chapter 25

Question 1

The _____ movement in England occurred when landowners evicted many of their tenant farmers to use the fields for new farming techniques.

Answer 1

Enclosure

Question 2

Crop ______ allowed for a three-field system of farming that would reduce the exhaustion of soil nutrients.

Answer 2

Rotation

Question 3

The first widespread Industrial Revolution began in this country.

Answer 3

England

Question 4

_______ of production includes land, labor, and capital.

Answer 4

Factors

Question 5

The cloth making industry is called the ______ industry.

Answer 5

Textile

Question 6

This machine was to weave cloth.

Answer 6

Loom

Question 7

The Spinning ______ made thread that was stronger, finer, and more consistent than earlier spinning machines.

Answer 7

Mule

Question 8

Large buildings needing waterpower for manufacturing were called _____.

Answer 8

Factories

Question 9

He invented a new machine to remove cotton seeds from the raw cotton plant.

Answer 9

Whitney

Question 10

_______ is a person who organizes, manages, and takes on the risks of a business.

Answer 10

Entrepreneur

Question 11

He invented a steam engine.

Answer 11

Watt

Question 12

He found a way to mount a steam engine in a boat for power and used it on the Hudson River’s Clermont.

Answer 12

Fulton

Question 13

He developed a new type of road bed that would not be as muddy as previous roads.

Answer 13

McAdam

Question 14

This was an early steam locomotive on the Liverpool-Manchester Railroad.

Answer 14

Rocket

Question 15

This was city building and the movement of people to cities.

Answer 15

Urbanization

Question 16

Epidemics like _____ swept through the industrialized cities of England in the 1840s.

Answer 16

Cholera

Question 17

This Factor of Production often went on strike to obtain better pay and working conditions.

Answer 17

Labor

Question 18

This class consisted of skilled workers, professionals, businesspeople, and wealthy farmers.

Answer 18

Middle

Question 19

The ______ class often watched their livelihoods disappear as machines replaced them.

Answer 19

Working

Question 20

The ______ attempted to disrupt factories with destroying laborsaving machinery that often took their jobs.

Answer 20

Luddites

Question 21

Textile mill city in central England that exploited cheap labor in manufacturing.

Answer 21

Manchester

Question 22

Textile manufacturer in Massachusetts.

Answer 22

Lowell

Question 23

________ played a major role in America’s industrialization leading to cities like Chicago and Minneapolis expanding rapidly during the late 1800s.

Answer 23

Railroads

Question 24

To raise the money, entrepreneurs sold shares of ______, or certain rights of ownership.

Answer 24

Stock

Question 25

Standard Oil Corporation was founded by _____.

Answer 25

Rockefeller

Question 26

______ established a large thread spinning factories in Belgium

Answer 26

Cockerill

Question 27

Germany’s coal and iron ore deposits were found in this region.

Answer 27

Ruhr

Question 28

Industrialization led to a great _______ between the rich and poor classes in society.

Answer 28

Inequality

Question 29

________ refers to the economic policy of letting owners of industry and business set working conditions without interference.

Answer 29

Laissez-faire

Question 30

_____ established the free idea of economics including the law of self-interest, law of competition, and law of supply and demand.

Answer 30

Smith

Question 31

_______ is an economic system in which the factors of production are privately owned and money is invested in business ventures to make a profit.

Answer 31

Capitalism

Question 32

______ believed that wealthy people or the government must take action to improve people’s lives.

Answer 32

Socialists

Question 33

New Harmony in Indiana, in 1825 was intended this community to be perfect living place called a _______.

Answer 33

Utopia

Question 34

______ the factors of production are owned by the public and operate for the welfare of all.

Answer 34

Socialism

Question 35

He wrote the Communist Manifesto.

Answer 35

Marx

Question 36

______ form of complete socialism in which the means of production—all land, mines, factories, railroads, and businesses—would be owned by the people. Private property would in effect cease to exist. All goods and services would be shared equally.

Answer 36

Communism

Question 37

Workers who organized themselves into associations created _____.

Answer 37

Unions

Question 38

He worked diligently to abolish slavery in the British Empire.

Answer 38

Wilberforce

Question 39

She worked in the United States for women’s rights.

Answer 39

Addams

Question 40

He led the movement to reform education in Massachusetts.

Answer 40

Mann