the hair into its new curly form?

a. lanthionization
b. thio neutralization
c. hydroxidation
d. peptide concentration

A

b. thio neutralization

52
Q

Long chains of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds are known as ___________.

a. neutralization chains
b. monopeptide chains
c. amino chains
d. polypeptide chains

A

d. polypeptide chains

53
Q

The process by which hydroxide relaxers permanently straighten hair is called ______________.

a. lanthionization
b. permanent waving
c. normalization
d. disulfide bonding

A

a. lanthionization

54
Q

Hydrogen bonds can be broken by ________________.

a. only water
b. only heat
c. either water or heat
d. neither water nor heat

A

c. either water or heat

55
Q

The reducing agent used in permanent waving solutions is commonly referred to as _____________.

a. hydroxide
b. thio
c. sulfate
d. disulfide

A

b. thio

56
Q

Manufacturers add an alkalizing agent to waving solutions because the acid in the solutions _____________.

a. swells the hair
b. penetrates into the cortex
c. both swells the hair and penetrates into the cortex
d. does not swell the hair or penetrate into the cortex

A

d. does not swell the hair or penetrate into the cortex

57
Q

A pH of 7.0 is ____________ than the pH of hair.

a. 10 times more alkaline
b. 100 times more alkaline
c. 10 times more acidic
d. 100 times more acidic

A

b. 100 times more alkaline

58
Q

Most of the acid waves found in today’s salons have a pH between _________________.

a. 7.8 and 8.2
b. 9.5 and 10.5
c. 3.8 and 4.2
d. 4.5 and 5.5

A

a. 7.8 and 8.2

59
Q

Which of the following is not considered a main component of an exothermic wave?

a. permanent waving solution
b. neutralizer
c. activator
d. concentrator

A

d. concentrator

60
Q

An endothermic chemical reaction is one that absorbs __________ from it’s surroundings.

a. moisture
b. energy
c. heat
d. light

A

c. heat

61
Q

Which type of perm is recommended for extremely porous hair?

a. true acid wave
b. exothermic wave
c. ammonia-free wave
d. alkaline wave

A

a. true acid wave

62
Q

What is the most common neutralizer?

a. ammonia
b. hydrogen peroxide
c. sodium chloride
d. distilled water

A

b. hydrogen peroxide

63
Q

When rinsing the hair after the recommended processing time has elapsed, it is recommended that you __________.

a. never rinse for longer than 20 seconds
b. make sure the hair is still moderately moist before neutralizing
c. smell the hair to determine if it smells like perming solution
d. aggressively blot the hair

A

c. smell the hair to determine if it smells like perming solution

64
Q

Japanese thermal straightening _______________.

a. is a recommended service for extremely curly hair
b. usually takes about 30 minutes
c. is appropriate for all color-treated hair
d. is sometimes called thermal reconditioning

A

d. is sometimes called thermal reconditioning

65
Q

Mild- strength relaxers are formulated for _______________.

a. normal hair texture with a medium natural curl
b. fine, color-treated, or damaged hair
c. very coarse, extremely curly hair
d. resistant hair with little damage

A

b. fine, color-treated, or damaged hair

Milady Exam Review: Cosmetology (33 decks)

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