Chapter 3 Flashcards
(111 cards)
1
Q
Physiological needs (body)
A
(Food, shelter, activity, sleep, comfort)
Food
H20
Protection and shelter
Activity
Sleep
Rest
Comfort
2
Q
Psychosocial needs (mental health)
A
(love, acceptance, security, independence, socializing, self esteem) Love and affection
Acceptance
Safety and security
Self reliance and independence
Contact with others
Success and self esteem
3
Q
What affects psychological needs?
A
Health and well-being
4
Q
Sexual needs continue for
A
Rest of lives
5
Q
Masturbation
A
Touch or rub sexual organs to give pleasure
6
Q
Hierarchy of needs
A
Physiological
Safety and security
Love
Self esteem
Self actualization
7
Q
What should you do if you find sexual encounters where 2 adults consent.
A
Give privacy and leave
8
Q
What should you do if a resident wants to visit a religious leader?
A
Report to nurse
9
Q
What should you do if a religious leader arrives
A
Allow for privacy
10
Q
Holistic care
A
Caring for mind and body. Whole person
11
Q
When bathing residents you should
A
Take time to talk to them
12
Q
Losses resident might be experiencing
A
Spouse
Work
Go to favorite place
Church
Home and personal possessions
Health and independence
Pets
Loss of acceptance lgbtq
13
Q
Independence
A
Not relying money, ADLs, social activities
14
Q
Feelings that occur when you lose independence
A
-poor self image
-anger towards caregivers, others self
-helplessness, sadness, hopelessness,
-useless
Anxiety and depression
15
Q
Cultural diversity
A
Variety of people with different backgrounds and experiences living together
16
Q
Race
A
Physical characteristics shared by common ancestry
17
Q
Ethnicity
A
Race, culture, nationality, language
18
Q
Activity
A
Improves and maintains physical and mental health
19
Q
Meaningful activities improve
A
Independence
Memory
Self esteem
Quality of life
20
Q
Physical activity regulates
A
Risk of heart disease
Colon cancer
Diabetes
Obesity
Anxiety
Depression
Mood
Concentration
Body function
Risk of falls
Sleep quality
Ability to cope with stress
Increase energy
Increase appetite and eating habits
21
Q
Inactivity and immobility cause
A
Low self esteem
Anxiety
Depression
Boredom
Pneumonia
Utis
Skin breakdown pressure sores
Constipation
Blood clots
Dulled senses
22
Q
Obra requires
A
Activities program
23
Q
Nuclear family
A
2 parents children
24
Q
Extended family
A
Parents, children, grandchildren, grandparents, aunts
Uncles, friends
25
Blended families
Divorced or widowed parents
26
How does family help resident
Making decisions
Communicating with care team
Giving support and encouragement
Connecting to outside
Assurance that traditions and memories will be valued
27
NAs cannot discuss resident's care with
Family
28
Infancy
Birth-12 mos
29
In one year a baby moves from
Total dependence, to moving around, communicating basic needs, feeding themselves
30
Physical development in infancy moves from
The head down
31
Toddler
1-3 yrs
Gain independence
Speak, limb coordination, bathroom training
Learn they are individuals
Control parents through tantrums
32
Preschool
3-5 yrs
Words and language skills
Socializing
Right and wrong
Care for themselves
33
School age
5-10
Cognitive and social development
Explore world, peer groups, class activities
Conscience, morals, self esteem
34
Cognitive
Related to thinking and learning
35
Preadolescence
10-12
Self identity and identity with peers.
Puberty starts
Childhood fears give way to real world fears
36
On average girls start puberty
One year before boys
37
12-18
Sexual maturity
Peer acceptance
Pressures as dependent but social and sexual maturity starts
38
Young adulthood
18-40
Physical growth is done
Adopt healthy lifestyle
Psychological and social development continues
39
Tasks of young adulthood
Selecting education/occupation
Selecting mate
Learning to live with mate or others
Raising children
Developing satisfying sex life
40
Middle adulthood
40-65
Major life decisions already made
Body ages
Weight gain
Less strength and energy
Body functions slow down
Diseases and illnesses appear
41
Late adulthood
Adjust to effects of aging
Loss of health, strength,
Death of loved ones
Retirement
Preparation for own death
Can last as much as 25-35 years
42
Ageism
Prejudice towards elderly people
43
Normal changes of aging
Thinner, drier skin,
More fragile, less elastic
-weak muscles
-lost bone density
-sensitivity of nerve endings in skin
-slower reflexes
-short term memory loss
- weakened senses
-Less efficient heart pumps
--weakened lungs and lung capacity
-oxygen in blood decreases
-less appetite
-moves frequent bathroom breaks
-digestion takes longer
hormone levels decrease
-immunity weakens
-lifestyle changes occur
44
Is loss of logic a normal part of aging?
No
45
Is poor nutrition a normal part of aging?
No
46
Is shortness of breath a part of aging?
No
47
Is incontinence a part of aging?
No
48
Developmental disabilities
Present at birth or appear during childhood up to age 22
Chronic condition.
Restricts mental and physical activity
49
Intellectual disability
Mental retardation
Not mental disorder or disease
Below average development and mental function
Difficulty learning, communicating and moving
50
Teach ADLs to mentally disabled by
Breaking tasks down into smaller tasks
51
Depressive disorders
Loss of interest in everything.
Lessened ability to work, sleep and eat, causes physical and mental pain. Makes illnesses worse
52
Symptoms of depression
Pain
Low energy
Apathy
Anxiety
Irregardless eating
Sleeplessness
Withdrawal
Trouble concentrating
53
Bipolar disorder
Mood swings energy levels
54
Manic episodes
Extreme activity
55
Anxiety disorder
Anxious all the time without knowing why
56
Symptoms of anxiety
Shaking
Sweating
Muscle aches
Cold clammy hands
Dizziness
Chest pain
Rapid heart beat
Cold or hot flashes
Choking or smothering sensation
Dry mouth
57
GAD generalized anxiety disorder
Chronic anxiety and worry even when no reason for concern. Excessively worried about health, finances, work.
58
Panic disorder
Panic attacks regularly
Intense fear+ rapid heart beat dizziness, shortness of breath
59
Social anxiety disorder
Intense anxiety and discomfort in social situations
60
Phobia
Irrational fear of something
61
OCD
Intrusive behavior or thoughts that cause anxiety or stress. Repeatedly does actions
62
PTSD
Witnessing traumatic event
SA
Physical assault
Combat
Reliving trauma through flashbacks, bad dreams or thoughts.
63
Symptoms of PTSD
Constantly tense
Easily startled
Trouble sleeping
Anger
Irritability
64
Schizophrenia
Can't think or communicate effectively,
Manage emotions, make decisions, understand reality. Interact with others
65
Hallucinations
False, distorted sensory perceptions. See things that aren't there. Hear convo that isn't happening
66
Delusions
Persistent false beliefs
Other people are controlling thoughts
67
Psychotherapy
Talking about one's problems
68
CBT
Used to treat anxiety and behavior. Focuses on skills and solutions a person can use to modify negative thinking and behavior patterns
69
Intellectual disability vs mental health disorder
Mental health disorders can sometimes be cured, intellectual disabilities can't.
Mental health disorder doesn't always affect mental ability
70
Terminal illness
Eventually causes death
71
Preparing for death affects dying person's
Emotions and behavior
72
Grief
Deep distress or sorrow over loss. Adaptive or changing process
Involves healing
73
Five stages of death and dying
Denial
Anger
Bargaining: make promises to God or caregivers
Depression
Acceptance
74
Advance directives
Medical care they wish to have if can't decide themselves. Name someone else to make decisions if Ill or disabled.
Living wills and power of attorneys
75
Living will
Outlines medical care a person wants or does not want in case unable to decide..
Not same as will. Directs healthcare professionals.
76
Durable power of attorney for healthcare
Health care proxy
Signed dated and witnessed legal document.
Appoints someone else to make medical decisions. Can include instructions about treatment person does not want.
77
DNR order
Do not resuscitate
Don't perform CPR
78
What influences attitudes about death?
Experiences with death
Personality type
Religious beliefs
Cultural background
79
How do you care for dying resident
-diminished senses
-care of mouth and nose
-Skin care: bed baths and incontinence care
-pain control and comfort. Reposition look for signs
- environment: favorite objects. Comfortable, appropriately lit, well ventilated.
-emotional and spiritual support
80
When resident is dying you should pay attention to:
Resident's last words, comments about fear.
81
When resident is dying you should not
Avoid resident
Deny death
Do not say God knows when it's time for everyone
Tell nurse if other residents have questions about resident that passed.
82
If someone requests religious leader while dying you should
Tell nurse immediately
83
When is someone legally dead?
No pulse
No BP
No respirations
84
Signs of approaching death
Blurry vision
Unfocused eyes
Impaired speech
Diminished sense of touch
Loss of movement muscle tone and feeling
Rising or below normal body temperature
Decreased BP
Weak pulse
Cheyne-stokes respirations
Rattling or gurgling
Cold pale skin
Mottling
Sweat
Incontinence
Disorientation
85
Cheyne-stokes respirations
Rapid shallow respirations along with periods of not breathing
86
Rigor mortis takes place between
2-6 hrs after death
87
Postmortem care
Care of body after death. Declared dead by nurse or Dr
88
When giving post mortem care don't
Pull out tubes
89
Hospice care
Special care for dying person
Treats physical
Emotional
Spiritual and social needs
Given with Dr order 25/7
90
Palliative care
Comfort and dignity of resident
Palliative care
People with serious chronic diseases
91
Dying residents should feel ____ as long as possible
Independent
92
Dying person's bill of rights
Not die alone
Be free from pain
Not be deceived
Retain individuality
93
Legal rights of dying residents
-refuse
-privacy
-visitors
94
Can be very important. Holding a dying resident's hand can be comforting
Touch
95
NAs should not discuss their ____ or spiritual beliefs with residents
Religious
96
Apathy
Lack of interest in activities
97
4 guidelines for caring for residents with intellectual disabilities
1. Repeat
2. Praise
3. Break down ADLs
4. Encourage socializing
98
Things affected by developmental disabilities
ADLs
Communication
Learning
Movement
Socializing
Self care
99
What is family
Support of one another
100
One type of cancer that regular physical activity lessens risk of
Colon
101
Type of infection that can come from inactivity
UTI
102
Ability to cope with this is one benefit of regular activity
Stress
103
Before activities begin, something NAs can help residents with
Grooming
104
Something increased by regular activity in addition to promoting better eating habits
Appetite
105
Abbreviation for federal law requiring that facilities provide an activities program that meets the interests of residents
OBRA
106
A loss of independence can cause increased
Dependence
107
NAs should encourage _____regardless of how long it takes
Self care
108
5 physiological needs
Food H2O
Protection
Activity
Sleep and rest
Comfort
109
6 basic psychosocial need
1. Love
2. Acceptance
3. Safety and security
4. Independence
5. Socializing
6. Self esteem
110
Name 2 types of advance directives
Power of attorney and living will
111
Who declares people dead?
Dr or nurse
