Chapter 23- The Progressive Era Flashcards
(125 cards)
1
Q
was the center of life for most Americans
A
home
2
Q
although most homes were still heated by fireplaces, some homes in large cities had
A
central heating systems
3
Q
kerosene lanterns were gradually being replaced by
A
gas lights or
electric lights
4
Q
three major inventions by 1900 that greatly aided the medical field
A
X-rays
antiseptics
innoculations
5
Q
did more than any man to revolutionize transportation in America
A
Henry Ford
6
Q
the most famous automobile ever built
A
Model T
7
Q
year Ford introduced the Model T
A
1908
8
Q
introduced the assembly-line process of automobile production
A
Henry Ford
9
Q
established by Ford to promote the history of man and America
A
Greenfield Village
Ford Museum
10
Q
together with his son, Ford financed the largest philanthropic organization in the world
A
Ford Foundation
11
Q
made the first successful powered flight
A
Wilbur and Orville Wright
12
Q
the Wright brother’s first successful flight was in _______________________ in
A
Kitty Hawk, NC
1903
13
Q
invented the wireless telegraph
A
Marconi
14
Q
the next step after the wireless telegraph
A
wireless telephone
15
Q
a direct result of wireless telephone was the
A
radio
16
Q
the first commercial broadcasting station in the US
A
KDKA in Pittsburgh
17
Q
one of the biggest stories in the newspapers of the early 20th century was
A
sinking of the Titanic
18
Q
year Titanic sunk
A
1912
19
Q
two new sources of power that spurred industry in the early 1900s
A
electricity
internal combustion engine
20
Q
means that machines operate by themselves
A
automation
21
Q
indicated the increasing prosperity among all classes of people
A
steady growth of the nation’s savings banks
22
Q
the youngest man ever to become President
A
Theodore Roosevelt (42)
23
Q
the most popular President of the early 1900s
A
Theodore Roosevelt
24
Q
Teddy resigned his post as assistant secretary of the navy to form a regiment that won fame in Cuba s the
A
Rough Riders
25
Roosevelt stood for honesty in business, wisdom in conserving our natural resources, and a _________________ for all Americans
square deal
26
the first two decades of the 20th century are often referred to as the
Progressive Era
27
early progressive leader from Wisconsin
Robert M. La Follette
28
the Presidential administrations that were progressive in nature
Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson
29
passed by Congress to speed up the handling of antitrust cases in federal courts
Expedition Act
30
Roosevelt's action against these big businesses won him the title
"trust-buster"
31
made it illegal for a shipper to accept a rebate from a railroad, just as it was already illegal for a railroad to offer one
Elkins Act
32
strengthened the power of the Interstate Commerce Commission over the railroads
Hepburn Act
33
federal department established in 1803
Department of Commerce and Labor
34
shortly after Roosevelt took office, workers led by John Mitchell went on strike, calling for a shorter working day and an increase in pay
United Mine Workers
35
during _____________________, Roosevelt negotiated more moderate reforms with big business leaders and this brought the country back into prosperity
Panic of 1907
36
social critic of the Progressive Era that wrote the "History of the Standard Oil Company"
Ida Tarbell
37
best-known social critics of the Progressive Era
Tarbell (Standard Oil Company)
Steffens (Shame of the Cities)
Sinclair (The Jungle)
38
the name given for the entire group of writers that were slanted and disgruntled about social issues
given because of Roosevelt's comparison to Pilgrim's Progress
muckrakers
39
law passed after President Roosevelt read The Jungle
Meat Inspection Act
40
passed to prevent the manufacture and sale of adulterated foods and drugs
required patented medicine to be labeled as to their contents
Pure Food and Drug Act
41
Roosevelt's chief forester
Gifford Pinchot
42
marked the first attempt to inventory the nation's natural resources
National Conservation Commission
43
passed under Roosevelt's influence
provided that money from the sale of public land in 16 western states was to be used o initiate irrigation projects to make arid land productive
Newlands Reclamation Act
44
constructed in Arizona o Salt River and dedicated by an ex-President
provided water to irrigate more that 200,000 acres
Roosevelt Dam
45
before the US could start a canal project of its own, it had to eliminate the _____________________, which stipulated that is such a canal were built, it would be under joint control of the US and Great Britain
Clayton- Bulwer Treaty
46
granted the US the right to build and police a canal through Central America
Hay-Pauncefote Treaty
47
a possible site for the US to build a canal was through the
Isthmus of Canal
48
Another possible route for the US to build a canal
Nicaragua
49
three days after the revolution is Panama began, President Roosevelt extended diplomatic recognition to the new
Repiblic of Panama
50
granted the US a one ten miles wide through the isthmus on basically the same terms Colombia had rejected
Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty
51
nation Panama was under before their revolution
Colombia
52
an army medical doctor who had helped to eliminate the mosquitoes which caused yellow fever in Cuba
was appointed chief sanitary officer in the Canal Zone
Colonel William Gorgas
53
army engineer appointed by President Roosevelt to take charge of the Panama Canal project
Colonel George Washington Goethals
54
included in the construction so that the water level could be raised or lowered as the ships journey from one end of the canal to the other
locks with gates
55
year Panama canal was opened for use
August 1914
56
Teddy Roosevelt's summarized general policy in regard to foreign affairs
Speak softly and carry a big stick.
57
At the close of the Spanish-American War, the US was obligated to protect both ______________________ and _________________
Puerto Rico
Cuba
58
shortly after the Venezuelan affair, a similar situation developed in the
Dominican Republic
59
two countries Venezuela went into debt to
Germany
Great Britain
60
Roosevelt's expanded interpretation of Monroe's original policy statement became known as the __________________________ to the Monroe Doctrine
Roosevelt Corollary
61
anything that follows as a natural or logical result of something else
corollary
62
gaining control of the Philippines and of coaling stations in the Pacific had increased interest especially in
China
63
had easily defeated China in war in 1894-1895
Japan
64
imperialistic powers of Europe that had moved in to take controlling leases on various Chinese ports
Russia
Germany
(Japan)
65
large areas carved out by Russia and Germany along China's coast where they controlled economic affairs and trade with the outside world
"spheres of influence"
66
Americans grew increasingly concerned about China so Secretary of State Hay sent notes requesting that each nation agree to not interfere with social issues in Chine
Open-Door Policy
67
rebellion in which superpatriotic Chinese attacked foreigners, targeting missionaries and Christians specifically
Boxer Rebellion
68
one of the most famous survivors of the Boxer Rebellion
Jonathan Goforth
69
the Boxers took control of the are around the capital city _______________
Peking
70
President Roosevelt's first experience at dealing with problems in Far East
Japan angry at Russian expansion in Manchuria
Japan declared war on Russia
71
Roosevelt realized if this war went until the defeat of one nation, it would affect the delicate balance of power in the Far East
Russo-Japanese War
72
the treaty between Japan and Russia gave Japan
dominant power in Manchuria
stronger position in Korea
73
for his part in settling the Russo-Japanese War, and for other actions promoting world peace, Theodore Roosevelt was awarded the
Nobel Peace Prize
74
what Roosevelt worked out with Japan by which Japan's government agreed to withhold passports from Japanese laborers seeking to come to the US
Gentlemen's Agreement
75
many Americans feared that Japan had designs on the
Philippine Islands
76
sent out to demonstrate America's increasing military strength
Great White Fleet
77
the world cruise of the Great White Fleet gave the navy a new slogan:
Join the Navy and See the World
78
when Teddy Roosevelt decided not to run for reelection, he supported ____________________ for the election of 1908
William Howard Taft
79
ran against Taft in election of 1908
William Jennings Bryan
80
won election of 1908
Taft
81
important event that took place during Taft's administration which made post offices saving banks where citizens could receive interest for depositing their money
postal savings system
82
important events that happened during Taft's administration
postal savings system
parcel post service
Department of Labor created
Civil Service expanded
New Mexico and Arizona admitted
83
year New Mexico and Arizona admitted to Union
1912
84
proposed tariff bill that lowered the rates on some items but kept most rates substantially as they were under the Dingley Tariff
Payne-Aldrich Bill
85
stated that only those combinations suspected of constituting an unreasonable restraint of trade should be prosecuted
rule of reason
86
greatly strengthened the Interstate Commerce Commission by giving it greater control over railroad shipping rates and bringing the supervision of telephone, telegraph, and cable companies under its control
Mann-Elkins Act
87
created under Taft's administration to conserve natural resources and help protect the welfare of miners
Bureau of Mines
88
Latin American country in which American banks loaned money to assist in the stabilization of its finances under Taft's administration
Nicaragua
89
President Taft shunned the "big stick" policy and followed the new approach called
encouraged American businessmen to invest large amounts of capital in the industrial and commercial development of China and Latin American republics
dollar diplomacy
90
after the Republican party split when Taft was nominated for the election of 1912, progressives withdrew from the party and organized their own
Progressive Party
91
th Progressive Party was popularly known as the
Bull Moos Party (after Roosevelt)
92
chosen as the Democratic nominee for the election of the 1912
Thomas Woodrow Wilson
93
the only man in history to serve as President and then as chief justice of the Supreme Court
Taft
94
won election of 1912
Woodrow Wilson
95
the first President since John Adams to make a personal appearance before Congress
Woodrow Wilson
96
97
Act that created a privately controlled central banking system
Federal Reserve Bank Act
98
The percentage of deposits member banks are required to hold in reserve
Reserve requirement
99
The rate of interest it charges member banks that borrow money from Federal Reserve Banks
Discount rate
100
Act of 1914 that declared certain business practices illegal
Clayton Antitrust Act
101
Two types of business organizations declared illegal by the Clayton Act
Interlocking directorate
Holding company
102
Formed when the same men served in the board of directors for several different companies
Interlocking directorate
103
LA countries that were torn by revolution
Haiti
Dominican Republic
104
Haiti became a ___________________ of the United States
Temporary protectorate
105
Islands purchased from Denmark in 1918
Danish West Indies (Virgin Islands)
106
Mexico’s aging dictator that was overthrown
Porfirio Díaz
107
Overthrew the Mexican dictator ad headed the new government
Francisco Madero
108
Huerto’s rivals that Wilson allowed arms and munitions to be sent to
Carranza
Villa
109
Where America war vessels were stationed in Mexico’s Atlantic seaport
Tampico
110
Where a German ship was headed to supply Huerta’s forces with munitions
Veracruz
111
The ABC powers were
Argentina
Brazil
Chile
112
Role of the ABC powers
Mediate the tensions between US and Mexico
113
Commanded the troops sent by President Wilson to go into Mexico to capture Villa ( killed 18 Americans)
General John Pershing
114
Served as speaker of the House who became known for ruling the House with an especially uncompromising hand
Joseph Cannon
115
Amendment that changed the method of electing senators
Defeated the original Constitutional purpose of the senate
17th amendment
116
guaranteed women the right to vote
19th Amendment
117
Two new procedures adopted during the Progressive Era were intended to
Give voters a greater voice in the making of state laws
118
A process by which a stipulated percentage of voters in a state can initiate or begin passage of a state law without waiting for state legislature
Initiative
119
Enables voters to provide for the adoption of a state law upon which state legislatures has not acted
Referendum
120
Enables an official to be removed from office before his term expires
Recall
121
Adopted to give voters a voice in nominating candidates to run for public office
Direct primary
122
Am election one which Al of the registered voters of a party decide by ballot which candidate will run against the opposing party’s candidate in the final election
Primary election
123
System in which the party voters in a state indicate their preference for a candidate to be supported by their delegates to the party’s national nominating convention
Presidential primary
124
Policy-___________ officers were to be elected
Policy-__________ officers were to be appointed
Making-elected
Enforcing-appointed
125
Where city-manager plan of government was popularized
Dayton, Ohio
