Chapter 42: Shock, Sepsis, and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome: Manifestations by Type

Question 1

*cool or warm skin

Answer 1

neurogenic

Question 2

*stridor

Answer 2

anaphylactic

Question 3

*metallic taste

Answer 3

anaphylactic

Question 4

*increased cardiac biomarkers

Answer 4

cardiogenic

Question 5

*myocardial dysfunction

Answer 5

septic

Question 6

*decreased hematocrit

Answer 6

hypovolemic

Question 7

increased CVP (central venous pressure)

Answer 7

cardiogenic, obstructive

Question 8

decreased PAWP (pulmonary artery wedge pressure)

Answer 8

hypovolemic, anaphylactic

Question 9

*feeling of impending doom

Answer 9

anaphylactic

Question 10

*increased BNP

Answer 10

cardiogenic

Question 11

decreased cerebral perfusion (anxiety, confusion, agitation)

Answer 11

cardiogenic, hypovolemic, obstructive

Question 12

*loss of reflex activity

Answer 12

neurogenic

Question 13

decreased capillary refill

Answer 13

cardiogenic, hypovolemic

Question 14

*respiratory alkalosis to respiratory acidosis

Answer 14

septic

Question 15

increased lactate

Answer 15

hypovolemic, septic

Question 16

increased urine specific gravity

Answer 16

hypovolemic, septic

Question 17

*bowel dysfunction

Answer 17

neurogenic

Question 18

*respiratory dysfunction related to level of injury

Answer 18

neurogenic

Question 19

*positive blood cultures

Answer 19

septic

Question 20

changing temperatures

Answer 20

neurogenic, septic

Question 21

*flushing skin

Answer 21

anaphylactic

Question 22

*biventricular dilation

Answer 22

septic

Question 23

*dysrhythmias

Answer 23

cardiogenic

Question 24

*coma (late)

Answer 24

septic

Question 25

*bradycardia

Answer 25

neurogenic

Question 26

*cyanosis

Answer 26

cardiogenic

Question 27

*decreased hemoglobin

Answer 27

hypovolemic

Question 28

*increased sodium/water retention

Answer 28

cardiogenic

Question 29

*hypoxemia

Answer 29

septic

Question 30

*decreased LOC

Answer 30

anaphylactic

Question 31

decreased CO

Answer 31

cardiogenic, hypovolemic, neurogenic, anaphylactic, obstructive

Question 32

*third spacing

Answer 32

anaphylactic

Question 33

decreased CVP (central venous pressure)

Answer 33

hypovolemic, neurogenic, anaphylactic

Question 34

*decreased SV (stroke volume)

Answer 34

cardiogenic

Question 35

*wheezing

Answer 35

anaphylactic

Question 36

*respiratory failure

Answer 36

septic

Question 37

decreased urine output

Answer 37

cardiogenic, hypovolemic, septic, obstructive

Question 38

*increased BUN

Answer 38

cardiogenic

Question 39

tachycardia

Answer 39

cardiogenic, hypovolemic, anaphylactic, septic, obstructive

Question 40

*pulmonary hypertension

Answer 40

septic

Question 41

*dry skin

Answer 41

neurogenic

Question 42

*GI bleeding

Answer 42

septic

Question 43

*decreased to absent bowel sounds

Answer 43

obstructive

Question 44

*decreased ejection fraction

Answer 44

septic

Question 45

*chest pain

Answer 45

anaphylactic

Question 46

*ARDS

Answer 46

septic

Question 47

*decreased skin perfusion

Answer 47

neurogenic

Question 48

*absent (not decreased) bowel sounds

Answer 48

hypovolemic

Question 49

increased SVR (systemic vascular resistance)

Answer 49

cardiogenic, hypovolemic, obstructive

Question 50

*decreased urine sodium

Answer 50

septic

Question 51

*pruritus

Answer 51

anaphylactic

Question 52

*pulmonary infiltrates on chest x-ray

Answer 52

cardiogenic

Question 53

increased BG

Answer 53

cardiogenic, septic

Question 54

*warm and flushed skin to cool and mottled skin (late)

Answer 54

septic

Question 55

*hyperventilation

Answer 55

septic

Question 56

*increased procalcitonin

Answer 56

septic

Question 57

bradypnea (late)

Answer 57

hypovolemic, obstructive

Question 58

*incontinence (renal)

Answer 58

anaphylactic

Question 59

*increased PAWP (pulmonary artery wedge pressure)

Answer 59

cardiogenic

Question 60

*edema of larynx and epiglottis

Answer 60

anaphylactic

Question 61

shortness of breath

Answer 61

anaphylactic, obstructive

Question 62

*changing WBCs

Answer 62

septic

Question 63

pallor

Answer 63

cardiogenic, hypovolemic, obstructive

Question 64

*abdominal pain, cramping, diarrhea

Answer 64

anaphylactic

Question 65

*paralytic ileus

Answer 65

septic

Question 66

nausea and vomiting

Answer 66

cardiogenic, anaphylactic

Question 67

*left ventricular dysfunction on echocardiogram

Answer 67

cardiogenic

Question 68

cool, clammy skin

Answer 68

cardiogenic, hypovolemic, obstructive

Question 69

decreased preload

Answer 69

hypovolemic, obstructive

Question 70

*urticaria

Answer 70

anaphylactic

Question 71

*flaccid paralysis below level of lesion

Answer 71

neurogenic

Question 72

crackles

Answer 72

cardiogenic, septic

Question 73

*decreased renal blood flow

Answer 73

cardiogenic

Question 74

*angioedema

Answer 74

anaphylactic

Question 75

*bladder dysfunction

Answer 75

neurogenic

Question 76

*decreased (not absent) bowel sounds

Answer 76

cardiogenic

Question 77

*electrolyte changes

Answer 77

hypovolemic

Question 78

*decreased SVR (systemic vascular resistance)

Answer 78

neurogenic

Question 79

tachypnea

Answer 79

cardiogenic, hypovolemic, obstructive

Question 80

*decreased platelets

Answer 80

septic