Chapter 5 Flashcards
(218 cards)
1
Q
cerebr/o
A
brain
2
Q
encephal/o
A
brain
3
Q
cerebell/o
A
cerebellum
4
Q
lob/o
A
lobe
5
Q
cephal/o
A
head
6
Q
crani/o
A
head, skull
7
Q
mening/o
A
meninges
8
Q
meningi/o
A
meninges
9
Q
dur/o
A
dura
10
Q
neur/o
A
nerve
11
Q
gangli/o
A
nerve bundle
12
Q
myel/o
A
spinal cord, bone marrow
13
Q
esthesi/o
A
feeling, sensation
14
Q
phas/o
A
speech
15
Q
phren/o
A
mind
16
Q
psych/o
A
mind
17
Q
somn/o
A
sleep
18
Q
somn/i
A
sleep
19
Q
hypn/o
A
sleep
20
Q
gnosi/o
A
know
21
Q
-mania
A
excessive desire
22
Q
-phobia
A
excessive fear or sensivity
23
Q
-paresis
A
slight or partial paralysis
24
Q
ton/o
A
muscle tone, tension, pressure
25
tax/o
arrangement, order, coordination
26
-plegia
paralysis
27
-asthenia
weakness
28
aphasia
inability to speak
29
ataxia
lack of coordination
30
catatonia
condition characterized by reduced muscle tone
31
delirium
brief loss of mental function
32
dementia
loss/decline in mental function
33
dyskinesia
difficulty moving
34
dyslexia
difficulty reading
35
dysphasia
difficulty speaking
36
dystonia
condition characterized by involuntary muscle movements
37
insomnia
inability to sleep
38
myoclonus
muscle twitching
39
myospasm
involuntary muscle contraction
40
neurasthenia
nerve weakness
41
somnambulism
sleep walking
42
syncope
fainting; losing consciousness due to temporary loss of blood flow to brain
43
cephalalgia
head pain
44
cephalodynia
head pain
45
encephalalgia
brain pain
46
neuralgia
nerve pain
47
neurodynia
nerve pain
48
hemiparesis
partial paralysis on half the body
49
hemiplegia
paralysis on half the body
50
monoparesis
partial paralysis of one limb
51
monoplegia
paralysis of one limb
52
paralysis
complete loss of sensation and motor function
53
paresis
partial paralysis characterized by varying degrees of sensation and motor function
54
causalgia
painful sensation of burning
55
dysesthesia
bad feeling
56
hyperesthesia
increased sensation
57
paresthesia
abnormal sensation (usually numbness or tingling in the skin)
58
pseudesthesia
false sensation
59
synesthesia
condition where one condition is experienced as another
60
acrophobia
fear of heights
61
agoraphobia
fear of outdoor spaces
62
hydrophobia
fear of water
63
kleptomania
desire to steal
64
photophobia
excessive sensitivity to light
65
pyromania
desire to set fire
66
echoencephalography
procedure used to examine the brain using sound waves
67
electroencephalography (EEG)
procedure used to examine the electrical activity of the brain
68
lumbar puncture (LP)
inserting a needle into the lumbar region of the spine in order to collect spinal fluid
69
cerebral angiography
procedure used to examine blood vessels in the brain
70
magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)
procedure used to examine blood vessels
71
myelogram
image of the spinal cord, usually done using x-ray
72
positron emission tomography (PET) scan
an imaging procedure that uses radiation (positrons) to produce cross sections of the brain
73
transcanial Doppler sonography
an imaging technique that produces an image of the brain using sound waves sent through the skull
74
cerebellitis
inflammation of the cerebellum
75
cerebral atrophy
wasting away of brain tissue
76
duritis
inflammation of the dura
77
encephalocele
hernia of the brain (normally through a defect in the skull)
78
hematoma
a tumorlike mass made up of blood
79
cranial hematoma
a hematoma beneath the skull
80
epidural hematoma
a hematoma located on top of the dura
81
intracerebral hematoma
a hematoma located inside the brain
82
subdural hematoma
a hematoma located beneath the dura
83
macrocephaly
abnormally large head
84
microcephaly
abnormally small head
85
meningocele
a hernia of the meninges
86
myelocele
a hernia of the spinal cord
87
myelomalacia
abnormal softening of the spinal cord
88
myelomeningocele
a hernia of the spinal cord and meninges
89
neuritis
nerve inflammation
90
neuroma
a nerve tumor
91
neurosclerosis
hardening of nerves
92
polyneuritis
inflammation of multiple nerves
93
agnosia
inability to comprehend
94
apathy
lack of emotion
95
hyperkinesia
increase in muscle movement or activity
96
neurasthenia
nerve weakness
97
neuroglycopenia
deficiency of sugar that interferes with normal brain activity
98
nystagmus
involuntary back and forth eye movements
99
prosopagnosia
inability to recognize faces
100
anesthesiologist
doctor who specializes in anesthesiology
101
afferent nerve
a nerve that carries impulses toward the central nervous system
102
efferent nerve
a nerve that carries impulses away from the central nervous system
103
neurogenic
originating from/created by nerves
104
psychiatrist
doctor who specializes in the treatment of the mind
105
psychiatry
branch of medicine that focuses on the treatment of the mind
106
psychogenic
originating in/created by the mind
107
psychologist
doctor who specializes in the study of the mind
108
psychology
branch of medicine that focuses on the study of the mind
109
psychosomatic
pertaining to the relationship between the body and the mind
110
idiopathic
having no known cause or origin
111
interictal
time between seizures
112
postictal
time after a seizure
113
preictal
time before a seizure
114
tonic
pertaining to muscle tone (normally weak or unresponsive)
115
clonus
muscle spasm or twitching
116
tonic-clonic seizure
a seizure characterized by both a tonic and a clonic phase
117
cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
an accident involving the blood vessels of the brain
118
stroke
loss of brain function caused by interruption of blood flow/supply to the brain
119
hemorrhagic stroke
a stroke where the blood loss is caused by the rupture of a blood vessels
120
ischemic stroke
a stroke where the blood loss is caused by a blockage
121
transient ischemic attack (TIA)
a "mini-stroke" caused by the blockage of a blood vessel, which resolves (goes away) within 24 hours
122
cerebrovascular disease
a disease of the blood vessels of the brain
123
cerebral aneurysm
the widening or abnormal dilation of a blood vessel in the brain
124
cerebral arteriosclerosis
the hardening of an artery in the brain
125
cerebral atherosclerosis
the hardening of an artery in the brain caused by the buildup of fatty plaque
126
cerebral embolism
the blockage of a blood vessel in the brain caused by a foreign object (embolus) such as fat or bacteria
127
cerebral thrombosis
the blockage of a blood vessel in the brain caused by a blood clot
128
craniomalacia
abnormal softening of the skull
129
carniosclerosis
abnormal hardening of the skull
130
carniostenosis
abnormal narrowing of the skull
131
carniosynostosis
premature fusing of the skull bones
132
hydrocephaly
abnormal accumulation of spinal fluid in the brain
133
astrocytoma
a tumor arising from astrocute glial cells
134
ganglioma
ganglion tumor
135
glioblastoma
a brain tumor arising from glioblast cells
136
meningioma
tumor of the meninges
137
cerebellitis
inflammation of the cerebellum
138
cerebromeningitis
inflammation of the brain and meninges
139
encephalitis
inflammation of the brain
140
encephalomyelitis
inflammation of the brain and spinal cord
141
encephalomyeloneuropathy
disease of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves
142
encephalopathy
disease of the brain
143
encephalopyosis
a pus-filled abscess in the brain
144
ganglitis
inflammation of a ganglion
145
intracerebral hemorrhage
excessive bleeding inside the brain
146
meningopathy
disease of the meninges
147
meningitis
inflammation of the meninges
148
meningoencephalitis
inflammation of the meninges and brain
149
myelitis
inflammation of the spinal cord
150
myelodysplasia
defective formation of the spinal cord
151
myelopathy
disease of the spinal cord
152
neuroarthropathy
disease of the joint associated with nerves
153
neuroencephalomyelopathy
disease of the nerves, brain, and spinal cord
154
neuropathy
disease of the nervous system
155
poliomyelitis
inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord
156
polyneuropathy
disease affecting multiple nerves
157
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
a degenerative disease of the central nervous system causing loss of muscle control
158
anorexia
an eating disorder characterized by the patient's restricting food or refusing to eat
159
autism
a psychiatric disorder characterized by difficulties in social communication and interaction, as well as repetitive and/or restrictive patterns of behavior or interests
160
bulimia
an eating disorder characterized by overeating and usually followed by forced purging or getting rid of food
161
cerebral palsy
paralysis caused by damage to the area of the brain responsible for movement
162
dysphoria
a negative emotional state
163
epilepsy
a disease marked by seizures
164
euphoria
a positive emotional state
165
hypomania
a mental state just below mania
166
manic depression (bipolar disorder)
a psychiatric disorder characterized by alternating bouts of excitement and depression
167
myasthenia
muscle weakness
168
narcolepsy
a disease characterized by sudden, uncontrolled sleepiness
169
psychopathy
a mental illness
170
schizophrenia
a mental illness characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and disordered speech
171
neurosis
a nerve condition
172
psychosis
a mind condition
173
anesthetic
a drug that causes loss of sensation
174
general anesthetic
anesthetic that causes complete loss of consciousness
175
local anesthetic
anesthetic that does not affect consciousness
176
regional anesthetic
anesthetic that is injected into a nerve causing loss of sensation over a particular area
177
topical anesthetic
local anesthesia applied to the surface of the area to be anesthetized
178
epidural anesthetic
anesthetic applied in the dural region of the spinal cord
179
analgesic
a drug that relieves pain
180
anticonvulsant
a drug that opposes convulsions
181
antidepressent
a drug that opposes depression
182
antipsychotic
a drug that opposes psychoses
183
anxiolytic
a drug that lessens anxiety
184
hypnotic
a drug that aids sleep
185
neuropharmacology
the study of the effects of drugs on the nervous system
186
psychopharmacology
the study of the effects of drugs on mental processes
187
psychotropic
drugs that are able to turn the mind
188
thrombolytic
a drug that dissolves clots
189
cerebrotomy
incision into the brain
190
chemotherapy
treatment using chemicals
191
cranioectomy
removal of a piece of the skull
192
craniotomy
incision into the skull
193
endarterectomy
removal of the inside of an artery
194
endovascular neurosurgery
surgery on the nervous system performed by entering the body through blood vessels
195
lobectomy
removal of a lobe
196
lobotomy
incision into a lobe
197
neurectomy
removal of a nerve
198
neurolysis
destruction of nerve tissue
199
neuroplasty
reconstruction of a nerve
200
neurorrhaphy
suturing of a nerve
201
neurotomy
incision into a nerve
202
ADHD
attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
203
ALS
amyotrophic lateral schlerosis
204
CNS
central nervous system
205
CP
cerebral palsy
206
CSF
cerebrospinal fluid
207
CVA
cerebrovascular accident
208
EEG
electroencephalogram
209
EMG
electromyogram
210
ICP
intracranial pressure
211
LOC
level of consciousness
212
LP
lumbar puncture
213
MRA
magnetic resonance angiography
214
MS
multiple sclerosis
215
OCD
obssessive compulsive disorder
216
PET
positron emission tomography
217
PNS
peripheral nervous system
218
TIA
transient ischemic attack
