Chapter 3 Flashcards
(18 cards)
What is an ion?
An atom or group of atoms that are bound together and have an electrical charge
What is an anion?
And ion with a negative charge
What is a cation?
And ion with a positive charge
What is an x-ray?
A form of electromagnetic radiation
What is an alpha particle?
It has four times the mass of helium. And it has a positive charge two times that of an electron.
What is a beta particle?
They are energetic electrons. Their charge is 1^ -1
What are Gamma rays?
And energy that is more penetrating than x-rays. It has a charge of zero.
What is the nucleus?
The center of an Atom where all positive charges and most of the mass is found.
What is an isotope?
An atom with the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons.
What is the mass number?
It is the number of nucleons, or protons+ neutrons combined. It can be found by subtracting the mass number from the nuclear charge, which are the protons.
What is an energy level?
It is a specified energy value for an electron.
What is a quantum?
It is a tiny unit of energy this value depends on the frequency of radiation.
What is the ground state?
The ground state is where the electrons of an atom stay in their lowest possible energy levels.
What is an excited state?
It is when the electron jumps energy levels.
What is a shell? And how do we find out how many electrons go in each shell?
It is an energy level.
2n^2= max number of electrons in said energy level. “N” is the energy level being considered.
What is an orbital?
The volume of space where the electrons reside.
What are valence electrons and where are they found.
How many electrons are in the outermost shell of an atom.
What are anodes and cathodes?
An anode is a positively charged electrode. A cathode is a negatively charged electrode. A way to remember this is “fat cat”.
Electrons…
Flow from
Anode
To
CAThode
