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BMS 110 > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

specialization of cells to take on different forms and functions

A

Differentiation

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2
Q

are the foundation cells for every organ, tissue, and cell in the body

A

Stem Cells

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3
Q

have the ability to differentiate into all cells of the human body

A

Pluripotent

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4
Q

limited to differentiate only specialized cell types in an organ or tissue

A

adult

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5
Q

the study of tissues

A

Histology

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6
Q

collection of cells of the same type

A

Tissues

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7
Q

What are the 4 major tissue types?

A

Epithelial, Connective, Muscular, Nervous

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8
Q

protection, transport, secretion, and absorption

A

epithelial tissue

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9
Q

structural support

A

connective tissue

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10
Q

movement

A

muscle tissue

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11
Q

communication, coordination, and control

A

Nervous tissue

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12
Q

body structure that integrates different tissues and carries out a specific function

A

Organ

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13
Q

a set of organs that interacts to carry out a major body function

A

organ system

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14
Q

Organization of the Tissue types or the order of the layers of tissue

A

Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous

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15
Q

one layer of cells

A

simple

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16
Q

one layer but looks like several

A

pseudostratified

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17
Q

several layers of cells

A

stratified

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18
Q

moves from several layers to a single layer

A

transitional

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19
Q

what are glands composed of?

A

Cuboidal Epithelial tissue

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20
Q

How are glands classified?

A

by how their secretions are released

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21
Q

these glands secrete into ducts

A

exocrine glands

22
Q

What are the three examples of exocrine glands?

A

Salivary glands
Sweat glands
Mammary glands

23
Q

these glands have no ducts and secrete directly into the surrounding extracellular fluid

A

endocrine glands

24
Q

what are the three main types of connective tissue?

A

fibrous
supportive
fluid

25
Q

*this connects, supports, and anchors the body’s parts
*it is also the most abundant type of tissue

A

connective tissue

26
Q

*fiber-like structural proteins
*Ground Substance
*noncellular; ranges from hard to liquid

A

Extracellular matrix

27
Q

made by fibroblast cells

A

fibrous or soft connective tissue

28
Q

what are the subtypes of fibrous tissue?

A

loose, dense, and elastic

29
Q

holds down cells at their basal surface

A

basement membrane

30
Q

shape of the cells at the tissues apical surface

A

morphological classifications

31
Q

specialized supportive connective tissues

A

cartilage

32
Q

What are the three types of cartilage?

A

hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, fibrocartilage

33
Q

fine collagen fibers

A

hyaline cartilage

34
Q

more elastic fibers than collagen fibers

A

elastic cartilage

35
Q

strong collagen fibers, aligned

A

fibrocartilage

36
Q

these are cells that live in chambers called lacunae

A

osteocytes

37
Q

Osteocytes are cells that live in chambers called___________.

A

lacunae

38
Q

lacunae chambers are connected by channels called

A

canaliculi

39
Q

What are the 2 types of Connective Bone tissue distinguished by types of fibers?

A

compact and spongy

40
Q

Brain and Spinal Cord

A

Central Nervous System (CNS)

41
Q

all of the nerves throughout the body, excluding the brain and spinal cord

A

Peripheral Nervous System

42
Q

What are the 2 main groups of cells?

A

Neurons and Neuroglia

43
Q

sensing and sending information all over the body

A

neurons

44
Q

providing physical and chemical support to neurons

A

Neuroglia

45
Q

Cell body (soma), dendrites, axons

A

Neuron Cell Parts

46
Q

carry information toward a cell body

A

dendrites

47
Q

carry information away from cell body, toward another neuron, or effector cell

A

axons

48
Q

messages from the body tissues and organs to the spinal cord

A

sensory

49
Q

conduct impulses from the spinal cord to the muscles and glands

A

motor

50
Q

located in brain and spinal cord to relay signals from sensory to motor neurons

A

interneurons

51
Q

What are the three types of Glial cells (neuroglia)?

A

Oligodendrocytes
Astrocytes
Microglia

BMS 110 (11 decks)

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