Chapter 3: Respiratory System

Question 1

The process of air movement into and out of the lungs

Answer 1

VENTILATION

Question 2

Pneumonia caused by a virus, spread by an infected person to a non immune individual

Answer 2

VIRAL PNEUMONIA

Question 3

What is bronchiectasis? Is it additive/subtractive/both/neither?

Answer 3

Chronic dilation of the brochi, with inflammation and destruction of bronchial walls and cilia

It is ADDITIVE

Question 4

Mediastinal emphysema

Answer 4

The presence of air or gas in the mediastinum as a result of leakage of air from the bronchial tree.

Question 5

Miliary tuberculosis

Answer 5

Type of tuberculosis caused by hematogenous spread of the disease, with a characteristic appearance similar to millet seeds, which are small, white grains.

Question 6

Which of the following is the most common type of bacterial pneumonia?

A) Aspiration pneumonia
B) Legionnaires’ disease
C) Pneumococcal pneumonia
D) Streptococcal pneumonia

Answer 6

C) Pneumococcal pneumonia

Question 7

Sinusitis

Additive/Subtractive/Both/Neither

Answer 7

Additive

Question 8

Hemothorax

Answer 8

Pleural effusion containing blood

Question 9

Hypercapnia

Answer 9

A condition of high carbon dioxide blood levels usually associated with hypoventilation or lung disease

Question 10

An infant born after only 6 months of gestation could have: 
A. Cystic fibrosis
B. Hyaline membrane disease
C. Mediastinal emphysema
D. Pectus excavatum

Answer 10

B. Hyaline membrane disease

Question 11

Pleurisy

Answer 11

Inflammation of the pleura with exudation into the pleural cavity and on its surface. Neither additive or subtractive

Question 12

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Answer 12

Designation applied to conditions that result in pulmonary obstruction most commonly chronic bronchitis and pulmonary emphysema.

Question 13

Coin lesion

Answer 13

Small solitary round nodules in the lung tissue.

Question 14

By use of what radiographic position can bony structures such as clavicles be removed from the apices of the lungs?

Answer 14

Lordotic

Question 15

Pneumoconioses

Answer 15

Additive

Question 16

Aspiration Pneumonia

Answer 16

Pneumonia caused by the entrance of foreign particles (e.g Vomitus) aspirated into the lower respiratory tract.

Question 17

Hypoxemia

Answer 17

A condition in which arterial blood is insufficiently oxygenated.

Question 18

Legionnaires’ Disease

Answer 18

Severe bacterial pneumonia named for its outbreak at an American Legion convention in Pennsylvania in 1976.

Question 19

Lack of respiratory function or lack of proper oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange best describes:
A: Cardiac Arrest
B: Cardiac Arrhythmia
C: Respiratory Failure
D: Tachypnea

Answer 19

C: Respiratory Failure

Question 20

Pleural Effusion: Additive/Subtractive/Both/Neither

Answer 20

Additive

Question 21

Pneumoconioses

Answer 21

A group of occupational diseases characterized by permanent deposits of particulate matter in the lungs and by resultant pulmonary fibrosis

Question 22

Cystic Fibrosis

Answer 22

Congential Disorder affecting exocrine gland function, with respiratory effects, including excessive secretions and obstruction of bronchial system

Question 23

Progressive Disseminated Histoplasmosis

Answer 23

A respiratory disease endemic in the mississippi and Ohio river valleys caused by a fungal infection

Question 24

Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Answer 24

A contagious bacterial infection of the lungs caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 25

``` The most common etiologic factor in the development of bronchogenic carcinoma is : A. Automobile emissions B. Cigarette Smoke C. Dust D. Iatrogenic Treatment ```

Answer 25

B. Cigarette Smoke

Question 26

Diffusion

Answer 26

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide within the alveoli of the lungs

Question 27

The “sail sign” in an infant is commonly associated with the enlargement of the

Answer 27

Thymus

Question 28

Fungal disease: additive/subtractive/both/neither

Answer 28

Additive due to the calcification of nodes over time

Question 29

Mycoplasma pneumonia

Answer 29

The most common form of primary atypical pneumonia, occurring most frequently in young adults.

Question 30

Pleural effusion

Answer 30

A collection of excess fluid in the pleural cavity

Question 31

7. Loss of elasticity of the bronchial walls as a result of bacterial infection may result in: a. Bronchiectasis b. Bronchogenic carcinoma c. Pneumococcal pneumonia d. Tuberculosis

Answer 31

a. Bronchiectasis

Question 32

Bronchogenic Carcinoma: Additive/Subtractive/ Both/ Neither

Answer 32

Additive

Question 33

Transudates

Answer 33

Pleural effusions may also result from microvascular changes such as those associated with heart failure or ascites

Question 34

Tuberculosis

Answer 34

An infection caused by inhalation of mycrobacterium tuberculosis

Question 35

Pneumonias | Additive/subtractive/both/neither

Answer 35

Additive

Question 36

Sinusitis

Answer 36

Inflammation of a sinus, which may be purulent to or nonpurulent and acute or chronic.

Question 37

Subcutaneous emphysema

Answer 37

The presence of air or gas in the subcutaneous tissues of the body.

Question 38

Hyaline Membrane Disease: Additive/Subtractive/Both/Neither

Answer 38

Additive

Question 39

Respiratory distress syndrome

Answer 39

A respiratory disorder of infants born at less than 37-week gestation caused by incomplete maturation of the surfactant-producing system.

Question 40

Respiratory failure

Answer 40

Failure of the lungs to ventilate.

Question 41

Bronchiectasis

Answer 41

Chronic dilatation of the bronchi, with inflammation and destruction of bronchial walls and cilia

Question 42

Bronchial Carcinoma

Answer 42

Carcinoma of the lung that arises from the epithelium of the bronchial tree

Question 43

Chronic bronchitis

Answer 43

A chronic inflammation of the bronchi

Question 44

COPD | Additive/Subtractive/Both/Neither

Answer 44

Subtractive

Question 45

Cystic fibrosis: additive/subtractive/both

Answer 45

Additive

Question 46

Emphysema

Answer 46

A lung condition characterized by an increase in the air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles and with destruction of alveolar walls

Question 47

Pleurisy

Answer 47

Inflammation of the pleura with exudation into the pleural cavity and on its surface.

Question 48

Exudates

Answer 48

Pus, cellular debris, or clear fluid that leaks out of the blood vessels into the surrounding tissues.

Question 49

Pneumococcal pneumonia

Answer 49

the most common bacterial pneumonia generally affecting an entire lobe of lung.

Question 50

Posterior and mediastinal masses most commonly originate from _____ tissue A) Lymphatoc B) Nervous C) Thymus D) Thyroid

Answer 50

B) Nervous

Question 51

Lung Absess: Additive or Subtractive?

Answer 51

Additive

Question 52

Pneumonia

Answer 52

The most frequent type of lung infection, resulting in an inflammation of the lung with compromised pulmonary function

Question 53

9: An accumulation of pus in the pleural cavity is know as a(n)

Answer 53

B:Empyema

Question 54

Asthma

Answer 54

Chronic inflammation of the bronchi resulting in hyper-responsiveness and airway obstruction

Question 55

Bronchial carcinoid

Answer 55

a neuroendocrine malignant tumor situated in the submucosal

Question 56

Tuberculosis: additive/ subtractive/ both/ neither

Answer 56

A disease caused by bacteria called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The bacteria usually attack the lungs, but they can also damage other parts of the parts of the body. Additive due to small opaque spots throughtout the lungs.

Question 57

``` Review question 8 Pulmonary fibrosis resulting from occupational inhaled dusts is a characteristic of A. Atelectasis B. Chronic bronchitis C. Pleural Effusion D. Pneumoconiosis ```

Answer 57

D. Pneumoconiosis