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My AP Psychology > Chapter 5/10 > Flashcards

Chapter 5/10 Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

Consciousness

A

Being aware of surroundings

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2
Q

Circadian rhythm

A

Natural/bio sleep clock (when to sleep/get up)

– occurs throughout the day i.e. After lunch

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3
Q

Alpha waves

A

Slows physical processes (ex holding head up)

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4
Q

Sleep stage one

A

See, feel, and taste things

– very light, easily woken, move a lot

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5
Q

Sleep stage two

A

Sleep spindles

– no activity to sudden activity bursts

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6
Q

Sleep stage 3

A

Delta waves
– deepest sleep, difficult to wake
– makes us feel most tired
(Then back to stage 2)

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7
Q

REM sleep

A

“Rapid eye movement”
Improved brain activity to recuperate
-body at paralysis, brain activity at height
-physiological development

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8
Q

Why sleep?

A 
Explain:
Protects
Recuperate
Make memories
Creative thinking (inspires)
Growth/development
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9
Q

How sleep aids bodily development

A

Limbic system releases glands

– pituitary glands release hormones= growth

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10
Q

Insomnia

A

Don’t sleep, body refuses to

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11
Q

Narcolepsy

A

Fall asleep during high alert (even standing)

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12
Q

Sleep Apnea

A

Don’t breathe periodically during sleep (snoring)

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13
Q

Night terrors

A

Childhood memories, very extreme/violent

– hallucinations that follow to consciousness

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14
Q

Freud’s wish fulfillment

A

Our personality comes from violent/sexual subconscious drives

    • can’t act on when conscious (in society)
    • our dreams express drives (no ego/esteem)
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15
Q

How long does each sleep stage last?

A

90-120 minutes

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16
Q

(Why we dream) Information processing

A

Dream about things we’ve done recently

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17
Q

Activation Synthesis

A

R.E.M. sleep forms images that blend together to make a scene

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18
Q

Physiological function

A

Preservation/creation or neural pathways

Function of dreams

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19
Q

Cognitive development

A

Dream of item we see daily

– develops understanding of it

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20
Q

Hypnosis

A

Power of suggestion
– perceptions/beliefs/ideas taken in
Ex: hypnotherapy (addictions/phobias)

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21
Q

Sigmund Freud

A

“Father of modern psych”

    • personality comes from unconscious drives (sexual/violent)
    • result of conflicts between super ego/id
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22
Q

Personality structure (iceberg)

A

Id- pleasure principle, focuses on immediate gratification/survival (present at birth)

Ego- reality principle, considers societal standards to bedsore between the two

Superego- represents right and wrong, our conscience

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23
Q

List the 5 psychosexual stages

A 
Oral
Anal
Phallic
Latency
Genital
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24
Q

Phallic stage

A

Recognize other sex and their parts
Oedipus complex– “mama’s boy”
Electra complex– girls realize don’t have guy part

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25
Latency stage
Revert back to other things | - same sex relationships, school, sports
26
Repression
Banish past feelings, don't remember them
27
Regression
Retreat to earlier stages
28
Reaction formation
Subconsciously do the opposite | -- ex. Mean to you because they love you
29
Projection
Disguises thoughts by attributing them to others
30
Rationalization
Self justify actions | Ex. Buy ugly car but good mileage
31
Displacement
Divert sexual/aggressive actions to more acceptable object (anger out on something else) Ex. Punch person vs pillow
32
Sublimation
Unacceptable beliefs to socially acceptable activity | Ex. Going insane vs anger through dance
33
Denial
Subconsciously deny actions, choices, and thoughts
34
List Freud's defense mechanisms
``` Repression Regression RF Projection Rationalization Displacement Sublimation Denial ```
35
Carl Jung (NF)
Collective conscious | - aided Freud in findings
36
Alfred Adler (NF)
Inferiority complex- find sense of inferiority but find ways to offset (Being short= big personality)
37
Karen Horney (NF)
Tested females using psychoanalysis Toward- excessive need for approval Against- excessive need for power Away- desire to be independent
38
Superiority complex
Person concentrates on their own need to succeed versus needs of others
39
Collective unconscious
Contains info passed from generations for growth and survival
40
Carl Rogers (humanistic)
Self concept- beliefs one has about themselves Unconditional- love for others without conditions being met Conditional- only show love when requirements met
41
Actualizing tendency
Drive within that pushes to reach fullest potential
42
Abraham Maslow
Hierarchy of needs (humanistic) | Personality= self growth
43
List hierarchy of needs in order
``` Physiological Safety Love and belonging Self esteem Self actualization (content with who we are) ```
44
Traits
Characteristic patterns/predispositions to behave
45
Gordon Allport
One of first theorists to research role of traits in personality Cardinal- define person, dominate Central (source)- everyone has of varying degree Secondary (surface)- easily observed, doesn't actually describe who they are
46
Raymond Cattell
Factor analysis- math formula showing how traits predict/relate to other traits
47
MBTI or 16PF
16 basic personality types test
48
Robert McCrae and Paul Costa
Big 5 | - building blocks of personality
49
CANOE
``` Conscientiousness (organized) Agreeableness (trust) Neuroticism (calm) Openness (imaginative) Extraversion (affectionate) ```
50
Trait perspective
Characteristic pattern of behavior | - disposition to feel or act
51
Hans Eysenck
3 dimensions of biological traits: Extraversion vs introversion Neuroticism vs emotionally stable Psychoticism vs welfare for others
52
Social cognitive perspective
Belief that interaction of cognitive, behavioral, and environmental factors affect personality
53
Objective personality test
Direct questions with specific answers | MC, T/F
54
MMPI
Most widely used objective test - empirically derived (from data/ past exp) - for abnormal behavior
55
Albert Bandura (SC)
Reciprocal determinism | - personality is result of cognitive, behavioral, and environmental factors
56
Self-efficacy
Albert Bandura | - beliefs/opinions someone has about themselves
57
Julian Rotter
Expectancy theory - our expectations of the outcome of situation External locus- controlled by outside factors Internal locus- can control own fate
58
Martin Seligman
Learned helplessness - repeatedly attempt something, keep failing, give up Positive psych - optimism, positive attitude, successful
59
Spotlight effect
Think people pay attention to us more than they actually do
60
Self serving bias
Believe what we do is more important than others
61
Individualism
Personal successes
62
Collectivism
Based on group success
63
Type A personality
Controlling, strict, organized, easily stressed
64
Type B personality
Not rushed, disorganized, relaxed
65
Libido
Psychic energy in Id
66
Thanatos
In Id, responsible for aggression
67
Eros
Energy that preserves life in Id
68
Projective tests
Designed to project/reveal unconscious thoughts
69
Rorschach tests
Inkblots
70
TAT tests
Ambiguous scenes which patients then tells story and report what they saw
71
Personal control
Determine own outcome
72
Personality
an individual's patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving
73
Humanistic perspective
psychological approach that emphasizes free will, personal growth, and achievement of human potential
74
Cognitive perspective
A psychological approach that emphasizes mental processes in perception, memory, language, problem solving, and other areas of behavior
75
Psychodynamic (analytic) perspective
Perspective of psychology that focuses on how behavior springs from unconscious drives and conflicts

My AP Psychology (8 decks)

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