Chapter 4 - Sexual Anatomy Flashcards
(43 cards)
1
Q
The mons pubis
A
- Fatty pad of tissue covering the junction where the right and left pubic bone meets at the midline (symphysis)
2
Q
Functions of pubic hair
A
- Pheromonal signalling
- Protection
- Signals sexual maturity
3
Q
The clitoris
A
- Far more nerve endings than the vagina
- Most common way for women to achieve arousal and orgasm during masturbation and sex with a partner
- No practical function, just for pleasure
4
Q
The labia majora
A
- The “outer lips”
- They have many nerve endings and are important for sexual arousal
- Provide protection for the sensitive clitoris and inner lips
5
Q
The labia minora
A
- The “inner lips”
- Often bigger than the labia majora
- They are important in sexual arousal
- Wide appearance among women
6
Q
The vulvar vestibule
A
- Sensitive entranceway to the vaginal and urethral openings
- A condition called vestibulodynia males the vaginal entrance so sensitive that any kind of penetration is painful and unpleasant
7
Q
The urethral opening
A
- The tube that takes the urine from the bladder to be expelled from the body
8
Q
The vaginal opening
A
- Sensitive region below the vulvar vestibule that varies in size from woman to woman
- Generally becomes more open and loose after a woman gives birth
- The hymen
8
Q
The hymen
A
- Thin membrane that partially covers the vaginal opening
- Generally present at birth (some women are born without one)
- May be broken at first intercourse or during sports or other non sexual activities
8
Q
The vagina
A
- Canal that starts at the vaginal opening and extends up and tilts slightly backward toward the base of the spine
- Very flexible and can accommodate a lot
8
Q
Three laters of the vagina
A
- Vaginal mucosa: the outermost layer, releases secretions that create a proper chemical balance
- Muscular: the middle layer, contrasts rhythmically during orgasms
- Fibrous tissue: the deepest layer
9
Q
The bartholin glands
A
- Small pair of glands that lie to the right and left of the vagina
- Their function is unknown but they may contribute to vaginal lubrication just before orgasm
10
Q
The vestibular bulbs
A
- They are the bulbs of the clitoris and have erectile tissue similar to the spongy bodies of the penis
11
Q
The skene’s glands
A
- The pair of glands are on the front wall of the vagina and their ducts empty into the urethra
12
Q
The G-spot
A
- A large area located on the front vaginal wall
- Pleasurable area for some women and for others it is not very arousing
- Some females ejaculate a fluid form their urethras`
13
Q
Female genital mutilation
A
- Clitoridectomy: Many different kinds that have varying levels of invasiveness
- Infibulation
- Many negative health consequences
14
Q
Male genitals
A
- The penis
- Scrotum with testes inside
15
Q
Male circumcision
A
- Cutting the foreskin off of the penis
- Typically done shortly after birth
- Largely religion tradition
- Many pros and cons
16
Q
Embryological precursor - Gonad
A
- Gonad
- Females: ovary
- Males: testis
17
Q
Embryological precursor - paramesonephric duct
A
- female: fallopian tubes
- male: appendix testis
18
Q
Embryological precursor - urogential sinus
A
- female: skene’s glands and bartholin’s gland
- male: prostate and cowper’s gland
19
Q
Embryological precursor - labioscrotal folds
A
- female: outer lips
- male: scrotum
20
Q
Embryological precursor - urogenital folds
A
- female: inner lips
- male: penile skin
21
Q
Embryological precursor - genital tubercle
A
- female: clit, vestibular bulbs, clitoral glans, clitoral crura
- male: penis, bulb penis, glans penis, crus of penis
22
Embryological precursor - prepuce
- female: clitoral hood
- male: foreskin
23
Castration
- Removing or destroying his testicles
24
Basson's model of female sexual response
- Found that women may engage in sex for non sexual reasons
- Sexual desire discrepancy
- Many aspects influence a person's desire to have sex
25
Master and Johnson's Response cycle
- Focused on the physiological aspects of sexual response
- Two fundamental processes of sexual response are myotonia (muscle tension) and vasocongestion (swelling)
26
Masters and Johnson's four phrases of sexual response cycle
1. Excitement (E)
2. Plateau (P)
3. Orgasm (O)
4. Resolution (R)
- There are three variations of pattern in women
- Men has a refractory period where they can't orgasm again
27
Masters and Johnson's Phrase 1
- Excitement
- Blood is arriving to the area
- Penile erection and vaginal lubrication
28
Masters and Johnson's second phrase
- Plateau
- Levelling off response
- You get excited and it starts there
29
Masters and Johnson's third phase
- Orgasm
- Briefest phase
- Muscle spasm, ejaculation in males, vaginal and uterine contraction in females
30
Masters and Johnson's final phase
- Resolution
- The sexual system returns to its unaroused state
31
The mechanics of coital sex
- Firmness and angle of the penis are key
- The suspensory ligament acts as a spring during erection and penetration
32
The scrotum
- An outer layer of skin with a little hair
- An inner layer of involuntary muscle called the dators
- the dartos muscle makes the testes contract with cold
- Testes were formed in the abdomen, they respond to injury or compression like other innervated abdominal tissue, so an injury to them is felt in the abdomen
33
The testes
- Secrete androgens and produce sperm
- Spermatic cord suspends each testis in the scrotum and contains the cas deferences, blood vessels, and nerves
- Surrounded by layer of muscle called the cremaster muscle that lifts the testicles as they contract
34
The seminiferous tubules
- Live inside the testes and along with the interstitial cells, produce and store sperm
35
The epididymis
- Covers part of each testicule
- Matures and stores sperm
36
The vas deferens
- Carries sperm to the prostate gland where they enter the urethra
37
The seminal vescles
- Contribute up to 70 per cent of the ejaculate fluid
38
The prostate gland
- Secretes a think, milky, alkaline fluid, resulting in a chemically safe environment to maintain sperm
39
Cowper's glands
- Secrete pre cum that prepares the urethra for the ejaculate
40
Semen and sperm
- Semen is made up of fluid from the seminal vesicles and the prostate gland
- Each ejaculate contains about 1 teaspoon of semen
- 200 to 500 million sperm
- Each sperm has 23 chromosomes
