Chapter 3 Flashcards
(52 cards)
All the body’s cells live in_____
water
cells
the smallest units of life
cells’ most basic needs
energy and oxygen
how often do DP cells lining the digestive tract replace themselves?
3 days
how often do some skin and red blood cells replace themselves
10-120 days
enzymes
proteins that speed up specific chemical reactions
structural proteins
non-enzyme proteins of cells,
fat cells
cells that specialize in the storage of fat and form the fat tissue.
inborn error of metabolism
a genetic variation present from birth that may result in disease.
phenylketonuria (PKU)
an inborn error of metabolism that interferes with the body’s handling of phenylalanine
body’s circulating fluids
blood and lymph
where does blood travel
arteries, veins, capillaries & heart chambers
where does lymph travel
Its own vessels
plasma
the cell-free fluid part of blood and lymph.
extracellular fluid
fluid residing outside the cells that transports materials to and from the cells.
intracellular fluid
fluid residing inside the cells that provides the medium for cellular reactions.
aorta
the large artery that conducts oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the circulatory system.
which vessels in the intestine pick up fat present in a meal
lymph
the lymphatic system helps activate and transport______
lymphocytes
lymphocytes
white blood cells that participate in the immune response.
hormones
chemicals secreted by glands into blood in response to conditions that require regulation
functions of hormones
- regulate hunger + appetite
- Carry messages to regulate the digestive system in response
- Influence appetite changes during a woman’s menstrual cycle/ pregnancy
- Regulate the body’s reaction to stress, suppressing hunger and digestion.
The sensations of hunger and appetite are perceived by the brain’s
cortex (thinking outer layer)
what compounds do glands release when danger is detected
epinephrine and norepinephrine.
