Chapter 44 Flashcards
(15 cards)
Q: What is Gary Freeman’s central argument regarding migration and the welfare state?
Freeman says that generous welfare states and large-scale immigration clash because immigration can lead to overuse of benefits and weaken public support for welfare.
Q: What significant political event is mentioned as influenced by immigration debates?
A: Brexit, where immigration control was a central theme
Q: How does the EU/EEA enlargement affect labour migration?
Big differences in wages and welfare made it easier for many workers to move from Eastern to Western Europe.
Q: What are the four main theoretical perspectives on migration and welfare discussed in the chapter? ES,SC,IO,IM
A: Economic sustainability, social cohesion, integration optimism, and institutional mismatch/multicultural critique (Koopmans).
Q: What is meant by ‘bounded universalism’ in migration theory?
A: It’s the idea of combining internal solidarity with external restrictions to maintain sustainable welfare states.
Q: How does the Scandinavian welfare model impact migrant employment?
A: High wage floors and skill demands make labour market entry difficult for low-skilled migrants, leading to lower employment rates.
Q: What are Esping-Andersen’s three original welfare state models?
A: Liberal (Anglo-Saxon), conservative (continental), and social democratic (Scandinavian).
Q: Which countries are examples of Mediterranean and CEE welfare models?
A: Mediterranean: Italy, Spain; CEE: Romania, Bulgaria, Baltic States.
Q: What role does the Schengen Agreement play in EU migration?
It removed borders between countries and made them share responsibility for protecting the EU’s outer borders, making the countries more dependent on each other.
Q: What policy tool assigns responsibility for processing asylum claims?
A: The Dublin Conventions.
Q: How do Sweden and Denmark differ in their immigration policies?
A: Sweden has a liberal, rights-based model; Denmark has a restrictive, work-first model with strong cultural integration requirements.
Q: What are ‘posted workers,’ and why are they controversial?
A: Workers temporarily sent to another country by their employer; they often bypass host country labour standards and welfare contributions.
Q: Why is immigration seen as both a burden and necessity for welfare states?
A: It can strain services, but is essential to counter aging populations and labour shortages.
Q: What does the chapter suggest about unilateral action by member states?
A: It is limited; coordinated EU action is essential due to shared challenges and interdependence.
Q: What key dilemma do European countries face regarding immigration policy?
A: Balancing humanitarian responsibility, economic needs, and social cohesion within constrained national and international frameworks.
