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Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

A computer is a combination of components that perform input, processing, output, storage, and control functions

A

Computer system

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2
Q

. The main processing component of a computer
system

A

CPU

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3
Q

A measure of computer speed in terms of processor cycles

A

Cycles per second

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4
Q

Devices for consumers to access the Internet.

A

Information appliance

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4
Q

The memory of a computer

A

Primary storage unit

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4
Q

Magnetic disks and tape and optical disks perform
this function

A

Secondary storagE

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4
Q

Input/output and secondary storage devices for a computer system.

A

Peripherals

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5
Q

Connected to and controlled by a CPU.

A

Online

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6
Q

Separate from and not controlled by a CPU

A

Offline

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7
Q

Results from the presence or absence or change in direction of electric current, magnetic fields, or light rays in computer circuits and media

A

Binary representation

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8
Q

. A common computer interface using a desktop metaphor and icon

A

Graphical user interface

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9
Q

Can be a desktop/laptop or handheld computer.

A

Microcomputer

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10
Q

A computer category between microcomputers and mainframes

A

Midrange system

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11
Q

A small, portable magnetic disk encased in a thin plastic shell.

A

Floppy disk

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12
Q

A large-capacity disk typically found in computer systems.

A

Hard disk

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12
Q

Low-cost microcomputers for use with the Internet and corporate intranet

A

Network computer

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13
Q

A redundant array of inexpensive hard drives.

A

RAID (redundant array of
independent disks)

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14
Q

A terminal that depends on network servers for its software and processing power.

A

Network termina

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15
Q

A computer that manages network communications and resources

A

Network server

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16
Q

The most powerful type of computer.

A

Supercomputer

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17
Q

A magnetic tape technology for credit cards.

A

Magnetic stripe

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18
Q

One-billionth of a second.

A

Nanosecond

18
Q

Roughly 1 billion characters of storage.

19
Q

Includes electronic mice, trackballs, pointing
sticks, and touch pads

A

Pointing devices

20
Early midrange systems used for processing-intensive applications such as scientific research and engineering analysis.
Minicomputer
21
The largest of the three main types of computers
Mainframe system
22
processor power measured in terms of number of instructions processed.
MIPS (million instructions per second)
23
The prediction that computer power will double approximately every 18 to 24 months.
Moore’s law
24
Promises to be the easiest, most natural way to communicate with computers
Speech recognition
25
Capturing data by processing light reflected from image
Optical scanning
26
The speed of a computer.
Processing spee
27
One one-thousandth of a second.
Millisecond
28
1,024 bytes.
Kilobyte
29
A device with a keyboard and a video display networked to a computer is a typical example.
Computer terminaL
30
The amount of data a storage device can hold.
Storage capacity (
31
A personal computer used as a technical workstation.
Workstation computer
32
The smallest unit of data storage.
Bit (
33
One trillion bytes
Terabyte
34
You cannot erase the contents of these storage circuits.
ROM (read-only memory
35
The memory of most computers consists of these storage circuits.
RAM (random-access memory)
36
The property that determines whether data are lost or retained when power fails.
Volatility
37
Each position of storage can be accessed in approximately the same time
dIRECT ACESS
38
Each position of storage can be accessed according to a predetermined order
Sequential accesS
39
Microelectronic storage circuits on silicon chips.
Semiconductor memory
40
Uses magnetic spots on metal or plastic disk
Magnetic disks
41
Uses magnetic spots on plastic tape.
Magnetic tape
42
Uses a laser to read microscopic points on plastic disks.
Optical disks
43
A millionth of a second.
Microsecond
44
A trillionth of a second.
Picosecond
45
A grouping of eight bits that represents one alphabetic or special character
Byte
46
A short-range wireless technology most commonly used to tag, track, and identify obj
RFID (radio frequency identification)
47
Around a million bytes; more precisely, 2 to the 20th power.
Megabyte
48
A unit of information or computer storage is equal to one quadrillion bytes, or 1,024 terabytes.
Petabyte

IS Prelims (14 decks)

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