Chapter 26 Flashcards
26 -1 & 26 -2
（ ）です。熱(ねつ)も ありますから、帰(かえ)ります。
①きぶんが いい
②きぶんが わるい
③あたまが いい
④あたまが わるい
②きぶんが わるい
“I feel ( ). I also have a fever, so I’m going home.”
- きぶんが いい (feeling good) – Doesn’t make sense because the person has a fever and is going home.
- きぶんが わるい (feeling bad) – Correct, because feeling unwell + having a fever justifies going home.
- あたまが いい (smart) – Irrelevant to the context of feeling sick.
- あたまが わるい (head is bad / not smart) – While it can mean “not smart,” it can also mean “headache,” but きぶんが わるい is more natural for general sickness.
道(みち)で 財布(さいふ)を（ ）から、交番(こうばん)に 届(とど)けました。
①すてました
②ひろいました
③だしました
④かたづけました
②ひろいました
“I ( ) a wallet on the street, so I turned it in to the police box.”
- すてました (threw away) – Doesn’t make sense because you wouldn’t throw away a wallet and then report it to the police.
- ひろいました (found/picked up) – Correct, because finding a lost wallet is a common reason to take it to the police.
- だしました (took out) – Doesn’t fit, as it implies taking something out of a bag/pocket, not finding it on the street.
- かたづけました (cleaned up/put away) – Doesn’t fit the context of reporting a lost item.
寝坊(ねぼう)しましたから、（ ）。
①おくれません
②おくれませんでした
③まに あいませんでした
④まに あいました
③まに あいませんでした
“Because I overslept, ( ).”
- おくれません (will not be late) – Incorrect, because 寝坊しました (overslept) implies that being late is likely, not avoided.
- おくれませんでした (was not late) – Incorrect, because oversleeping usually leads to being late, so this contradicts the natural consequence.
- まに あいませんでした (did not make it in time) – Correct, because oversleeping logically results in not arriving on time.
- まに あいました (made it in time) – Incorrect, because this would mean the opposite (that despite oversleeping, the person still arrived on time, which is unlikely without further context).
Why is ③ the best choice?
まに あいませんでした is a natural and common phrase meaning “didn’t make it in time.”
It matches the cause-effect relationship: 寝坊しました (overslept) → まに あいませんでした (didn’t make it in time).
困(こま)ったら、（ ）連絡(れんらく)して ください。
①たぶん
②よく
③いつでも
④ぜんぜん
③いつでも
“If you’re in trouble, ( ) contact me.”
- たぶん (maybe) – Incorrect, because it sounds uncertain (“maybe contact me?”), which doesn’t fit the supportive tone of the sentence.
- よく (often) – Incorrect, because “contact me often if you’re in trouble” is unnatural. The focus is on availability, not frequency.
- いつでも (anytime) – Correct, because it means “contact me anytime (if you’re in trouble),” showing open availability for help.
- ぜんぜん (not at all) – Incorrect, as it would negate the sentence (“don’t contact me at all”), which is the opposite of the intended meaning.
Why ③ いつでも is the best choice?
It conveys an open invitation for help (“feel free to contact me anytime”).
It naturally follows 困ったら (“if you’re in trouble”).
すみません、きょうは 大切(たいせつ)な（ ）が ありますから、帰(かえ)ります。
①さいふ
②ようじ
③つごう
④ごみ
②ようじ
“I’m sorry, but I have an important ( ) today, so I’m going home.”
- さいふ (財布 / wallet) – Incorrect. While you might have an important wallet, it doesn’t make sense as a reason to go home (“I have an important wallet” is unnatural).
- ようじ (用事 / errand, matter, business) – Correct. 大切な用事 (“important matter/errand”) is a common and natural phrase used when you have something important to attend to (e.g., a personal commitment, appointment, or responsibility).
- つごう (都合 / circumstances, convenience) – Incorrect. While 都合が悪い (“inconvenient”) is common, 大切な都合 is unnatural in this context.
- ごみ (ゴミ / trash) – Incorrect. “Important trash” makes no sense in this sentence.
Why ② ようじ is the best choice?
用事 refers to something you need to do (an errand, appointment, or personal matter).
大切な用事 is a polite and natural way to explain why you must leave early.
The structure ～がありますから、帰ります (“I have ___, so I’m going home”) fits perfectly with 用事.
すみません、帰(かえ)っても いいですか。頭(あたま)が（ ）んです。
①痛(いた)くない
②痛(いた)いだ
③痛(いた)いな
④痛(いた)い
④痛(いた)い
“Excuse me, may I go home? My head ( ).”
- 痛くない (not in pain) – Incorrect, because if the head doesn’t hurt, there’s no reason to ask to go home.
- 痛いだ – Incorrect, because 痛い is an adjective and does not take だ in this context.
- 痛いな – Incorrect, because な makes it sound like an emotional remark (“my head hurts, huh…”), which doesn’t fit the request to leave.
- 痛い (hurts) – Correct, because 頭が痛いんです is the natural way to say “my head hurts” as a reason for leaving.
Why ④ 痛い is the best choice?
頭が痛い is the standard phrase for “I have a headache.”
The ～んです form adds explanatory emphasis, making it clear this is the reason for the request.
すてきな 時計(とけい)ですね。だれに（ ）んですか。
①もらう
②もらった
③もらわない
④もらわなかった
②もらった
“That’s a nice watch. Who ( ) it from?”
- もらう (receive - present/future) – Incorrect, because the watch is already in possession, so the receiving action must be past tense.
- もらった (received - past) – Correct, because the speaker is asking about a past action (who gave you the watch).
- もらわない (do not receive) – Incorrect, because this would mean “Who didn’t give it to you?”, which doesn’t fit the context.
- もらわなかった (did not receive) – Incorrect, same as above but in past tense.
Why ② もらった is the best choice?
もらった is the past tense of もらう (to receive), matching the context of receiving the watch in the past.
The ～んですか ending implies asking for an explanation about a past event.
どうして ケーキを（ ）んですか。
・・・ダイエットを して いるんです。
①食(たべ)て
②食(たべ)ない
③食(たべ)れば
④食(たべ)よう
②食(たべ)ない
“Why ( ) cake?”
“…Because I’m on a diet.”
- 食べて (eat - te form)
Incorrect. This would mean “Why are you eating cake?” but the response is about NOT eating (due to dieting).
Doesn’t match the diet explanation.
- 食べない (not eat)
Correct. The question is “Why aren’t you eating cake?” which perfectly matches the response about dieting.
～ない + んですか is a natural way to ask for reasons behind negative actions.
- 食べれば (if eat)
Incorrect. This conditional form doesn’t fit a “why” question.
Would mean something like “Why if you eat cake?” which is unnatural.
- 食べよう (let’s eat)
Incorrect. This volitional form can’t be used in a “why” question like this.
Would mean “Why let’s eat cake?” which makes no sense.
Key Points:
The response ダイエットをしているんです explains a reason for NOT doing something.
Only 食べない logically matches this negative context.
The ～ないんですか pattern is commonly used to ask reasons for not doing something.
この ラーメン、お湯ゆを 入いれてから、何分なんぷんくらい（ ）んですか。
・・・5分ふんです。まだ 食たべる ことは できませんよ。
①待まつ
②待まった
③待またない
④待またなかった
①待まつ
“For about how many minutes should ( ) after adding hot water to this ramen?”
“…5 minutes. You can’t eat it yet.”
- 待つ (wait - dictionary form)
Correct. The question is asking about the required waiting time (how long to wait).
The dictionary form + んですか is used to ask for instructions or necessary actions.
- 待った (waited - past tense)
Incorrect. This would mean “how long did you wait?”, which doesn’t match the context of asking for instructions.
- 待たない (not wait)
Incorrect. This would mean “how long do you not wait?”, which doesn’t make sense in this context.
- 待たなかった (did not wait - past negative)
Incorrect. Similar to option 3, this doesn’t fit the context of asking for required waiting time.
Why ① 待つ is correct?
The question is asking how long to wait before the ramen is ready to eat.
The response 5分です indicates the required waiting time, confirming that the question was about the necessary action (waiting).
The dictionary form + んですか is commonly used when asking for procedures or necessary actions.
どうして 遅(おく)れたんですか。
・・・電車(でんしゃ)に（ ）んです。すみません。
① 間(ま)に合(あ)う
②間(ま)に合(あ)わない
③間(ま)に合(あ)った
④間(ま)に合(あ)わなかった
④間(ま)に合(あ)わなかった
“Why were you late?”
“…Because I ( ) the train. I’m sorry.”
- 間に合う (to be on time - dictionary form)
Incorrect. The dictionary form doesn’t match the past context of being late.
- 間に合わない (not to be on time - present negative)
Incorrect. While negative, this is present tense, but the situation is about a past event.
- 間に合った (was on time - past affirmative)
Incorrect. This would mean “I caught the train,” which contradicts being late.
- 間に合わなかった (was not on time - past negative)
Correct. This means “I missed the train,” which explains the reason for being late.
Why ④ 間に合わなかった is correct?
The question asks for a past reason (遅れたんですか).
The answer must logically explain the lateness, which is “missing the train” (電車に間に合わなかった).
The ～んです construction is used to give explanations or reasons, which fits perfectly here.
どうしたんですか。
・・・（ ）んです。ちょっと 休やすみます。
①きぶんが いい
②きぶんが わるい
③あたまが いい
④まにあう
②きぶんが わるい
“What’s wrong?”
“…I ( ). I’ll rest a little.”
- きぶんが いい (feeling good)
Incorrect. If you feel good, you wouldn’t need to rest.
- きぶんが わるい (feeling bad)
Correct. This explains why the person needs to rest (not feeling well).
- あたまが いい (smart)
Incorrect. This is unrelated to needing rest.
- まにあう (to be on time)
Incorrect. Doesn’t make sense in this context.
Why ② きぶんが わるい is correct?
The question どうしたんですか asks what’s wrong.
きぶんが わるい naturally explains feeling unwell, which matches the action of resting.
This is a common expression when someone isn’t feeling well.
そこに ごみが あります。（ ）ください。
①ひいて
②まにあって
③おくれて
④ひろって
④ひろって
“There is trash there. Please ( ).”
① ひいて (引いて) – means “to pull” or “to subtract.” This doesn’t make sense in this context.
② まにあって (間に合って) – means “to be in time” or “to manage.” This is unrelated to trash.
③ おくれて (遅れて) – means “to be late.” This also doesn’t fit the context.
④ ひろって (拾って) – means “to pick up” (e.g., trash).
The most natural and logical choice is 「拾って」, making the full sentence:
「そこに ごみが あります。拾ってください。」
“There is trash there. Please pick it up.”
寝坊(ねぼう)しましたから、授業(じゅぎょう)に（ ）。
①おくれませんでした
②さがしませんでした
③まに あいませんでした
④みませんでした
③まに あいませんでした
“Because I overslept, I ( ) for class.”
① おくれませんでした (遅れませんでした) – means “I was not late.” This contradicts the fact that the speaker overslept.
② さがしませんでした (探しませんでした) – means “I did not search.” This doesn’t make sense here.
③ まに あいませんでした (間に合いませんでした) – means “I did not make it in time.” This fits perfectly because oversleeping would cause someone to be late or miss class.
④ みませんでした (見ませんでした) – means “I did not see/watch.” This is unrelated.
The most natural choice is 「間に合いませんでした」, making the full sentence:
「寝坊しましたから、授業に間に合いませんでした。」
“Because I overslept, I didn’t make it to class on time.”
きぶんが わるいですから、帰(かえ)っても いいですか。
①体(からだ)の 調(ちょう子し)が よくないですから、
②おなかが すきましたから、
③元気(げんき)に なりましたから、
④忙(いそが)しいですから、
①体(からだ)の 調(ちょう子し)が よくないですから、
(“Because I’m feeling unwell, may I go home?”)
① 体の調子がよくないですから – “Because my physical condition isn’t good.”
This matches perfectly, as 「気分が悪い」 often refers to physical sickness (e.g., dizziness, nausea).
② おなかがすきましたから – “Because I’m hungry.”
Hunger doesn’t usually justify leaving early unless it’s severe (e.g., low blood sugar), but it doesn’t directly match 「気分が悪い」.
③ 元気になりましたから – “Because I’ve recovered.”
This is the opposite—if someone feels better, they wouldn’t ask to go home.
④ 忙しいですから – “Because I’m busy.”
Being busy doesn’t relate to feeling unwell.
Why is ① the best answer?
「体の調子がよくない」 is a natural and polite way to say you’re physically unwell, making it a valid reason to ask to leave.
It aligns with 「気分が悪い」, which often implies nausea, dizziness, or general sickness.
「ようじ」
①どこかで 友達(ともだち)に 会(あ)う ようじを なくして しまいました。
②ようじが あるので そろそろ 失礼(しつれい)します。
③北海道(ほっかいどう)の ホテルを ようじしました。
④火曜日(かようび)の 朝(あさ)８時(じ)までに ようじを 捨(す)ててください。
②ようじが あるので そろそろ 失礼しつれいします。
The word 「ようじ（用事）」 means “errand / something to do / business (matter that needs attention)”.
Let’s analyze each option:
① どこかで 友達に 会う ようじを なくして しまいました。
Incorrect. 「ようじ」 does not mean an object that can be lost. The sentence tries to use it as if it were a physical item (like a memo), which is unnatural.
② ようじが あるので そろそろ 失礼します。
Correct! This is a natural and common way to say, “I have something to do, so I’ll be leaving now.”
「ようじがある」 is a standard phrase meaning “I have an errand / business to attend to.”
③ 北海道の ホテルを ようじしました。
Incorrect. 「ようじする」 is not a verb meaning “to reserve.” The correct verb for booking a hotel would be 「予約（よやく）する」.
④ 火曜日の 朝８時までに ようじを 捨ててください。
Incorrect. 「ようじ」 does not mean “garbage.” The correct word for trash is 「ごみ」.
すみません、帰(かえ)っても いいですか。頭(あたま)が（ ）んです。
①痛(いた)く
②痛(いた)いだ
③痛(いた)いな
④痛(いた)い
④痛いたい
(“Excuse me, may I go home? My head ( ).”)
① 痛く (itaku) – This is the adverbial form (“painfully”), but it doesn’t fit here because we need a plain adjective to describe the head.
② 痛いだ (itai da) – Incorrect. 「痛い」 is already an adjective, so adding 「だ」 is grammatically wrong.
③ 痛いな (itai na) – The 「な」 makes it sound like an emotional exclamation (“My head hurts, huh…”), which doesn’t fit the context of politely asking to leave.
④ 痛い (itai) – Correct! This is the plain form of the adjective, which is natural when followed by 「んです」 (explanation/emphasis).
Why is ④ correct?
「頭が痛いんです」 is a natural and polite way to say “My head hurts” when giving a reason.
「んです」 adds a tone of explanation, making it suitable for requests like this.
会議(かいぎ)に 間(ま)に合(あ)いませんでした。新幹線(しんかんせ)んが（ ）んです。
①遅(おく)れた
②遅(おく)れます
③遅(おく)れる
④遅(おく)れない
①遅(おく)れた
“I didn’t make it to the meeting on time. Because the Shinkansen ( ).”
① 遅れた (okureta) – Correct! This is the past tense (“was delayed”), which matches the context (the Shinkansen’s delay caused the lateness).
② 遅れます (okuremasu) – Present/future tense (“will be delayed”), which doesn’t fit because the delay already happened.
③ 遅れる (okureru) – Dictionary form (“to be delayed”), but the sentence requires past tense.
④ 遅れない (okurenai) – Negative form (“is not delayed”), which contradicts the meaning.
Why is ① correct?
「新幹線が遅れたんです」 means “The Shinkansen was delayed”, explaining the reason for being late.
「んです」 is used to give an explanation, so the verb must be in past tense to match 「間に合いませんでした」.
この（ ）（ ）（ ★ ）（ ）んですか。
①チケット
②が
③コンサートは
④いる
この（ ③コンサートは）（ ①チケット）（ ★ ②が ）（ ④いる）んですか。
(Literally: “As for this concert, are tickets needed?”)
(Natural English: “Do I need tickets for this concert?”)
Explanation of the Order:
③ コンサートは - Topic marker 「は」 indicates that the concert is the topic of discussion.
① チケット - The object (what is needed).
② が - Subject marker, showing that tickets are the subject of the verb.
④ いる - The verb meaning “to need” (used for inanimate objects like tickets).
んですか - Adds an explanatory tone, making it a polite question.
Why This Order Works:
In Japanese, the structure often follows [Topic] は [Subject] が [Verb].
Here, the concert is the topic, tickets are the subject, and “need” is the action.
The sentence naturally flows as a question about ticket requirements.
どうして メールを 見(み)ないんですか。
・・・すみません、携帯(けいたい)を（ ）んです。
①みた
②ある
③ひろった
④なくした
④なくした
The conversation is:
A: 「どうしてメールを見ないんですか。」 (“Why aren’t you checking your email?”)
B: 「・・・すみません、携帯を（ ）んです。」 (“Sorry, because I ( ) my phone.”)
① みた (mita) – “looked at” → Doesn’t make sense (they can’t check email because they looked at their phone?).
② ある (aru) – “have” → Incorrect grammar (「携帯がある」 means “I have a phone,” which doesn’t explain why they can’t check email).
③ ひろった (hirotta) – “found” → Illogical (finding a phone wouldn’t prevent email checking).
④ なくした (nakushita) – Correct! “lost” → The only logical reason: if they lost their phone, they can’t check email.
Why ④ is correct:
「携帯をなくしたんです」 means “I lost my phone”, which directly explains why they can’t see the email.
This is a common real-life situation and a natural response in Japanese.
きょうは 燃(も)える（ ）の 日ひです。
びんは 水曜日(すいようび)に 出(だ)して ください。
①かん
②かみ
③ごみ
④ガス
③ごみ
(“Today is ( ) day for burnables. Please put out bottles on Wednesday.”)
We need a word that fits logically with 「燃える」 (moeru, “burnable”) and refers to a category of waste.
① かん (kan) – “cans” → Non-burnable (usually recycled separately).
② かみ (kami) – “paper” → Technically burnable, but 「燃えるごみ」 is the standard term (paper is included under burnable waste).
③ ごみ (gomi) – Correct! “trash” → 「燃えるごみ」 (moeru gomi) = “burnable trash” (common waste classification in Japan).
④ ガス (gasu) – “gas” → Illogical (not related to waste disposal).
Why ③ is correct:
「燃えるごみ」 is the standard term for burnable waste (e.g., food scraps, paper, small non-recyclables).
The second sentence clarifies that bottles (びん) are collected separately (on Wednesday), which contrasts with burnable trash.
( ）会社(がいしゃ)で 働(はたら)いて います。
①ほん
②スーパー
③くるま
④りょこう
④りょこう
(“I work at a ( ) company.”)
① ほん (hon) – “book” → 「本会社」 is not a standard term for a company.
② スーパー (super) – “supermarket” → While 「スーパー」 is a place where people work, it doesn’t fit well with 「会社」 (company).
③ くるま (kuruma) – “car” → 「車会社」 is not a natural way to say “car company” (the correct term would be 「自動車会社」).
④ りょこう (ryokou) – Correct! “travel” → 「旅行会社」 (ryokou gaisha) means “travel agency,” a common and natural phrase.
Why ④ is correct:
「旅行会社で働いています」 is a natural way to say “I work at a travel agency.”
「旅行」 pairs perfectly with 「会社」 to form a standard compound noun.
2時間(じかん)も 掃除(そうじ)したんですが、部屋(へや)が 全然(ぜんぜん)（ ）。
①ひろいません
②すてません
③かたづきません
④さがしません
③かたづきません
(“I cleaned for 2 hours, but the room still isn’t ( ) at all.”)
We need a verb that expresses the result (or lack of result) of cleaning.
① ひろいません (hiroimasen) - “don’t pick up” → Doesn’t make sense in this context
② すてません (sutemasen) - “don’t throw away” → Doesn’t fit the context
③ かたづきません (katazukimasen) - Correct! “doesn’t get tidied up” → Perfectly matches the context of cleaning without results
④ さがしません (sagashimasen) - “don’t search” → Completely irrelevant
Why ③ is correct:
「片付く」 (katazuku) means “to become tidy/neat”
The negative form 「片付きません」 expresses that despite cleaning, the room isn’t getting tidy
This is a very natural way to express frustration after cleaning without visible results
自転車(じてんしゃ)置場(おきば)は ごみ置場(おきば)の（ ）に あります。
①じてんしゃ
②よこ
③へや
③たな
②よこ
(“The bicycle parking area is ( ) the garbage area.”)
We need a word that indicates spatial relationship between the two areas.
① じてんしゃ (jitensha) - “bicycle” → Doesn’t indicate position
② よこ (yoko) - Correct! “beside/next to” → Shows proper spatial relationship
③ へや (heya) - “room” → Doesn’t fit the context
④ たな (tana) - “shelf” → Irrelevant to locations
Why ② is correct:
「横」 means “side” or “next to”
This is the most natural way to describe the position between two adjacent areas
The sentence means “The bicycle parking area is next to the garbage area”
Full Sentence:
「自転車置き場はごみ置き場の横にあります。」
(“The bicycle parking area is next to the garbage area.”)
Additional Notes:
This is a common way to describe locations in Japanese
Other position words like 前 (mae - front) or 後ろ (ushiro - back) would also work grammatically, but weren’t options
The particle 「に」 is correctly used to indicate location
資料(しりょう)が 欲(ほ)しいんです（ ）、送(おく)って いただけませんか。
①は
②に
③を
④が
④が
(“I want the materials, ( ) could you please send them?”)
① は (wa) – Topic marker → Doesn’t fit here (no contrast or topic shift needed).
② に (ni) – Direction/time marker → Doesn’t make sense in this context.
③ を (wo) – Direct object marker → Already used with 「欲しい」, so redundant.
④ が (ga) – Correct! Subject marker → Used to connect clauses with 「～が、…」 = “I want X, so could you…?”
Why ④ is correct:
「～が」 is commonly used to make polite requests after stating a desire.
The structure 「欲しいんですが、…」 softens the request, making it more natural.
Example:
「資料が欲しいんですが、送っていただけませんか。」
(“I’d like the materials—could you send them, please?”)
