Chapter 3 Flashcards
(16 cards)
Proprietorship
Definition: the new settlements in Carolina, New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania- the Restoration Colonies.
Significance: The Duke of York and William Penn owned all the land in their new colonies and could rule them as they wished, provided that their laws conformed broadly to those of England.
Quakers
Definition: an equally- minded protestant section (also known as the Society of Friends).
Significance: William Penn later joined the Quakers and designed Pennsylvania as a refuge for the Quakers.
Navigation Acts
Definition: required that goods be carried on ships owned by the English or colonial merchants.
Significance: To prevent english goods to be sold other foreign markets.
Dominion of New England
Definition: The Lords of Trade revoked the charters of Connecticut and Rhode Island and merged them with Massachusetts Bay and Plymouth to form a new royal providence.
Significance: To decrease the Puritan Revolts.
Glorious Revolution
Definition: sparked rebellions by Protestant colonists in Massachusetts, Maryland, and New York, nearly bloodless coup led by William of Orange.
Significance: Angered colonists as they proposed for a constitutional monarchy whose powers expense the british crown.
Tribalization
Definition: the adaptation of stateless peoples to the demands imposed on them by neighboring states.
Significance: Rapidly killed swaths of native communities, spread Eurasian diseases, and disproportionately victimizing the old and the very young.
Covenant Chain
Definition: Iroquois spokesman met regularly with the representatives of New York and New France to affirm their alliances and receive diplomatic gifts and brandy. Their neutrality, paradoxically, made them more sought after as allies.
Significance: became a model for relations between the British Empire and other Native American peoples.
South Atlantic System
Definition: produced sugar, tobacco, rice, and other tropical and subtropical products for an international market.
Significance: brought prosperity to British North America, while they achieved a measure of political autonomy that became the essential to their understanding of what it meant to be British subjects. & Slavery
Stono Rebellion
Definition: The Catholic governor of Spanish Florida instigated the revolt by promising freedom to fugitive slaves. By February 1739, a least 69 slaves had escaped to St. Augustine and rumors circulated “that a Conspiracy was formed by Negroes in Carolina to rise and make their way out of the province.”
Significance: the largest slave uprising in the mainland colonies
Gentility
Definition: a refined but elaborate lifestyle.
Significance: Changed the lifestyle of whites in the English colonies to act aristocratic.
Salutary Neglect
Definition: British colonies during the reigns of George I and George II allowed the rise of American self-government as royal bureaucrats, pleased by growing trade and import duties, relaxed their supervision of internal colonial affairs.
Significance: Created a more organized and well situated government system.
William Penn
Definition: Joined the Quakers, designed Pennsylvania as a refuge for the Quakers, who were persecuted by England because they refused to serve in the military or pay taxes to support the Church of England. Penn spent more than two years in prison in England for preaching his beliefs.
Significance: Penn’s colony was marked by unity of purpose: all who came hoped to create a prosperous neo-European settlement that approximated the social and economic systems they knew at home.
John Locke
Definition: a political philosopher who wrote, “Two Treaties on Government”. He rejected the divine-right monarchy celebrated by James II, arguing that the legitimacy of government rests on the consent of the governed and that individuals have inalienable natural rights to life, liberty, and property
Significance: Locke’s celebration of individual rights and representative government had a lasting influence in America, where many political leaders wanted to expand powers of the colonial assembles.
Edmund Andros
Definition: appointed by James II, a hard- edged former military officer. Andros abolished the existing legislative assemblies. Andros also banned town meetings, angered villagers who prized local self-rule, advocated public worship of the Church of England, and provided new deeds to colonists if they paid an annual fee.
Significance: His orders received by the British Parliament sparked the Glorious Revolution against the rulings of the royal crown.
Middle Passage
Definition: overcrowded ships that carried the African slaves to the New World.
Significance: Slaves died in large numbers due to malnutrition, disease, and poor treatment of the passengers.
Treaty of Aix- la- Chapelle
Definition: a treaty that returned the fort at Louisbourg back to France after the fort was captured by Anglo-Americans.
Significance: The English rightfully won the battle and seized the land, but the treaty granted France to take it back.
