Chapter 28 Flashcards

1
Q

ガムを(   )。
①かけます
②かみます
③かよいます
④すいます

A

②かみます

“to chew gum.”

Here’s why the other options are incorrect:
① かけます - means “to hang” or “to put on” (like glasses), not used with gum
②かみます - means “to chew gum.”
③ かよいます - means “to commute” or “to attend regularly”
④ すいます - means “to smoke,” which is not the correct verb for gum

The verb かみます (kamimasu) is specifically used for chewing gum or other chewable things.

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2
Q

きのう 大好(だいすき)な (   )の コンサートへ 行(い)きました。
①いしゃ
②きょうし
③かしゅ
④けんきゅうしゃ

A

③かしゅ

(“Yesterday, I went to a concert of my favorite (   ).”)

① いしゃ (isha) – “doctor” → Doesn’t perform at concerts.

② きょうし (kyoushi) – “teacher” → Unrelated to concerts.

③ かしゅ (kashu) – Correct! “singer” → The most logical performer at a concert.

④ けんきゅうしゃ (kenkyuusha) – “researcher” → Not a concert performer.

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3
Q

わたしの 趣味(しゅみ)は(   )を 読(よ)む ことです。
①しょうせつ
②ばんぐみ
③はなび
④えいが

A

①しょうせつ

(“My hobby is reading (   ).”)

① しょうせつ (shousetsu) – Correct! “novels” → Commonly read as a hobby.

② ばんぐみ (bangumi) – “TV programs” → You watch them, not read.

③ はなび (hanabi) – “fireworks” → You view them, not read.

④ えいが (eiga) – “movies” → You watch them, not read.

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4
Q

カリナさんは 水曜日(すいようび)の 夜(よる)、料理教室(りょうりきょうしつ)に かよって います。
①カリナさんは 料理教室(りょうりきょうしつ)に 一度(いちど) 行(い)ったことがあります。
②カリナさんは 料理(りょうり)を 習(なら)っています。
③カリナさんは 料理教室(りょうりきょうしつ)に 行(い)きたいです。
④カリナさんは 毎日(まいにち) 料理(りょうり)を 作(つく)っています。

A

②カリナさんは 料理(りょうり)を 習(なら)っています。

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5
Q

「びよういん」
①熱(ねつ)が ありますから、びよういんに 行(い)きます。
②びよういんで かみを 切(き)ります。
③びよういんは 食事(しょくじ)を する ところです。
④チケットが ありますから、びよういんで 有名(ゆうめい)な絵(え)を 見(み)ましょう。

A

②びよういんで かみを 切(き)ります。

「びよういん」 (biyouin) means “hair salon” or “barber shop,” a place where you get your hair cut or styled.

② is correct because it means “I will get my hair cut at the hair salon.” (かみを 切ります = “to cut hair”)

Why the others are wrong:
① (熱がありますから、びよういんに行きます。)

Incorrect because “having a fever” (熱があります) is unrelated to a hair salon. You’d go to a hospital (病院, びょういん) instead.

③ (びよういんは食事をするところです。)

Incorrect because a hair salon is not a place to eat (食事をする). That would be a restaurant (レストラン).

④ (チケットがありますから、びよういんで有名な絵を見ましょう。)

Incorrect because a hair salon is not a place to see famous paintings (有名な絵). That would be a museum (美術館, びじゅつかん).

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6
Q

いっしょに ダンス(   )踊(おど)りませんか。
①を
②が
③に
④へ

A

①を

“Would you like to dance together?”

Explanation:
を (o) is the object marker in Japanese and is used to indicate the direct object of a verb.

Here, ダンス (dance) is the object of the verb 踊る (to dance), so を is correct.

Why the others are wrong:
② が (ga) – Marks the subject, but ダンス is not the subject here.

③ に (ni) – Indicates direction or target (e.g., “go to a place”), but not used with dancing.

④ へ (e) – Also indicates direction (like “toward”), but not used with verbs like 踊る.

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7
Q

写真(しゃしん)を(   )ながら 説明(せつめい)します。
①見(み)せます
②見(み)せる
③見(み)せ
④見(み)せて

A

③見(み)せ

“I will explain while showing the pictures.”

Explanation:
ながら (nagara) means “while doing ~” and requires the verb stem (ます-stem) before it.

見せる (miseru, “to show”) → 見せ (mise, stem form) + ながら → 見せながら (while showing).

Why the others are wrong:
① 見せます (misemasu) – Polite form, cannot be used before ながら.

② 見せる (miseru) – Dictionary form, incorrect before ながら.

④ 見せて (misete) – Te-form, used for requests or sequential actions, not ながら.

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8
Q

先生(せんせい)の(   )(   )( ★ )(   )して ください。
①を
②話(はなし)
③聞(き)きながら
④メモ

A

先生(せんせい)の(②話(はなし))(  ①を  )( ★ ③聞(き)きながら )(  ④メモ  )して ください。

“Please take notes while listening to the teacher’s explanation.”

Breakdown of the sentence structure:
先生の話 (sensei no hanashi) – “the teacher’s explanation” (Noun phrase, topic)

を (o) – Object marker (indicates what is being listened to)

聞きながら (kikinagara) – “while listening” (聞く = “to listen,” ながら = “while”)

メモして (memo shite) – “take notes” (メモする = “to take notes”)

ください (kudasai) – Polite request (“please”)

Why this order is correct:
を must come after the object (話) → 話を

ながら must follow the verb stem (聞き) → 聞きながら

メモして is the main action (taking notes) done while listening

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9
Q

ガムを(   )、人(ひと)の 話(はなし)を 聞(き)いては いけません。
①もちながら
②まちながら
③のみながら
④かみながら

A

④かみながら

“You must not listen to someone while chewing gum.”

Explanation:
かみながら (kaminagara) means “while chewing” (from かむ, kamu – “to chew”).

The sentence is about chewing gum (ガムをかむ), so かみながら is the correct choice.

Why the others are wrong:
① もちながら (mochnagara) – Means “while holding” (irrelevant to gum).

② まちながら (machinagara) – Means “while waiting” (incorrect context).

③ のみながら (nominagara) – Means “while drinking” (gum is not drunk).

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10
Q

きのう 大好(だいすき)な(   )の コンサートへ 行(い)きました。

①いしゃ
②きょうし
③かしゅ
④けんきゅうしゃ

A

③かしゅ

(“Yesterday, I went to a concert of my favorite (   ).”)

① いしゃ (isha) – “doctor” → Doesn’t perform at concerts.

② きょうし (kyoushi) – “teacher” → Unrelated to concerts.

③ かしゅ (kashu) – Correct! “singer” → The most logical performer at a concert.

④ けんきゅうしゃ (kenkyuusha) – “researcher” → Irrelevant here.

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11
Q

わたしの 趣味(しゅみ)は (   )を 読(よ)む ことです。
①しょうせつ
②ばんぐみ
③けいけん
④えいが

A

①しょうせつ

(“My hobby is reading (   ).”)

① しょうせつ (shousetsu) – Correct! “novels” → A common item people read as a hobby.

② ばんぐみ (bangumi) – “TV programs” → You watch these, not read.

③ けいけん (keiken) – “experience” → Not something you read.

④ えいが (eiga) – “movies” → Also watched, not read.

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12
Q

カリナさんは 大学(だいがく)に(   )います。
①べんきょうして
②かよって
③はたらいて
④あんないして

A

②かよって

(“Karina is (   ) university.”)

① べんきょうして (benkyou shite) – “studying” → Incorrect particle (should be 「で」, not 「に」).

② かよって (kayotte) – Correct! “attending” → 「大学に通う」 means “to attend university” regularly.

③ はたらいて (hataraite) – “working” → 「大学ではたらく」 (work at university) would use 「で」.

④ あんないして (annai shite) – “guiding” → Doesn’t fit the context.

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13
Q

最近(さいきん)、(   )ことを する 人(ひと)が 多(おお)くて、困こまります。  
①まじめな
②ねっしんな
③ちょうどいい
④へんな

A

④へんな

(“Lately, many people do (   ) things, and it’s troubling.”)

① まじめな (majime na) – “serious/hardworking” → Positive trait; doesn’t fit “困ります.”

② ねっしんな (nesshin na) – “enthusiastic” → Also positive; illogical here.

③ ちょうどいい (choudo ii) – “just right” → Doesn’t cause trouble.

④ へんな (hen na) – Correct! “strange/weird” → Naturally explains why the speaker is bothered.

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14
Q

仕事(しごと)を しながら 日本語(にほんご)学校(がっこう)(   )通(かよ)って います。

①で
②を
③に
④が

A

③に

(“While working, I attend Japanese language school (   ).”)

We need the correct particle to mark the destination (school) with the verb 「通う」 (kayou, “to attend/commute”).

① で (de) – Location of action → Incorrect (e.g., “study at school” would use 「で」, but 「通う」 requires 「に」).

② を (wo) – Direct object → Incorrect (used for passing through spaces, e.g., 「道を歩く」, not institutions).

③ に (ni) – Correct! Destination marker → 「学校に通う」 = “to attend school.”

④ が (ga) – Subject marker → Incorrect (would imply the school itself is doing something).

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15
Q

本(ほん)を(   )ながら 料理(りょうり)します。
①見(み)て
②見(み)る
③見(み)ます
④見(み)

A

④見(み)

(“I cook while (   ) a book.”)

We need the verb stem to connect with 「ながら」, which means “while doing [something].”

① 見て (mite) – Te-form → Used for sequential actions, not 「ながら」.

② 見る (miru) – Dictionary form → Incorrect; must be stem form.

③ 見ます (mimasu) – Polite form → Cannot combine with 「ながら」.

④ 見 (mi) – Correct! Stem form of 「見る」 → 「見ながら」 = “while watching/reading.”

Why ④ is correct?
Rule: 「ながら」 attaches to the stem of verbs (remove 「る」 from ru-verbs / 「ます」 from polite forms).

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16
Q

先生(せんせい)の 話(はなし)を(   )ながら メモして ください。
①聞(き)き
②聞(き)け
③聞(き)く
④聞(き)きて

A

①聞(き)き

(“Please take notes while (   ) the teacher’s explanation.”)

We need the verb stem to connect with 「ながら」, which means “while doing [something].”

① 聞き (kiki) – Correct! Stem form of 「聞く」 (kiku, “to listen”) → 「聞きながら」 = “while listening.”

② 聞け (kike) – Imperative/conditional form → Incorrect for 「ながら」.

③ 聞く (kiku) – Dictionary form → Cannot combine with 「ながら」.

④ 聞きて (kikite) – Archaic/incorrect te-form → Modern Japanese uses 「聞いて」.

Why ① is correct?
Rule: 「ながら」 attaches to the stem of verbs:

For u-verbs like 「聞く」: Replace 「~く」 with 「き」 → 「聞き+ながら」.

For ru-verbs like 「見る」: Replace 「る」 with 「」 → 「見+ながら」.

17
Q

(   )ながら 運転(うんてん)しては いけません。
①電話(でんわ)
②電話(でんわ)し
③電話(でんわ)して
④電話(でんわ)の

A

②電話(でんわ)し

(“You must not drive while (   ).”)

We need the verb stem to connect with 「ながら」, meaning “while doing [something].”

① 電話 (denwa) – Noun (“phone”) → Incorrect; needs a verb.

② 電話し (denwa shi) – Correct! Stem of 「電話する」 (to call) → 「電話しながら」 = “while calling.”

③ 電話して (denwa shite) – Te-form → Used for sequential actions, not 「ながら」.

④ 電話の (denwa no) – Possessive → Doesn’t form a verb phrase.

Why ② is correct?
Rule: 「ながら」 attaches to the stem of verbs:

「する」→「し」+「ながら」 = 「しながら」.

Example: 「勉強しながら」 (while studying).

「電話しながら運転する」 is a common phrase meaning “to drive while calling.”

18
Q

(   )ながら 歌(うた)います。
①おどら
②おどる
③おどり
④おどって

A

③おどり

(“I sing while (   ).”)

We need the verb stem to connect with 「ながら」, which means “while doing [something].”

① おどら (odora) – Potential/conditional form → Incorrect.

② おどる (odoru) – Dictionary form → Cannot combine with 「ながら」.

③ おどり (odori) – Correct! Stem form of 「踊る」 (odoru, “to dance”) → 「踊りながら」 = “while dancing.”

④ おどって (odotte) – Te-form → Used for sequential actions, not 「ながら」.

Why ③ is correct?
Rule: 「ながら」 attaches to the stem of verbs:

For u-verbs like 「踊る」: Replace 「~る」 with 「り」 → 「踊り+ながら」.