Chapter 2.2 Flashcards
(15 cards)
What is random selection and what is it key for
procedure that ensures everyone in a population has an equal chance of being chosen
Key for generalizability
What are the 2 evaluating measures
- Reliability
- Validity
What is reliability
Consistency of a measurement
What is validity
The amount of truth to a claim
What are the 2 types of validity
- External
- Internal
What is external validity
The extent to which we can generalize our findings in a real world setting
What is internal validity
The extent we can draw cause and effect indifferences
What is naturalistic observation
Watching behaviour in the real world without influencing it
What is a response set
The tendency of research participants to distort answers to questions
What is malingering
Tendency to make ourselves appear psychologically disturbed in the aim of achieving a personal goal
What is the horns and halo effect
-Horns
-Negative ratings of one characteristic spilling over into others (look like a devil)
-Halo
-Positive ratings of one characteristic spilling over into others (looks like an angel)
What is correlational design
Examining the extent to which two variables are associated
What are the 3 types of correlation and what do they mean
- Positive +1.0
-Move together - Zero 0.0
- No association - Negative -1.0
-Move opposite to each other
What is illusionary correlation
The perception of a statistical association between two variables where none exists
What must you have for experimental design
- Random assignment
- Manipulation of an independant variable
