Chapter 3

Question 1

Inflected Language

Answer 1

The functions of the words within a particular sentence are determined not by word order, but by various endings that are placed on each word.

Question 2

If you want to change the meaning of a Latin or Greek sentence, what do you have to do?

Answer 2

Change the ending of the word.

Question 3

declension

Answer 3

The variation of the form of a noun, pronoun, or adjective, by which its grammatical case, number, and gender are identified

Question 4

case

Answer 4

Each change of form that occurs

Question 5

How many cases for nouns and adjectives are there in Latin?

Answer 5

6

Question 6

How many declensions for nouns and adjectives are there in Latin?

Answer 6

5

Question 7

How is each declension identified?

Answer 7

By the ending found in the genitive case

Question 8

What is the genitive case?

Answer 8

possessive

Question 9

What is the nominative case?

Answer 9

subject

Question 10

What is the first declension?

Answer 10

It is identified by -ae in the genitive case.

Question 11

What is the second declension?

Answer 11

It is identified by -i in the genitive case.

Question 12

What is the third declension?

Answer 12

It is identified by -is in the genitive case.

Question 13

What is the fourth declension?

Answer 13

It is identified by -ūs in the genitive case.

Question 14

What is the fifth declension?

Answer 14

It is identified by -ei in the genitive case.

Question 15

Almost all English derivatives are from what?

Answer 15

The stem of Latin nouns and adjectives.

Question 16

Are verbs inflected like nouns and adjectives?

Answer 16

Yes

Question 17

What are the inflections of verbs called?

Answer 17

conjugations

Question 18

What do the changes in verb endings indicate?

Answer 18

person, tense, voice, and mood

Question 19

What does it mean when a conjugation indicates the person?

Answer 19

first, second, or third person

Question 20

What does it mean when a conjugation indicates the tense?

Answer 20

time of action

Question 21

What does it mean when the conjugation indicates voice?

Answer 21

active of passive

Question 22

What does the use of active voice indicate in a Latin sentence?

Answer 22

That the subject of the sentence is doing the action.

Question 23

What does the passive voice indicate in a Latin sentence?

Answer 23

That the subject of the sentence is receiving the action.

Question 24

What does it mean when a conjugation indicates a mood?

Answer 24

indicative, subjunctive, or imperative

Question 25

What does an indicative verb conjugation mean?

Answer 25

action of the verb as a fact

Question 26

What does an imperative verb conjugation mean?

Answer 26

action of a verb as a command

Question 27

What does an subjunctive verb conjugation mean?

Answer 27

action of a verb as a possibility that may or may not occur

Question 28

How many verb conjugations are there in Latin?

Answer 28

4

Question 29

What is the first verb conjugation?

Answer 29

Distinguished by "a" in the infinitive form

Question 30

What is the second verb conjugation?

Answer 30

Distinguished by "ē" in the infinitive form

Question 31

What is the third verb conjugation?

Answer 31

Distinguished by "e" (short with a v on top) in the infinitive form

Question 32

What is the fourth verb conjugation?

Answer 32

Distinguished by "i" in the infinitive form

Question 33

Almost all English derivatives from Latin verbs are formed either from what stems?

Answer 33

The present infinite stem pr form the perfect passive

Question 34

What is the present infinite stem?

Answer 34

The infinitive minus the -re ending

Question 35

What is the perfect passive stem?

Answer 35

The fourth principal part minus the -um ending.

Question 36

deponent verb

Answer 36

a class of Latin verbs that are conjugated with the passive endings only, but have active meanings.

Question 37

What is the conjugation to which each deponent verb identified in?

Answer 37

The infinite form already noted.

Question 38

What is the mark of the passive infinite?

Answer 38

A final -i

Question 39

What is the first conjugation deponent verb distinguished by?

Answer 39

An "a" in the infinitive form

Question 40

What is the second conjugation deponent verb distinguished by?

Answer 40

An "ē" in the infinitive form

Question 41

What is the third conjugation deponent verb?

Answer 41

It loses the "ēr" in the infinitive and retains only the final "i" as the indication of the infinitive.

Question 42

What is the fourth conjugation deponent verb distinguished by?

Answer 42

An "i" in the infinitive form