Chapter 4 - Major Cytokines

Question 1

Chemical messengers that regulates the immune system

Answer 1

Cytokines

Question 2

What interleukin is an endogenous pyrogen which can also increase APR levels?

Answer 2

IL-1

Question 3

Which interleukin is a T cell growth factor and mediates activation and proliferation of B and T cells?

Answer 3

IL-2

Question 4

Which interleukin stimulates B cells?

Answer 4

IL-6

Question 5

A cytokine that interferes with viral replication.

Answer 5

Interferon

Question 6

Cytokine binds to receptors on nearby cells.

Answer 6

Paracrine

Question 7

Cytokine binds cells in distant parts of the body.

Answer 7

Endocrine

Question 8

Cytokine binds to receptor on cell that secreted it.

Answer 8

Autocrine

Question 9

Proteins produced by virally-infected cells and protect the neighboring cells.

Answer 9

Interferons

Question 10

The antiviral activity of interferons is:

I. Virus-nonspecific
II. Virus-specific
III. Host-nonspecific
IV. Host-specific

A. I and III
B. II and IV
C. I and IV
D. II and III

Answer 10

C. I and IV

Question 11

Difference of type 1 and type 2 interferon.

Answer 11

Type 1 is nonspecific, type 2 is specific

Question 12

Enumerate type 1 interferons.

Answer 12

Alpha, Beta

Question 13

Enumerate type 2 interferon/s.

Answer 13

Gamma

Question 14

Immune, component of the specific immune response to viral and other pathogens.

A. Type 1 interferon
B. Type 2 interferon
C. Either
D. Neither

Answer 14

B. Type 2 interferon

Question 15

What secretes alpha interferons?

Answer 15

Leukocytes

Question 16

What secretes beta interferons?

Answer 16

Double stranded RNA fibroblast

Question 17

the major producers of gamma interferon

Answer 17

TH1 cells

Question 18

Chromosome responsible for the production of kappa light chains.

Answer 18

Chromosome 2

Question 19

Chromosome responsible for the production of lambda light chains.

Answer 19

Chromosome 22

Question 20

Lambda to kappa ratio

Answer 20

1:2

Question 21

Cytokine that has cytotoxic activity against tumor cells and virally infected cells.

Answer 21

Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)

Question 22

TNF is antibacterial against gram ___ bacteria.

Answer 22

Negative

Question 23

Enumerate two types of TNF

Answer 23

Alpha, Beta

Question 24

TNF alpha is produced by ____.

Answer 24

Macrophage

Question 25

TNF Beta is produced by _____.

Answer 25

CD41 and CD8 cells

Question 26

TNF Alpha is also known as?

Answer 26

Cachectin

Question 27

TNF beta is also known as?

Answer 27

Lymphotoxins

Question 28

Differentiate TNF alpha from TNF beta

Answer 28

TNF alpha is nonspecific, TNF beta is specific

Question 29

Identify the following whether it is specific or nonspecific: 1. Lymphotoxins 2. Cachectin 3. Beta interferon 4. Gamma interferon 5. Alpha interferon

Answer 29

1. Specific 2. Nonspecific 3. Nonspecific 4. Specific 5. Nonspecific

Question 30

Major producers of interferon alpha

Answer 30

Null lymphocytes / NK cells

Question 31

Major producers of interferon beta

Answer 31

Fibroblast & epithelial cells

Question 32

Too much TNF production causes ____.

Answer 32

Bleeding

Question 33

A cytokine that enhances motility & promotes migration or “guides” WBC.

Answer 33

Chemokines

Question 34

A cytokine released by platelets during coagulation.

Answer 34

Betalysin

Question 35

Betalysin has antibacterial activity against gram____.

Answer 35

Positive