Chapter 26

Question 1

What is a participle?

Answer 1

an -ing word like eating or sleeping

Question 2

True or False: In English a participle is a verbal adjective

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What does it mean to say that a participle is a verbal adjective?

Answer 3

it has verbal characteristics

Question 4

Because a participle is a verbal adjective, it shares the characteristics of

Answer 4

both verbs and adjectives

Question 5

Participle similarities to verbs

Answer 5

have tense (aorist, present, perfect) and voice (active, middle, passive)

Question 6

Participle similarities to adjectives

Answer 6

agrees with the noun it modifies in case, number, and gender

Question 7

How is a participial phrase formed?

Answer 7

the participle has modifiers like the direct object or the adverb

Question 8

Is word order often critical when thinking about a participial phrase in Greek?

Answer 8

Yes, much like in English

Question 9

Are participles common and important in Greek?

Answer 9

yes

Question 10

What patterns do participles follow?

Answer 10

first, second, and third declension inflected patterns

Question 11

What types of verbs can a participle be built on?

Answer 11

any type of verb

Question 12

How do you form a participle?

Answer 12

start with verb, sometimes add a connecting vowel, add participle morpheme and case endings

Question 13

What is a morpheme?

Answer 13

smallest unit of meaning in the formation of a word

Question 14

What is the key to understanding the meaning of participles?

Answer 14

recognize that their significance is primarily one of aspect (i.e. type of action)

Question 15

present participle

Answer 15

continuous action and formed from present stem of a verb

Question 16

aorist participle

Answer 16

describes action with no commentary on nature of action (undefined) and is formed from aorist stem of a verb

Question 17

perfect participle

Answer 17

completed action with present effects and formed from perfect stem of a verb

Question 18

2 basic uses of a participle

Answer 18

1 - adverbial participle, 2 - adjective participle

Question 19

adverbial participle

Answer 19

the action described by participle is primarily pointed to the verb

Question 20

adjectival participle

Answer 20

action described by participle is primarily modifying a noun or pronoun

Question 21

What is key to memorize in regards to the verbal side of the participle?

Answer 21

morphemes: present - vt, aorist - vt, perfect - ot

Question 22

True or False: The adverbial participle can be active, middle, passive, or deponent (if corresponding verb is)

Answer 22

true

Question 23

What does it mean if the adverbial participle is active?

Answer 23

the word its modifying is doing the action of the participle

Question 24

What does it mean if the adverbial participle is passive?

Answer 24

the word its modifying is receiving the action

Question 25

What does it mean if the adverbial participle is deponent?

Answer 25

the verb its built on is deponent

Question 26

What does the adjectival participle agree with when forming?

Answer 26

the noun it modifies in case, number, and gender (makes it easy to match the noun and participle)

Question 27

True or false: a participle has other characteristics it shares with a verb

Answer 27

true

Question 28

Can a participle have a direct object in the accusative?

Answer 28

yes

Question 29

Can a participle have modifiers such as prepositional phrases, adverbs, etc?

Answer 29

Yes

Question 30

What is normally used in the indicative to show negation?

Answer 30

ou

Question 31

What is normally used to indicate negation with participles?

Answer 31

mu and eta

Question 32

True or False: a participle uses personal verb endings

Answer 32

false

Question 33

Why do participles not need personal verb endings?

Answer 33

they are not a finite verbal form and therefore not limited by subject

Question 34

What 8 things must be remembered in regards to parsing participles?

Answer 34

tense, voice, participle, case, number, gender, lexical form, meaning of inflected form