Chapter 3

Question 1

__________ The total of all cellular reactions and includes chemiclal pathways that result in the synthesis of molecules.

Answer 1

Metabolism

Question 2

_________ metabolism is the synthesis of molecules

Answer 2

Anabolic

Question 3

________ metabolism is the breakdown of molecules.

Answer 3

Catabolic

Question 4

____________ is the breakdown of food to energy.

Answer 4

Bioenergetics

Question 5

Compounds that contain carbon are consided ________

Answer 5

Organic

Question 6

Compounds that do no contain carbon are considered ___________

Answer 6

inorganic

Question 7

Reactons that require that energy be added to the reactons

Answer 7

Endergonic Reactions

Question 8

Reactons that give off energy as a result of chemical processes are known as _________ Reactions

Answer 8

exergonic reactions

Question 9

________ _________ are reactions that are linked, with the liberation of free energy in one reactoin being used to “drive” a second reaction

Answer 9

Coupled Reaction.

Question 10

In redox reactons:

_______ is the removal of an electron from an atom or molecule.

Answer 10

Oxidation

Question 11

In redox reactions:

the addition of an electron to an atom or moleucle is a _________

Answer 11

Reduction

Question 12

In redox Recations:

The molecule that accepts the electrons is called the _________ agent.

Answer 12

Oxidizing Agent

Question 13

In redox Recations:

The molecule that donates the electrons is called the _________ agent.

Answer 13

Reducing Agent

Question 14

Transfer of H⁺ also know as the carrier molecule

Answer 14

NAD⁺ & FAD

Question 15

________ speed reactons by decreasing activation energy.

Answer 15

Enzymes

Question 16

The _____ and _____ model of enzyme action:

1. substrates A & B approaches the active sites on the enzyme.
2. Substrates fit into the active sites, forming enzyme-substrate complex.
3. The enzyme relaseses the products C and D

Answer 16

The LOCK and KEY Model of Enzyme Action

Question 17

_____ ______: the more products you have the reactons are going to lean more to the products rather than the reactants?

(need better explaning)

Answer 17

Mass Action

Question 18

An incrase in temp = Greater or less enzyme activity?

Answer 18

Greater enzyme activity.

Question 19

What is normal body temp?

Answer 19

37^{° C}

Question 20

What is normal PH?

Answer 20

7.4

Question 21

PH will increase or Decrease during exercise?

Answer 21

Decrease

Question 22

Teh optimal PH range for enzyme activity is ______

Answer 22

7.4-8 PH

Question 23

__________-complex, non-protein,organic mlecules that associate closely with an enzyme.

Ex. B vitamins and Mg⁺⁺

Answer 23

Coenzymes

Question 24

___________

1:2:1 Ratio of C,H & O

Contains 4kcal/g

-Glucose- Blood Sugar

Answer 24

Carbohydrates

Question 25

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the animal form of carbohydrates. ## Footnote - Glucose polymer - Glycogenesis- glycogen synthase - Glyogenolysis-glycogen phosphorylase - Storage

Answer 25

**Glycogen**

Question 26

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_- Breaks down glyogen and glucose. Enzyme used: Glycogen Phosphorylase.

Answer 26

**Glycogenolysis**

Question 27

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_- synthesizes glyogen and glucose. Enzyme used: **glycogen synthase**

Answer 27

**Glycogenesis**

Question 28

\_\_\_\_\_ have a greater Carbon:Oxygen Ratio than CHO

Answer 28

**Fats**

Question 29

\_ kcals/g fat

Answer 29

9

Question 30

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Storage of fats

Answer 30

**Triglycerides**

Question 31

What enzymes break down Fat?

Answer 31

**Lipolysis-Lipases.**

Question 32

We store more ____ in the body?

Answer 32

**Fats**

Question 33

\_\_\_\_ are the most efficient fuel.

Answer 33

Fats

Question 34

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ contain - 1glycerol + 3 Free Fatty Acids(FFAs) - The enzyme used are called lipases

Answer 34

**Triglycerides**

Question 35

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ are long chains of amino acids(aa's)

Answer 35

**Proteins**

Question 36

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ proteins have to be obtained from the diet.

Answer 36

**Essential Proteins**

Question 37

\_\_\_ _______ proteins are produced by the body

Answer 37

**Non-Essential**

Question 38

Nitrogen is removed by the _____ cycle which cost energy.

Answer 38

**Urea Cycle**

Question 39

2-3% of energy at rest comes from \_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 39

**Proteins**

Question 40

\_\_ kcal/g protein

Answer 40

**4**