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Biology > Chapter 35 > Flashcards

Chapter 35 Flashcards

(65 cards)

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0
Q

Integumentary system structures

A

Skin, hair, nails, sweat, and oil glands

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1
Q

Nervous system structures

A

Brain, spinal chord, nerves

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2
Q

Respiratory structures

A

Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and lungs

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3
Q

Digestive structures

A

Mouth, pharynx, esophagus stomach, small and large intestines, and rectum

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4
Q

Excretory structures

A

Skin, lungs, kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra

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5
Q

Skeletal structures

A

Bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendons

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6
Q

Muscular structures

A

Skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle

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7
Q

Circulatory structures

A

Heart, blood vessels, blood

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8
Q

Endocrine system

A

Hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroids, adrenals, pancreas, ovaries, and testes

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9
Q

Reproductive system structures

A

Testes, epididymis, vas deferents, urethra, penis, ovaries, Fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina

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10
Q

Lymphatic structures

A

White blood cells, thymus, spleen, lymph nodes, lymph vessels

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11
Q

Nervous system functions

A

Recognize and coordinate the body’s response to changes in environments

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12
Q

Integumentary system functions

A

Serves as a barrier against infection and injury, helps to regulate body temperature, provides protection against uv rays from the sun

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13
Q

Respiratory functions

A

Provides O2 needed for cellular respiration and removes excess CO2 from the body

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14
Q

Digestive system functions

A

Converts foods into simpler molecules that can be used by the body cells of the body, absorbs foods, eliminates waste

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15
Q

Excretory system functions

A

Eliminates waste products to maintain homeostasis

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16
Q

Skeletal system functions

A

Supports the body, protects internal organs, allows movement, stores mineral reserves, provides a site for blood cell formation

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17
Q

Muscular system functions

A

Brings oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells, fights infection, removes cell wastes, helps to regulate body temperature

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18
Q

Endocrine system functions

A

Controls growth development, and metabolism, maintains homeostasis

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19
Q

Reproductive system functions

A

Produces reproductive cells and nurtures embryos in females

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20
Q

Lymphatic/Immune system functions

A

Helps protect the body from disease, collects fluid lost from blood vessels and returns the fluid to the circulatory system

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21
Q

Includes glands and tissues that cover interior and exterior surfaces

A

Epithelial tissue

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22
Q

Provides support for the body and connects its parts

A

Connective tissue

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23
Q

Transmits nerve impulses

A

Nervous tissue

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24
Enables the body to move along with bones
Muscle tissue
25
Negative feedback- the process in which a stimulus produces a response that opposes the original stimulus
Feedback inhibition
26
The nervous system...
Controls and coordinates functions throughout the body and responds to internal and external stimuli
27
Electrical signals
Impulses
28
Cells that transmit impulses/ functional unit of the nervous system
Neurons
29
3 types of neurons
1. Sensory neuron 2. Motor neuron 3. Interneuron
30
Transports info from sense organ to brain
Sensory neurons
31
Takes info from brain to muscles for response
Motor neuron
32
Carry impulses between sensory and motor neurons
Interneuron
33
Largest part of a neuron
Cell body
34
Short fibers that bring the signal into the body
Dendrite
35
Long fibers that carry impulses away from the cell body
Axon
36
Insulator: allows impulses to jump from node to node
Myelin sheath
37
Contain neurotransmitters which communicate across synapses to dendrites of other cells
Axon terminals
38
Outside of cell net charge
Positive
39
Inside of cell net charge
Negative
40
Cell membrane charge
Electrically charged
41
Sodium potassium directions
Sodium out, potassium in
42
Electrical charge across the cell membrane of a neuron in its resting state
Resting potential
43
Reversal of charges, a nerve impulse
Action potential
44
Minimum level of a stimulus that is required to activate a neuron
Threshold
45
Location whet a neuron can transfer an impulse to another cell
Synapse
46
Chemicals used by a neuron to transmit an impulse across a synapse to another cell
Neurotransmitter
47
Three layers of connective tissue that wrap the brain and spinal chord
Meninges
48
Fluid between the meninges that acts as a shock absorber and a protector to the CNS
Cerebrospinal fluid
49
Cerebrum functions
Voluntary, conscious movement, intelligence, and judgement
50
Connects the right and left hemispheres of the cerebrum
Corpus callosum
51
4 lobes and their functions
1. Frontal lobe- emotions and judgement 2. temporal lobe- Hearing and memory 3. Occipital lobe- vision 4. Parietal lobe- spatial, touch, and reading
52
Processes info from sense organs and controls movement
Gray matter
53
Connects cerebral cortex and brain stem
White matter
54
Cerebellum functions
Coordinates and balances acting of muscles to move efficiently
55
Brain stem functions
Involuntary functions- breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, swallowing
56
Make up the brain stem
Pons and medulla oblongata
57
Thalamus functions
Receives messages from all sensory receptors then relays info to region of cerebrum for processing
58
Hypothalamus functions
Controls thirst, hunger, fatigue, anger, body temperature
59
Divisions in the peripheral nervous system
Motor division and sensory division
60
Divisions of the motor division
Somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system
61
divisions in the autonomic nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system
62
React to specific stimuli by sending impulses to other neurons
Sensory receptors
63
5 types of receptors
``` PPMTC Pain Photo Mechano Thermo Chemo ```
64
Small opening inside the iris
Pupil

Biology (9 decks)

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