chapter 22 Flashcards

Question

Women Peace Advocates Convention

Answer 1

convened in Zurich and called on nations o end hunger and promote human welfare created the WILPF

Answer 2

Women's International League for Peace and Freedom - leading member was Jane Adamms denounced imperialism, stressed suffering caused by militarism, promoted social justice

Answer 3

president of the NAWSA created the League of Women Voters

Answer 4

Warren G. Harding at the 1920 election | - created an era that lasted until 1932

Answer 5

Secretary of Commerce head of the wartime Food Administration made the Commerce Department create 2000 trade associations representing companies in almost every major industry

Answer 6

a system of voluntary business cooperation with the government. created by Herbert Hoover to achieve what progressives had sought through governmental regulation - gave corporate leaders more power

Answer 7

scandal in which Interior Secretary Albert Fall accepted $300,000 in bribes for leasing oil reserves on public land in Teapot Dome, Wyoming corruption during Harding's presidency

Answer 8

Began president upon Harding's death. stopped cronyism limited government + tax cuts for business

Answer 9

Democrat John W. Davis (the democrats were deeply divided over prohibition and immigration ) Senator Robert M. La Follette (tried to resuscitate the Progressive Party which called for strong government regulation and reduction of weapons and prevention of war)

Answer 10

1. Federal trade commission failed to enforce antitrust laws 2. supreme court refused to break up the U.S steel Corporation, despite its near-monopoly status 3. the McNary-Haugen bills proposed system of federal price supports for major croups, but was opposed by Coolidge as it was a "special interest legislation)

Answer 11

while the U.S refused to join the league of nations, it was still involved inforeign affairs they believed that by encouraging private banks to make foreign loans, U.S business interests would be advanced.

Answer 12

State Department officials pressured Bolivia into accepting a loan. - also forced Bolivia to agree to financial oversight done with El Salvador as well. sometimes the US would intervene militarily for repayment of debt: Nicaragua, Dominican Republic, Haiti

Answer 13

As US posessions (such as Puerto Rico and the Philipinenes) 1. Called Haiti the "Amerian Africa" 2. White Americans became fascinated by voodoo and saw Haitians as "minors or childlike people"

Answer 14

policy emphasizing connection between American's economic and political interests overseas Businesses would gain from diplomatic efforts in its behalf, while American economic presence overseas was strengthened

Answer 15

- U.S is destroying the soverighnty of other people (Samuel Gay Inman) - the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom & The International Council of Women of the Darker Races exposed sexual exploitation of Haitian women

Answer 16

Was usually effective in getting loans repaid however, it ended up in the pockets of local elites and military intervention would not work

Answer 17

93 U.S cities had populations greater than 100,000

Answer 18

rural and native-born protesetants started the decade with the achievement of a longtime goal: national prohibition of liquor

Answer 19

Wartime anti-German prejudice was a major spur Breweries were owned by German Americans, thus prompting citizens to believe that it was unpatriotic to drink beer. Congress limited brewers' and distillers' use of barley and grains , causing consumption to decline

Answer 20

ratified in 1917 through the curse of two years prohibited "manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors" anywhere in the United States

Answer 21

Victory for health, morals, and Christian values was ignored in Urban Areas - patrons went to speakeasies - illegal drinking sites - secret clubs which enriched Al Capone and Jack Diamond

Answer 22

In California, Arizona, and Texas, Americans went south of the border for liquor - While Mexico regulated it, it was kept legal This led to the rise of booming vice towns of Tijuana and Mexicali (placed that were virtually uninhabited before)

Answer 23

U.S nightclub owners such as African American boxer Jack Johnson $10 million resort and casino were built by American investors called border barons

Answer 24

1925: Tennessee's legislature outlawed the teaching of "any theory that denies the story of the Divine Creation of man as taught in the bible and taeches instead that the man has descended from a lower order of animals"

Answer 25

American Civil Liberties Union formed during red scare to protect free speech challenged Tennessee Law constitutionality

Answer 26

John T. Scopes taught the theory of evolution and failed a jail sentence for doing so defended by Clarence Darrow, while Willian Jennings Bryan spoke for the prosecution

Answer 27

The Monkey Trial = referring to the theory of evolution and the nature of the trial

Answer 28

Catholics and Jews from Southern and Easter Europe believed that American must be kept American

Answer 29

2. Chinese Immigration ban in 1882 | 2. Japanese immigration limitation in 1907

Answer 30

pass emergency immigration restrictions in 1921 anda permanent measure three years lature: the National Origins Act

Answer 31

used backdated census data to establish a baseline; in the future, annual immigration from each country could not exceed 2% of that nationality's percentage of the U.S population as it stood in 1890 drastically limited immigrants from Southern and Easter Europe as they were new cap of 150,000 immigrants per year from Europe and a ban on most Asian immigrants

Answer 32

The new laws passed by congress DID NOT limit immigration from the Western Hemisphere. Latin Americans began arriving and finding jobs that would have gone to other immigrations before the exclusion More than 1 million Mexicans entered the US ; Nativists wanted Congress to stop this bu Congress supported Farmers who wanted free labor

Answer 33

1. California passes a law declaring aliens ineligible to citizenship and could not own property this was to discourage Asians (Japanese) immigrants - California, Hawaii, and Washington restrictly schools that taught Japapnese language, history, culture - anti-Japanese hysteria was prevalent

Answer 34

Klu Klux Klan: white supremacist group formed in post-civil War South After the premiere of ' Birth of a Nation' , a film glorifying the Klan, a group of southerners revived the group with the motto "Native, White, and Protesetant supremacy" harrassed immigrants, catholic, jews, and blacks

Answer 35

rising anti-semitism Leo Frak, a Jewish factory supervisor, was lynched for the wrongful accusation of the rape and murder of a 13 yr old girl

Answer 36

fringe paramailitary group aligned with Hitler's Nazis rose due to the KKK and white supremacy

Answer 37

Henry Ford's newspaper which rallied against immigrants and warned that members of the Gentile race must arm themselves against Jewish conspiracy of world domination

Answer 38

Democrats typically drew strength from white voters in the South and immigrants in the North they were divided over - prohibition - immigration restriction - KKK

Answer 39

nominated Governor Al Smith of new york - reflected aspirations of the urban working class offended many with his ethnic working-class origins protestants opposed him as he was catholic

Answer 40

Nominated Herber Hoover promised that individuals and voluntary cooperation would banish poverty won overwhelmingly (444 to 87 electoral votes) carried 5 ex-confederate states as southern protestants would not vote for a catholic

Answer 41

Women who supported Hoover

Answer 42

symbol of Liberty and the Promised Land to Negroes Everywhere

Answer 43

a flourishing of African American Artists, writers, and intellectuals, and social leaders in the 1920s, centered in the neighborhood of Harlem,NYC

Answer 44

embodied energy and optimism of Harlen Renaissance - believed that AA culture could be understood without heavy emphasis on the impact of white oppression - wanted to show what it means to be a Negro and American

Answer 45

painter who grew up in crowded tenement districts in the urban Norh used bold shaped and vivid colors to portray anger and life of AA

Answer 46

unique American musical form, developed in New Orleans and other parts of the South before WW! developed ensemble improvisational style

Answer 47

slang term for sex | - makes sense given music's early association with urban vice districts

Answer 48

prominent Jazz trumpeter - played in the brothels and saloons of the city's ice district - moved North and settled in Chicago in 1922

Answer 49

the route of the Great Migration from the south to north and midwestern cities White listeners flocked t ballrooms and clubs to hear Duke Ellington and other stars Harlem became the hub of lucrative jaz

Answer 50

visiting a mixed-race club

Answer 51

= producer who sold immigrant records in Yiddish, Swedish, and other languages - recorded Mamie Smith performing Crazy Blues = prompted Columbia and Paramount to copy Heinemann's approach

Answer 52

Marcus Garvey Universal Negro Improvement Association

Answer 53

to mobilize African American workers and champion Black speartism urged followers to move to Africa as people of African descent would never be treated justly in white run countries

Answer 54

a newspaper published by UNIA to solicit funds for the Black Star Steamship company, which would take Blacks to the West Indies

Answer 55

Garvey was imprisoned for mail fraud because of his solicitation for the Black Star Line he was ordered to deport to Jamaic a

Answer 56

the idea that all people of African descent, in all parts of the world, have a common heritage and destiny and should cooperate in political action

Answer 57

term coined by Gertrude Stein refers to young artists and writers who had suffered through world war 1 and felt alienated from America's mass-culture society in the 1920s

Answer 58

broadway drama about a black dictator driven from power by his people - had offensive racial epithets - did not have blackface however

Answer 59

by sinclair lewis, a savage critic of conformity exposed hypocrisy of small tow and rural life depicts disillusionment of ordinary small-town salesman denounced as unamerican

Answer 60

a satire about a greedy evagelical minister on the make

Answer 61

1. rampant inflation (prices jumped) 2. two-yr recession that raised unemployment to 10% 3. economy grew smoothly and Americans began to benefit

Answer 62

through successive waves of consolidation, two hundred large businesses came to control 1/2 of the country's nonbanking corporate wealth mergers happened with chemical businesses and electrical appliances

Answer 63

meat-packers opened plants in Argentina United Fruit company developed plantations in costa rica, honduras, Guatemala General Electric set up production facilities in Latin America, Asia, Australlia

Answer 64

1/4 of all American workers were employed by agriculture - agriculture prices fell as Europe dominated the industry bottom 40% of American families earned $725 or 9100 today

Answer 65

White mobs tended to raid affluent and wealthy African Americans and steal their radios and phonograph players as they believed they deserved those items, and black people did not

Answer 66

the watchword as families bartered with neighbors and used their yards to raise vegetables, rabbits, and chickens

Answer 67

new forms of borrowing, such as auto loans and installment plans, that flourished in the 1920s bu helped trigger the great depression

Answer 68

the automobile American owned 80% of the world's automobiles: 23 million cars

Answer 69

stimulated steel, petroleum, chemical, rubber, and glass production creating 3.7 million jo bs highway construction suburban shopping centers

Answer 70

They were bought on credit - this created a risk for buyers and the economy - borrowers who could not pay off the loan lost their entire investment and banks had unpaid loans

Answer 71

1. cheap land 2. sunshine 3. varied scenery with easy reach

Answer 72

Eastern European Jewish Immigrants Adolph Zukor, Hungarian immigrant, owned paramount

Answer 73

City in the Los Angeles area of California, where by the 1920s, nearly 90% of the films in the world were produced

Answer 74

Radio Corporation of America Created by General Electric to expand U.S presence in foreign radio markets major provider of radio transmission in Latin America and East Asia

Answer 75

the exercise of popular cultural influence overseas

Answer 76

Borrow money on a stock and pay back the loan as the stoke rose quickly in value - this only worked if economy grew + stock market climbed

Answer 77

1. 1921 - sharp recewssion 2. 1929-1930 - market rose 3. stayed in great depression where production plummeted 1932: unemployment is at 24%

Answer 78

``` Did not devestate the middle class nd the rich - but incomes plummeted among those who even kept their jobs ```

Answer 79

Private Charity: churches and synagogues however, these institutions were overwhelmed stated did not provide unemployment insurance there was no support for the elderly there was no concept of retirement savings

Answer 80

fell from 97 to 75 per 1000 women women beared the responsibility of birth control

Answer 81

the midweset and the plains the southern states had less unemployment due to smaller manufacturing bases; but farm wages plunged unemployment of blacks was double that of white men unemployment of AA women was triple that of white women

Answer 82

rejected pro-business, antiregulatory policies of the 1920s

Answer 83

clara bow mexican + american teenagers due to media defied conventional standards