Chapter 4: The Earth Flashcards
(16 cards)
What are the earths different layers?
The crust (rocky and solid), the mantle (solid rock but can flow), the outer core (liquid metal) and the inner core (solid metal)
What part of the earths crust takes up approximately 46 percent?
Oxygen
What part of the earths crust takes up approximately 28 percent?
Silicon
What are the three types of rocks that make up the earth’s crust?
Sedimentary rock, igneous rock and metamorphic rock
How is sedimentary rock made?
Sediment piles up in one place over many years and then it sticks together by compaction or cementation
How is igneous rock made?
When liquid rocks cools it turns into igneous rocks these are made of crystals locked closely together
How is metamorphic rock made?
Other rocks under the Earth are heated and put under pressure, over time these rocks become metamorphic
What is compaction?
The weight of sediment above squeezing them into rocks
What is cementation?
Another substance sticks sediments together
What is magma?
Liquid rock underground
What is lava
Liquid rock above the ground
Why do we call the rock cycle the rock cycle?
As different rocks can turn into each other
What is the outer core of the earth made of?
Liquid metal
What is the inner core of the earth made of?
Solid metal
What is the atmosphere?
A layer of gas surrounding the earth
What is the atmosphere mainly comprised of?
Nitrogen and oxygen
