Chapter 4 Flashcards
(21 cards)
Potential energy
Energy and object has due to its location or structure
Chemical energy
Potential energy that is stored in the bonds that hold atoms together into molecules. Can be released and put to work for life’s functions
Heat
Form of kinetic energy stored in the random motions of atoms and molecules
Entropy
Amount of disorder within a system
Conservation of energy
Energy can be neither created nor destroyed
Producers
Absorb the Suns energy and convert it to chemical energy (produce their own food
Consumers
Organisms that obtain food by eating plants or by eating animals
Grana
Stacks in the chloroplasts (folds)
Thylakoids
Each individual disk in the stacks in the chloroplasts
Chlorophyll
Primary pigment in chloroplasts
Molecules in it selectively absorb all other light colors except green and yellow which is what reaches our eyes.
Light reactions
Capture sunlight and provide high energy molecules to the Calvin cycle
Calvin cycle
Uses high energy molecules to produce sugar from carbon dioxide
NADPH
Molecule that acts as a high energy electron shuttle
ATP
High energy molecule that acts as an energy shuttle
Photosystems
Clusters of proteins and pigment molecules within a thylakoid (disk in a stack in the chloroplasts)
Steps of cellular respiration
- glycolysis
- Citric acid cycle
- electron transport chain
Glycolysis
First step of cellular respiration
Takes place in cytoplasm, involves splitting of one molecule of glucose into two of pyruvic acid. Produces ATP and electrons
Citrix acid cycle
2nd step of cellular respiration
In fluid of mitochondria, competes the burning of glucose, breaking down into CO2 thats disposed of.
ATP and electrons are produced
Electron transport chain
3rd step of cellular respiration
Mitochondria membrane
Electrons previously produced mover through proteins & ATP turns to ADP and phosphate
Metabolism
Sum total of all the chemical reactions that occur in your body
Kinetic energy
Energy of motion
