Chapter 3.3

Question 1

the endocrine system

Answer 1

• a network of glands that release hormones into the bloodstream

Question 2

hormones are carried by

Answer 2

• blood vessles

Question 3

hormones

Answer 3

• influence organs
• slower than neurotransmitters

Question 4

pituitary gland

Answer 4

• controls the other glands in the body

Question 5

the pituitary gland is controlled by the

Answer 5

hypothalamus

Question 6

what is one of the hormones that the pituitary gland secretes

Answer 6

oxytocin

Question 7

function of oxytocin

Answer 7

• birth is females
• maternal and romantic love
• impacts trust and social behaviours
• may play a role in treating outsiders poorly (can play a role in negative social behaviours

Question 8

when are adrenal gland release their hormones

Answer 8

• during periods of stress and arousal

Question 9

where are the adrenal glands found

Answer 9

just above the kidneys

Question 10

what hormones do the adrenal glands manufacture

Answer 10

• adrenaline
• cortisol

Question 11

what are chromosomes?

Answer 11

• threads within a cells structure that carry the genetic material (genes)

Question 12

how many chromosomes does the average human have

Answer 12

46

Question 13

what are genes comproside of

Answer 13

DNA

Question 14

what does DNA stand for

Answer 14

deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 15

what is DNA

Answer 15

• the hereditary blueprint in genes
• contains things the cell needs to replicate

Question 16

Genotype

Answer 16

• the set of genes transmitted from our parents to us. These are fixed at birth

Question 17

Phenotype

Answer 17

• set of observable traits
• what is absorbed due to the interaction of genotype with environmental factors

Question 18

behavioural genetics

Answer 18

• the the approach we use to examine the influence of nature (genes) and nurture (environment) on psychological traits

Question 19

what do research designs in genetics allow researcher to estimate

Answer 19

heritability of traits and diseases

Question 20

what are the three myths of heritability

Answer 20

• heritability applies to a single individual
• heritability tells us weather a trait can be changed (example: seeds in soil)
• heritability is a fixed number

Question 21

behavioural gentic research designs

Answer 21

• researchers tract the presence / absence of a trait amongst relatives
• help to determine how much genes and enviorment contribute to a trait

Question 22

what are the three types of behavioural genetic research designs

Answer 22

• family studies
• twin studies
• adoption studies

Question 23

further investigation into nature vs. nurture is conducted through the field of ______

Answer 23

epigenetics