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Bio-211 > CHAPTER 3 > Flashcards

CHAPTER 3 Flashcards

(56 cards)

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1
Q

EPITHELIAL TISSUE

A

epithelium sheet of cells that covers a body surface or lines a body cavity

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2
Q

General forms

A

covering lining

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3
Q

General functions

A

outer layer of skin lines open cavities of eurogenital, digestive, and respiratory. covers organ walls of closed cavities

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4
Q

Special characteristics

A

glandular- secretory tissue

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5
Q

Polarity

A

2 surfaces. smooth and slick

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6
Q

Protection

A

underlying tissue from mechanical injury

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7
Q

Absorption

A

lining small intestine

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8
Q

Filtration

A

kidney

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9
Q

Excretion

A

sweat glands

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10
Q

Secretion

A

glands secrete enzymes, hormones, lubricating fluids

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11
Q

Sensory reception

A

specialized cells detect stimuli

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12
Q

Apical Surface

A

upper- free exposed to body exterior or to cavity of internal organ

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13
Q

Microvilli

A

fingerlike extensions of plasma membrane increase surface area, intestines/ kidney tubules; fuzzy brush border

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14
Q

Cilia

A

lining of trachea tiny hair like projections that propel substances along free surfaces

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15
Q

Basal surface

A

lower-attached, glycoprotein and collagen fibers lies adjacent to basal surface

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16
Q

Basal lamina

A

noncellular thin supporting sheet adhesive selective filter

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17
Q

Specialized contacts

A

tight junctions, desmosomes found between adjacent cells lateral

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18
Q

Supported by connective tissue

A

epithelial rests upon

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19
Q

Reticular lamina

A

layer of extracellular material containing a fine network of collagen fibers that belong to connective tissue

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20
Q

Basement membrane

A

formed from 2 laminae basal and reticular help resist stretching and tearing defines boundary

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21
Q

Avascular but innervated

A

no blood vessels must be nourished by diffusion from underlying connective tissue supplied by nerve fibers

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22
Q

Regeneration

A

high capacity

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23
Q

Classification

Study These Flashcards
A

all have 2 names, 1st indicate number of cell layers, 2nd indicates shape of cells

24
Q

Simple epithelia

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A

single layer of cells found where absorption, secretion, or filtration occurs

25
Stratified epithelia
two or more layers of cells where cells stacked on top of each other. high abrasion where protection is important. mouth/ skin surface. shape can change with more layers.
26
Squamos cells
flattened scale like cells
27
Cuboidal cells
box like cells
28
columnar cells
tall and column shaped
29
simple sqaumous epithelium
single layer of flattened cells with disc shaped central nuclei and sparce cytoplasm the simplest of epthelia
30
simple squamous epithelium- function
allows passage of materials by diffusion and filtration in sites where protection is not important, secretes lubricating substances in serosae
31
simple squamous epithelium- location
kidney glomeruli, air sacs of lungs, lining of heart, blood and lymphatic vessels, lining of ventral body cavity (serosae)
32
Endothelium
specific name. lining lymphatic, blood, and heart vessels
33
Mesothelium
serous membranes that are lining ventral body and covering its organs
34
simple cuboidal epithelium
single layer of cube-like cells with large spherical central nuclei
35
simple cuboidal epithelium- functions
secretion and absorption
36
simple cuboidal epithelium- location
kidney tubules, ducts and secretory portions of small glands, ovary surface
37
simple columnar epithelium
single layer of tall cells with round to oval nuclei, some cells bear cilia, layer may contain mucus secreting unicellar glands (goblet cells)
38
simple columnar epithelium- function
absorption, secretion of mucus, enzymes, and other substances, ciliated type propels mucus(or reproductive cells) by ciliary action
39
simple columnar epithelium- location
non-ciliated type lines most of the digestive tract (stomach to anal canal), gallbladder and excretory ducts of some glands, ciliated variety lines small bronchi, uterine tubes, and some regions of the uterus
40
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
single layer of cells differing heights, some not reaching free surface, nuclei seen at different levels, may contain mucus secreting cells and bear cilia
41
Psueudostratified columnar epithelium- function
secretion, particularly of mucus, propulsion of mucus by ciliary action
42
Pseudostratified columnar epthelium- location
nonciliated type in males sperm carrying ducts and ducts of large glands, ciliated variety lines the trachea, most of the upper respiratory tract
43
Stratified squamos epithelium
thick membrane composed of several cell layers, basal cells are cuboidal or columnar and metabolically active, surface cells are flattened (squamos) In the keratinized type, the surface cells are full of keratin and dead, basal cells are active in mitosis and produce the cells of the more superficial layers
44
Stratified squamos epithelium- function
protects underlying tissues in areas subject to abrasion
45
Stratified squamos epithelium- location
non keratinized type forms the moist linings of the esophogus, mouth, and vagina
46
stratified squamos epithelium- location
forms the epidermis of skin, a dry membrane, nuclei/ living
47
Stratified cuboidal epithelium (rare)
sweat, mammary glands
48
Stratified columnar epithelium
limited distribution throughout body
49
Transitional epithelium
resembles stratified squamos and stratified cuboidal basal cells. cuboidal or columnar surface cells dome shaped or squamos like, depending on degree of origin stretch
50
Transitional epithelium- function
stretches readily and permits distension of urinary organ by contained urine
51
Transitional epithelium- location
lines the ureters, urinary bladder, and part of the urethra
52
Glandular epithelia
consist of one or more cells that make and secrete a secretion of water based fluid that usually contains proteins, lipids, or steroids
53
Glandular epithelia- classification
according to traits, location, and number of cells
54
location of glandular secretion
internally secreting (interstitial fluid or blood)
55
endocrine
gland secretes hormone into blood externally onto surface or into cavity
56
exocrine
uses duct to secrete to body surface or cavity

Bio-211 (28 decks)

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