Chapter 24.2 Lymphatic System

Question 1

Disease-producing exposure agents in our internal and external environment

Answer 1

Pathogens

Question 2

Ability to ward off damage or disease through

Answer 2

Immunity or resistance

Question 3

Vulnerability or lack of resistance is termed?

Answer 3

Susceptibility

Question 4

Defense present at birth, fast, non-specific and no memory cannot recall previous foreign molecule.

Answer 4

Innate immunity

Question 5

Innate immunity first line of defense

Answer 5

Physical and chemical barriers of the skin, and mucous membrane

Question 6

Innate immunity second line of defense

Answer 6

Antimicrobial substances, phagocytes, natural killer cells, inflammation, and fever.

Question 7

Refers to defenses that involve specific recognition of a microbe once it has breached the innate immunity defenses. Has memory

Answer 7

Adaptive immunity

Question 8

The body system responsible for adaptive immunity?

Answer 8

Lymphatic system ( garbage drainage)

Question 9

Adaptive immunity involves

Answer 9

T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes

Question 10

The lymphatic system consist of

Answer 10

Lymph, lymphatic vessels and lymphatic tissues

Question 11

Specialized form of reticular connective tissue hat contains large numbers of lymphocytes.

Answer 11

Lymphatic tissue

Question 12

After interstitial fluid passes into lymphatic vessels (thick) it’s called?

Answer 12

Lymph

Question 13

Each day , about _______ of fluid filter from blood into tissue spaces.

Answer 13

20 liters

Question 14

About ____ of fluid filtered daily from arterial end of blood capillaries to venous end of capillaries.

Answer 14

17 liters

Question 15

Lymphatic system 3 primary functions

Answer 15

Draining excess interstitial fluid.
Transporting dietary lipids.
Carrying out immune response.

Question 16

Lymphatic vessels begin as?

Answer 16

Lymphatic capillaries

Question 17

Larger than blood capillaries, permits interstitial fluid to flow into them, but not out.

Answer 17

Lymphatic capillaries

Question 18

What happens when pressure is greater in interstitial fluid than in lymph?

Answer 18

Cells separate and interstitial fluid enters lymphatic capillary.

Question 19

When pressure is greater inside the lymphatic capillary?

Answer 19

Cells adhere more closely and lymph can not escape back into interstitial fluid.

Question 20

Located at intervals along lymphatic vessels

Answer 20

Lymph nodes

Question 21

Masses of B cells and T cells that are surrounded by a capsule?

Answer 21

Lymph nodes

Question 22

Lymph eventually passes into one of two main channels..

Answer 22

Thoracic duct or right lymphatic duct

Question 23

The thoracic duct, the main lymph collecting duct, receives lymph from the ..

Answer 23

Left side of the head, neck and chest; left upper limbs; and entire body below the ribs

Question 24

The right lymphatic duct drains lymph from…

Answer 24

The upper right side of the body

Question 25

Thoracic duct empties its lymph into the junction of the..

Answer 25

Left internal jugular and left subclavian veins.

Question 26

Right lymphatic duct empties it’s lymph into the junction of the...

Answer 26

Right internal jugular and right subclavian.

Question 27

Two pumps that maintain flow of lymph?

Answer 27

Skeletal muscle pump and respiratory pump.

Question 28

Condition that occurs when the pathways of the lymphatic system are blocked.

Answer 28

Lymphedema

Question 29

Sites where stem cells divide and develop into mature B cells and T cells, include red bone marrow and the thymus.

Answer 29

Primary lymphatic organs and tissues

Question 30

Two-lobed organ located posterior to the sternum, medial to the lungs, and superior to the heart.

Answer 30

Thymus

Question 31

Site where most immune responses occur, include lymph nodes, the spleen, and lymphatic nodules.

Answer 31

Secondary lymphatic organs and tissues.

Question 32

The thymus contains large numbers of..

Answer 32

T cells, scattered dendrite cells and macrophages.

Question 33

Thymic macrophages help?

Answer 33

Clear out the debris of dead and dying cells.

Question 34

Lymph nodes are heavenly concentrated near the?

Answer 34

Mammary glands, axillae and groin

Question 35

Single largest single mass of lymphatic tissue in the body..

Answer 35

Spleen

Question 36

Lymphatic tissue, consisting mostly of lymphocytes and macrophages.

Answer 36

White pulp lymphatic tissue

Question 37

Consist of red blood cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells and leukocytes.

Answer 37

Red pulp

Question 38

Within the red pulp the spleen performs three functions related to blood cells...

Answer 38

(1) destroys worn or defective blood cells & platelets. (2) storage of platelets (3) creation of RBCs ( fetal hemopoiesis)

Question 39

Removal of spleen?

Answer 39

Splenectomy

Question 40

Egg-shaped masses of lymphatic tissue that are not surrounded by a capsule.

Answer 40

Lymphatic nodules

Question 41

The epithelial layer secrets a fluid that moistens the surface of a body cavity, traps microbes and foreign substances.

Answer 41

Mucous membranes

Question 42

Physical and chemical barriers are found in?

Answer 42

The skin

Question 43

Mixture of hydrochloric acid, enzymes and mucus in the stomach, destroys many bacteria and most bacterial toxins.

Answer 43

Gastric juices

Question 44

Lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblast infected with viruses produce? Interfere with viral reproduction of a cell.

Answer 44

Interferons

Question 45

Enhance other immune actions, break cell membranes, attract phagocytes.

Answer 45

Complement system

Question 46

Bind iron and starve bacteria

Answer 46

Transferrins

Question 47

Short peptides that have a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. Lose microbes

Answer 47

Antimicrobial proteins (AMPs)

Question 48

Specialized cells that Perform phagocytosis, the ingestion of microbes or cellular debris.

Answer 48

Phagocytes

Question 49

Two main types of macrophages

Answer 49

Neutrophils and monocytes

Question 50

When infection occurs, neutrophils and macrophages..

Answer 50

Migrate to the affected area