chapter 3 quiz

Question 0

cognitive neuroscience

Answer 0

the interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition

Question 1

consciousness

Answer 1

our awareness of ourselves and our environments

Question 2

dual processing

Answer 2

the principle that information is often simultaneously processed on separate conscious and unconscious tracks

Question 3

blindsight

Answer 3

a condition in which a person can respond to a visual stimulus without consciously experiencing it

Question 4

letive attention

Answer 4

the focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus

Question 5

inattentional blindness

Answer 5

failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere

Question 6

change blindness

Answer 6

failing to notice changes in the environment

Question 7

circadian rhythm

Answer 7

the biological clock that occur on a 24 hour cycle

Question 8

rem sleep

Answer 8

rapid eye movement sleep, a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur

Question 9

alpha waves

Answer 9

the relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state

Question 10

sleep

Answer 10

periodic, natural loss of consciousness as distinct from unconsciousness resulting from a coma

Question 11

hallucinations

Answer 11

false sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus

Question 12

delta waves

Answer 12

the large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep

Question 13

suprachiasmatic nucleus

Answer 13

a pair of cell clusters in the hypothalamus that responds to light sensitive retinal proteins

Question 14

insomnia

Answer 14

recurring problems in falling or staying asleep

Question 15

narcolepsy

Answer 15

a sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks

Question 16

sleep apnea

Answer 16

a sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings

Question 17

night terrors

Answer 17

a sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified

Question 18

dream

Answer 18

a sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping persons mind

Question 19

manifest content

Answer 19

according to freud, the remembered story line of a dream

Question 20

latent content

Answer 20

according to freud, the underlying meaning of a dream

Question 21

rem rebound

Answer 21

the tendency for rem sleep to increase following rem sleep deprivation

Question 22

hypnosis

Answer 22

a social interaction in which one person suggests to another that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur

Question 23

posthypnotic suggestion

Answer 23

a suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized

Question 24

dissociation

Answer 24

a split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others

Question 25

psychoactive drug

Answer 25

a chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods

Question 26

tolerance

Answer 26

with repeated use, achieving the desired effect requires larger doses

Question 27

addiction

Answer 27

compulsive drug craving and use, despite adverse consequences

Question 28

withdrawal

Answer 28

the discomfort and distress that follow discounting the use of an addictive drug

Question 29

physical dependence

Answer 29

a physiological need for a drug

Question 30

psychological dependence

Answer 30

a psychological need to use a drug

Question 31

depressants

Answer 31

drugs that reduce neural activity and slow body functions

Question 32

alcohol dependence

Answer 32

popularly known as alcoholism, alcohol use marked by tolerance, withdrawal if suspended, and a drive to continue use

Question 33

barbiturates

Answer 33

drugs that depress central nervous system activity, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgement

Question 34

opiates

Answer 34

opium and its derivatives they depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety

Question 35

stimulants

Answer 35

drugs that excite neural activity and speed up body functions

Question 36

amphetamines

Answer 36

drugs that stimulate neural activity

Question 37

nicotine

Answer 37

a stimulating and highly addictive psychoactive drug in tobacco

Question 38

methamphetamine

Answer 38

a powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system, with speeded up body functions and associated energy and mood changes

Question 39

ecstasy

Answer 39

a synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen

Question 40

hallucinogens

Answer 40

psychedelic drugs that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input

Question 41

lsd

Answer 41

a powerful hallucinogenic drug also known as acid

Question 42

near death experience

Answer 42

an altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death

Question 43

thc

Answer 43

the major active ingredient in marijuana