Chapter 4 - Attitudes towards empire, Role and influence of individuals

Question 1

What did John Kirk do?

Answer 1

. Eradicated the slave trade in Zanzibar and kept it as a British client state
. Zanzibar was rich in clove and ivory - important to the British

Question 2

Who was Sir Richard Burton?

Answer 2

. Linguistic scholar, explorer and adventurer
. He was able to go to Mecca and told stories about Muslims
. Mostly an adventurer and was admired by the colonies

Question 3

Who was Cecil Rhodes?

Answer 3

. Owned 90% of worlds diamond trade
. Controlled 1/3 of worlds gold trade
. PM of Cape Colony 1890

Question 4

Who did Rhodes enter a partnership with?

Answer 4

London-based Diamond Syndicate - gained a monopoly of the world’s diamond supply

Question 5

What did William Mackinnon do?

Answer 5

. He founded the Imperial British East Africa Company
. Mainly trading in India especially in the Bay of Bengal

Question 6

Who was George Goldie?

Answer 6

. 1876 - formed the Central African Trading Company
. 1875 - Bought a palm oil business in the Niger basin
. Established many coffee and cocoa plantations

Question 7

What did John Speke do?

Answer 7

. Sent to Egypt in 1877 to help Pasha with financial problems - he was ignored and returned to Britain
. Opposed General Gordon’s mission in Sudan
. Remained the real ruler of Egypt until 1907

Question 8

What did Bartle Frere do?

Answer 8

. Helped crush the Indian Mutiny in 1857 - earned a place in Viceroy council
. Deliberately provoked a war with the Zulus

Question 9

What happened to Frere after the war with the Zulus?

Answer 9

. 1880 - Withdrawn from South Africa by Gladstone + Lib govt
. Denounced for acting recklessly