Chapter 3- Structure And Function Of Cells

Question 1

what surronds the nucleus

Answer 1

nuclear envelope

Question 2

types of electon microscope

Answer 2

• scanning electon microscope (SEM)
• transmission electron microscope

Question 3

the cell wall does what for the plant cell

Answer 3

• support
• protect

Question 4

What does selectively permeable mean?

Answer 4

It only let’s certain molecules in and out of the cell

Question 5

What is the endoplasmic recticulum made up of

Answer 5

Membranous tubes and sacs

Question 6

where does the golgi apparatus recieve material form?

Answer 6

rough and smoother

Question 7

in a compound light microscope the…

Answer 7

speciem is mounted on a glass slide

Question 8

when a cell is about to divide…

Answer 8

the chromatin condenses to form chromosomes

Question 9

what is the cell wall?

Answer 9

a rigid covering found outside the cell membrane made up of cellulose

Question 10

what are found in plants but not in animal cells

Answer 10

• central vacuole
• cell wall
• chloroplast

Question 11

The ______ to ________ must be _____ in order to meet the needs of the cell

Answer 11

Surface area; volume ratio; large

Question 12

Where would the head of the phospholipids face and face?

Answer 12

Will face towards the water found inside and outside of the cell

Question 13

Locate the inner membrane space

Answer 13

Question 14

Cell shape

Answer 14

Come in a variety of shapes

Question 15

State the third part of the cell theory

Answer 15

Cells come only from the reproduction of existing cells

Question 16

What does the cytoskeleton do?

Answer 16

it maintains cell shape, anchors organelles, and allows them to move within the cell

Question 17

What is cytoplasm?

Answer 17

The liquid portion of the cell

Question 18

when found in small numbers but long they are

Answer 18

flagella (sperm)

Question 19

The membrane can move ….

Answer 19

Laterally

Question 20

What does mitochondria do?

Answer 20

Takes food energy and converts it into ATP

Question 21

types of microscopes

Answer 21

• compund light
• electon

Question 22

name the types of cytoskeleton

Answer 22

• microfilaments (small)
• intermediate filaments (medium)
• microtuble (larger)

Question 23

what is the central vacuole?

Answer 23

fluid filled organelle that stores water, enzymes, and metabolic wastes

Question 24

Major component of phospholipids

Answer 24

Tails of phospholipids, fatty acid, nonpolor and hydrophobic tails will not interact with H2O inside/outside cell

Question 25

what does turgor pressure do for the plants

Answer 25

allows plants to stand upright

Question 26

The membrane is not

Answer 26

Completely rigid

Question 27

The cell membrane is called the ______ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and it is __ layers of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 27

Phospholipid bilayer; 2; phospholipids

Question 28

The rough ER has what attached to it

Answer 28

Ribosomes

Question 29

Where is the inner membrane space located?

Answer 29

Between the outer membrane and inner membrane

Question 30

the smooth er is involved in.....

Answer 30

* the making of lipids * the regulation of calcium levels in muscle cells * the breakdown of toxic substances in the liver

Question 31

what is another name for turgor pressure

Answer 31

water pressure

Question 32

Size of cells

Answer 32

Most cells can only be seen with a microscope

Question 33

Skin cells are....

Answer 33

Flat

Question 34

What are the folds of the inner membrane called?

Answer 34

Cristae

Question 35

give two examples of where cilia are found?

Answer 35

paramecium and human respiratory

Question 36

Who observed what in 1665?

Answer 36

Robert Hooke observed cork

Question 37

locate the outer membrane

Answer 37

Question 38

locate the inner membrane?

Answer 38

Question 39

What is the saying about cell shape?

Answer 39

Structure fits function or shape reflects function

Question 40

what does the nucleus contain

Answer 40

chromatin(DNA and protein)

Question 41

What are the ribosome

Answer 41

Made up of proteins and RNA \*site where proteins are made\*

Question 42

What is the mitochondria ?

Answer 42

Energy producers of the cell

Question 43

Cell diversity

Answer 43

Not all cells are alike; at least 200 kinds of cells

Question 44

What does lysosomes have to digest macromolecules?

Answer 44

Hydrolytic enzymes

Question 45

what are cilia/flagella?

Answer 45

hair-like organelles that extend from the surface of the cell

Question 46

Lysosomes digest ___ \_\_\_\_\_, ______ and _______ ingested by the cell

Answer 46

old organells, vriuses and bacteria

Question 47

what doe prokaryotes and eukaryotes have in common

Answer 47

* ribosomes * plasma membrane

Question 48

electon microscopes are used to view speciem beyond what magnification

Answer 48

2,000x

Question 49

what does the central vacoule provide plants

Answer 49

turgor pressure

Question 50

The rough er is attached to

Answer 50

The nucleus

Question 51

The smooth ER is not covered in

Answer 51

Ribosome

Question 52

How many parts does the cell theory have?

Answer 52

Three

Question 53

What is the matrix?

Answer 53

The space in of the inner membrane

Question 54

define microscope

Answer 54

an instrument used to magnify objects

Question 55

Locate the matrix?

Answer 55

Question 56

what does the golgi apparatus do?

Answer 56

modifies and repackages proteins and lipids for export

Question 57

What is made in the rough ER

Answer 57

Proteins that will be transported to the Golgi apparatus

Question 58

Who was the first to observe living cells?

Answer 58

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Question 59

Where can the ribosomes be located

Answer 59

• floating in the cytoplasm • attached to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Question 60

When found in great numbers but are short they are

Answer 60

cilia

Question 61

Nerve cells have....

Answer 61

Large extensions

Question 62

How many mitochondria will cells have that require a lot of energy have?

Answer 62

Thousand

Question 63

What makes the cell membrane more rigid?

Answer 63

Cholesterol

Question 64

Internal organization

Answer 64

Cells contain a variety of organelles

Question 65

Another name for cell membrane

Answer 65

Fluid mosaic model

Question 66

Heads of the phospholipids are

Answer 66

Hydrophilic

Question 67

Name the second part of the cell theory

Answer 67

Cells are the basic units of structure and function in organisms

Question 68

The membrane is "\_\_\_\_\_"

Answer 68

Selectively permeable

Question 69

Name the first part of the cell theory

Answer 69

All living things are made up of one or more cells

Question 70

Cell membrane

Answer 70

Allows nutrients to enter and wastes to leave

Question 71

what takes place in the chloroplast

Answer 71

photosynthesis

Question 72

what do the cilis and flagella assist in?

Answer 72

cell movement

Question 73

define magnification

Answer 73

making an object look larger than its actual size

Question 74

Hydrolysis

Answer 74

To break down with water

Question 75

define resolution

Answer 75

measure of clarity of an image

Question 76

What is internal organization?

Answer 76

A membrane- bound that performs a specific function

Question 77

what are lysosome?

Answer 77

vesicles that hold enzymes that digest proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, DNA, and RNA

Question 78

a central vacoule could take up to what percent of the plant cell

Answer 78

90