Chapter 25

Question 1

what is a system of mountain ranges on the seafloor separated by valleys

Answer 1

mid-ocean ridge

Question 2

A long narrow depression that forms between peaks along the mid-ocean ridge

Answer 2

rift valley

Question 3

The boundary were two plates collide

Answer 3

convergent plate boundary

Question 4

When a thick and buoyant continental meets a thin and dense oceanic plate, the denser plate dives beneath the continent in the process called ____

Answer 4

Subduction

Question 5

The boundary between two plates that are moving apart

Answer 5

Divergent plate boundary

Question 6

The type of boundary where plates slide horizontally past each other in opposite directions

Answer 6

transform plate boundary

Question 7

Is the sudden movement or vibration of the ground that occurs when rocks slip and slide along huge cracks in the eaths crust called fualts

Answer 7

Earthquacke

Question 8

A crack along the earths crust along which a rock has moved

Answer 8

fualt

Question 9

The sudden release of strain energy as a rock moves along a fault

Answer 9

elastic rebound

Question 10

The point of origin for an earthquake

Answer 10

focus

Question 11

the point on earths surface directly above the focus

Answer 11

epicenter

Question 12

who came up with the continental drift hypothesis

Answer 12

Alfred Wegener

Question 13

what are some evidence for the continental drift hypothesis

Answer 13

1. the continents matched up like a puzzle piece
2. mountain ranges with the same rock type lined up
3. large land animals fossils found

Question 14

what was the name of the super continent

Answer 14

Pangea

Question 15

who came up with the seafloor spreading hypothesis

Answer 15

Harry Hess

Question 16

how did harry Hess discover sea spreading

Answer 16

He used sonar

Question 17

who discovered the MOR or mid-ocean ridge

Answer 17

Harry hess

Question 18

on the ocean floor, where is the newer rock formed

Answer 18

closer to the MOR

Question 19

what are the three types of plate boundaries

Answer 19

1- divergent plate boundary
2-convergent plate boundary
3- transform plate boundary

Question 20

how does convergent plate boundaries move

Answer 20

1- they collide together

Question 21

what type of boundary will subduction occur

Answer 21

convergent plate boundary

Question 22

what types of crusts do we have

Answer 22

continental crust and oceanic crust

Question 23

what type of crust must be present for volcanic activity to occur

Answer 23

Oceanic crust

Question 24

if two continental crust converge what will be created

Answer 24

a mountain

Question 25

if oceanic and continental crusts converge what two land forms can be created

Answer 25

deep sea trench and volcanoes

Question 26

what can be created when two oceanic plates collide

Answer 26

volcanic islands & deeps sea trenches

Question 27

what do hot spots create

Answer 27

volcanic islands

Question 28

how do divergent plate boundaries move

Answer 28

they divide or move away from each other

Question 29

what are examples of a divergent plate boundary

Answer 29

In water it would be an MOR (only oceanic crust) | On land, the East African rift ( only continental crust)

Question 30

How do transform plate boundaries move

Answer 30

They slide horizontally past each other

Question 31

what is an example of a transform plate boundary

Answer 31

The San-Andres fault

Question 32

what is the cooling and heating cycle of magma in the earths mantle called

Answer 32

Convection current

Question 33

what is a convection current

Answer 33

1. magma heats up, becomes less dense, and rises | 2. magma cools, becomes more dense, and sinks

Question 34

which plate boundaries have shallow earthquakes

Answer 34

Divergent and transform

Question 35

which plate boundaries have deeper earthquakes

Answer 35

convergent

Question 36

what are the four types of stress are applied to rocks that can cause earthquakes

Answer 36

compression stress tension stress a shear stress torsion stress

Question 37

what are the 2 types of deformation

Answer 37

elastic deformation and plastic deformation

Question 38

what happens during elastic deformation

Answer 38

when stress is removed it returns to its original form

Question 39

what happens during plastic deformation

Answer 39

what stress is applied it remains in its new shape

Question 40

how many types of seismic waves are there

Answer 40

3 types Primary waves secondary waves surface waves

Question 41

what are the two types of body waves

Answer 41

primary waves (P- waves) and secondary waves (S-waves)

Question 42

What type of wave is a primary wave

Answer 42

A compression wave

Question 43

which body wave moves the fastest

Answer 43

Primary waves

Question 44

what type of materials do P-waves travel through

Answer 44

Solids and liquids

Question 45

what kind of wave is the sencondary wave

Answer 45

transverse waves

Question 46

what kind of material do s-waves travel through

Answer 46

Only solids

Question 47

what types of waves do the most damage

Answer 47

Surface waves

Question 48

what are the two scales used to measure earthquakes

Answer 48

The Richter scale | Mercalli scale

Question 49

what does the Richter scale measure

Answer 49

The amount of energy released

Question 50

What doe the Mercalli scale measure

Answer 50

The amount of damage