Chapter 3

Question 1

At what age is a child’s brain 75% of its adult weight?

Answer 1

2 years old

Question 2

What does a child’s brain have that makes it moldable like plastic?

Answer 2

Plasticity

Question 3

What is a child’s least developed sense

Answer 3

visual

Question 4

what cortex is the last to mature

Answer 4

Frontal cortex

Question 5

What are the 4 states of arousal? Who came up with them?

Answer 5

Wolff

1. Waking activity
2. crying or distress
3. alert inactivity
4. drowsiness

Question 6

What state of sleep is a baby in if they are limp and in very deep sleep?

Answer 6

Regular or non-REM sleep

Question 7

What state of sleep is a baby in if they go right into it (half of their time is spent here). They also have body movement and their breath rate increases

Answer 7

Irregular or REM sleep

Question 8

Death of apparently healthy child while they are sleeping. What age does this typically occur in? What gender is it most prevalent in and why?

Answer 8

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome:
2-6-month-olds
Males because they have less serotonin binding sites

Question 9

When something becomes familiar and the child doesn’t respond to it

Answer 9

Novelty Paradigm or Habituation

Question 10

Giving a child choices of things to look at and noting which one is more interesting

Answer 10

Preferential-looking paradigm

Question 11

How often should you introduce new food to a baby and why?

Answer 11

Every 2-3 days incase of allergies

Question 12

These are automatic and unlearned to particular stimuli

Answer 12

Reflexes

Question 13

Theses are reflexes you need in order to survive. Name 2

Answer 13

Survival reflexes (ie. sucking and rooting)

Question 14

When a baby throws ares out then sucks them in

Answer 14

Moro primitive reflex

Question 15

Fans toes when the foot is touched

Answer 15

Babinski reflex

Question 16

Baby enters a fencing position

Answer 16

Tonic necks reflex

Question 17

If a baby does not start walking by this age doctors will get concerned

Answer 17

first birthday

Question 18

Name 3 examples of motor skills

Answer 18

1. hand control
2. head control
3. rolling over
4. sitting
5. self-propelling
6. walking

Question 19

He came up with the cognitive-development theory. What was his basic principle?

Answer 19

Piaget; we build mental structure throughout life

Question 20

This is a package of information on a particular topic

Answer 20

schemes

Question 21

This is something that is familiar

Answer 21

assimilation

Question 22

Having to create a new scheme to account for new information

Answer 22

accommodation

Question 23

What are Piaget’s 2 sensorimotor stages

Answer 23

1. circular reactions

2. object permanence

Question 24

Babies wanting the same thing constantly

Answer 24

circular reactions

Question 25

A knowledge that tangible objects continue to exist even when hidden

Answer 25

object permanence

Question 26

This is a type of secondary reaction in kids when they will look in original hiding spot even if it is moved

Answer 26

A not B Error

Question 27

Give 3 examples of invention of New Means through Mental Combinations

Answer 27

1. language 2. object permanence 3. problem solving 4. deferred imitation 5. symbolic play

Question 28

When a child doesn't need to copy someone immediately; they can do it days later

Answer 28

deferred imitation

Question 29

The theory that says that development is a gradual continuous process

Answer 29

continuity

Question 30

The theory that says that development occurs in a series of distinct stages

Answer 30

discontinuity

Question 31

A type of communication-based on symbols incorporated in speech, writing, and signing

Answer 31

Language

Question 32

He believed you were born to learn a language. What is the device he believed you were born with?

Answer 32

Chomsky believed we were all born with a Language Acquisition Device

Question 33

The idea that we reward children for saying words

Answer 33

Behavioral approach

Question 34

This is an interactionist approach were parents will repeat a child but add in extra words

Answer 34

Expansions

Question 35

When parents speak to infants a little differently than older kids

Answer 35

infant-directed speech

Question 36

When is the age of viability?

Answer 36

7 months

Question 37

A type of language where babies only make vowel sounds

Answer 37

cooing

Question 38

A type of language where babies use a consonant and a vowel repeatedly

Answer 38

babbling

Question 39

A type of language where babies use a babble but pair it with another babble

Answer 39

Expressive Jargon

Question 40

A single word that expresses an entire thought

Answer 40

holophrase

Question 41

What is the difference between Referential and expressive children?

Answer 41

Referential children: use speech to label objects | Expressive children: first word is a verb or interactive word

Question 42

At what age does a child say their first word?

Answer 42

10-15 months

Question 43

This type of speech is when children leave out articles and prepositions. They only say the essentials

Answer 43

Telegraphic speech

Question 44

At this age, a child knows about 200 words

Answer 44

Age 2

Question 45

The stage when children use a noun and a verb to communicate. What age is this at?

Answer 45

Two Word Stage; 18-24 months

Question 46

This is when kids can label by hearing the word in context

Answer 46

Fast mapping