Chapter 3 Note cards

Question 1

The cell theory grew out of what improvement

Answer 1

the improvement of the microscope

Question 2

who was the father of biology

Answer 2

Hooke

Question 3

microscopes improve what

Answer 3

improve our understanding

Question 4

what are the three aspects of the cell theory

Answer 4

1. all living things are made of cells
2. all existing cells are produced by other living cells
3. the cell is the basic unit of life

Question 5

name the two types of cells

Answer 5

prokaryotic and eukaryotic

Question 6

what is a prokaryotic cell and list a example

Answer 6

it has no nucleus and no organelles

bacteria

Question 7

what is a eukaryotic cell

Answer 7

has a nucleus and organelles (fungi, animals, plants)

Question 8

What characteristics do both cells share

Answer 8

cells R microscopic
all cells R enclosed by a membrane
all cells are filled with cytoplasm

Question 9

what do all cells have

Answer 9

internal structure

Question 10

what is a Cytosckeleton

Answer 10

a organelle that supports and shapes cells, helps position and transport organelles, assists in cell division, and aids in cell movement

Question 11

what organelle stores genetic information

Answer 11

Nucleus

Question 12

what does protein and lipid synthesis

Answer 12

encompassing reticulum

Question 13

what are the two types of ER

Answer 13

rough and smooth er

Question 14

What links amino acids to form proteins

Answer 14

Ribosomes

Question 15

what are cell membrane bound sacs that hold materials

Answer 15

vesicles

Question 16

what is the transporter of proteins and lipids. put it onto vesicle and ship it to other parts of cells

Answer 16

Golgi Aparatus

Question 17

Power house of the cell, because it provides cell energy

Answer 17

mitochondria

Question 18

fluid filled sacs that hold materials

Answer 18

vacuoles

Question 19

contains enzymes to digest food

Answer 19

lysosomes

Question 20

tubes found in centrosomes

they help divide DNA

Answer 20

centrioles

Question 21

What is the basic unit of life

Answer 21

cell

Question 22

Describe a PLANT cell wall

Answer 22

very rigid structure

Question 23

what is chloroplast

Answer 23

it converts solar energy into chemical energy

Question 24

What is a cell membrane

Answer 24

A barrier that separates a cell from external environment

Question 25

the cell membrane has two phospholipid...what

Answer 25

bi layers

Question 26

what are the cell membranes two functions

Answer 26

forms a boundary between inside and outside of the cell controls passage of materials

Question 27

name some materials embedded in cell membrane

Answer 27

proteins. | cholesterol

Question 28

what is the cell membrane

Answer 28

selectively permeable

Question 29

what are the two type of receptors

Answer 29

intra cellular- inside the cell | membrane receptor- absorbs molecules and transmits it into a cell

Question 30

What does the cell membrane control

Answer 30

what passes through the cell

Question 31

what is on movement across the membrane

Answer 31

passive

Question 32

what is passive movement

Answer 32

when a transport does not require any energy

Question 33

what are the two types of passive transport

Answer 33

diffusion and osmosis

Question 34

what is diffusion

Answer 34

movement of molecules in a fluid or gas from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower cocentration

Question 35

what is osmosis

Answer 35

diffusion of water across semipermeable membrane

Question 36

What is the ability of osmosis to lift or pull a volume of water

Answer 36

osmotic pressure

Question 37

what is a solution within same osmotic pressure as body fluids

Answer 37

isotonic

Question 38

what is a solution that has a higher osmotic pressure than body fluids

Answer 38

hypertonic

Question 39

what is a solution with lower osmotic pressure

Answer 39

Hypotonic

Question 40

what is ur when some molecules can only diffuse through transport proteins

Answer 40

facilitated diffusion

Question 41

what is active transport

Answer 41

cell moving substances against concentration gradient and must use energy

Question 42

active transport is powered by what?

Answer 42

chemical energy and needs transport proteins

Question 43

active transport also helps the cell maintain what

Answer 43

homeostasis

Question 44

what is endocytosis

Answer 44

importing of particles through vesicles

Question 45

what is the difference between pinocyosis and phagocytosis

Answer 45

pino. Carries fluids and phag. carries particles

Question 46

what is exocytosis

Answer 46

exporting of materials from the cell