Chapter 12 Flashcards
(280 cards)
1
Q
glomerul/o
A
glomerulus
2
Q
nephr/o
A
kidney
3
Q
ren/o
A
kidney
4
Q
pyel/o
A
renal pelvis
5
Q
ur/o
A
urine
6
Q
urin/o
A
urine
7
Q
lith/o
A
stone
8
Q
cyst/o
A
bladder
9
Q
vesic/o
A
bladder
10
Q
urethr/o
A
urethra
11
Q
meat/o
A
opening
12
Q
testicul/o
A
testicle
13
Q
prostat/o
A
prostate
14
Q
sperm/o
A
sperm
15
Q
spermat/o
A
sperm
16
Q
sperm/i
A
sperm
17
Q
balan/o
A
penis
18
Q
epididym/o
A
epididymis
19
Q
orch/o
A
testicle
20
Q
orchi/o
A
testicle
21
Q
orchid/o
A
testicle
22
Q
test/o
A
testicle
23
Q
testicul/o
A
testicle
24
Q
prostat/o
A
prostate
25
sperm/o
sperm
26
spermat/o
sperm
27
sperm/i
sperm
28
anuria
lack of urination
29
cystalgia
pain in the bladder
30
cystodynia
pain in the bladder
31
cystoplegia
bladder paralysis
32
dysuria
painful urination
33
enuresis
involuntary urination
34
hematuria
bloody urination
35
incontinence
inability to control urination
36
nephralgia
pain in the kidney
37
nocturia
nighttime urination
38
nocturnal enuresis
nighttime involuntary urination
39
oliguria
low urine output
40
polydipsia
excessive thirst
41
polyuria
excessive urination
42
pyuria
pus in the urine
43
ureteralgia
pain in the ureter
44
urethrodynia
pain in the urethra
45
urethrorrhea
discharge from the urethra
46
urocyanosis
blue urine
47
urodynia
painful urination
48
balanorrhea
discharge from the penis
49
orchialgia
testicle pain
50
orchidoptosis
downward displacement of a testicle
51
orchiodynia
testicle pain
52
priapism
persistent and painful erection
53
albuminuria
protein in the urine
54
azotemia
excess nitrogen in the blood
55
azotorrhea
excessive discharge of nitrogen
56
azoturia
excess nitrogen in the urine
57
cystorrhexis
rupture of the bladder
58
dipsogenic
creating thirst
59
glucosuria
sugar in the urine
60
glycosuria
sugar in the urine
61
hyperkalemia
excessive potassium in the blood
62
hyponatremia
low sodium in the blood
63
ketolysis
breakdown of ketones
64
ketonuria
presence of ketones in the urine
65
meatal stenosis
narrowing of the opening of the urethra
66
nephroptosis
downward displacement of a kidney
67
nephrosis
kidney condition
68
uremia
urine in the blood
69
ureterocele
hernia of a ureter
70
ureterolithiasis
presence of stones in a ureter
71
ureterostenosis
narrowing of a ureter
72
urethrospasm
involuntary contraction of the urethra
73
urethrostenosis
narrowing of the urethra
74
cystoscopy
process for examining the bladder
75
meatoscope
instrument for examining the opening of the urethra
76
meatoscopy
process of examining the opening of the urethra
77
nephroscopy
procedure for examining a kidney
78
resectoscope
instrument for examining and cutting (usually the prostate)
79
ureteroscopy
process of examining a ureter
80
urethroscope
instrument for examining the urethra
81
urethroscopy
process of examining the urethra
82
urinalysis (UA)
analysis of the urine to determine the presence of abnormal elements
83
blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
nitrogen in the blood in the form of urea; it is the product of the breakdown of amino acids for energy
84
diuresis
excessive urination
85
nephrologist
specialist in the kidneys
86
nephrology
study of the kidneys
87
urologist
specialist in the urinary tract
88
urology
study of the urinary tract
89
uropoiesis
formation of urine
90
uroxanthin
substance in urine that makes it yellow
91
voiding
another term for urination
92
anorchidism
lack of a testicle
93
aspermia
condition characterized by lack of sperm
94
azoospermia
condition characterized by lack of living sperm
95
cryptorchidism
hidden testicle
96
hydrocele
fluid-filled mass in a testicle
97
hypospadias
birth defect in which the opening of the urethra is on the underside, instead of the end, of the penis
98
oligospermia
condition characterized by low sperm production
99
phimosis
contraction of the foreskin of the penis, preventing it from being retracted
100
prostatolith
stone in the prostate
101
prostatomegaly
abnormal enlargement of the prostate
102
prostatorrhea
discharge from the prostate
103
seminoma
type of testicular cancer arising from sperm-forming tissue
104
spermatocele
hernia or distention of the epididymis caused by sperm cells
105
spermatolysis
destruction of sperm cells
106
digital rectal exam (DRE)
examination of the prostate using a finger inserted into the rectum
107
ejaculation
emission of semen from the urethra
108
gonads
pair of organs used sexual reproduction; in males, they are the testicles, and in females, they are the ovaries
109
spermatogenesis
creation of sperm
110
vas deferens
vessel carrying sperm from the testicles
111
cystogram
image of the bladder
112
cystography
process for recording/imaging the bladder
113
nephrogram
image of a kidney
114
nephrography
procedure for imaging a kidney
115
nephrosonography
procedure for imaging a kidney using sound waves
116
pyelogram
image of the renal pelvis
117
renal angiogram
image of a kidney blood vessel
118
renal angiography
process of imaging a kidney blood vessel
119
renal arteriogram
image of a kidney artery
120
retrograde pyelogram
image of the renal pelvis produced by injecting a contrast dye from the bladder to the kidney
121
ultrasonography
imaging procedure using high-frequency sound waves
122
voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)
imaging procedure of the bladder and urethra produced during urination
123
transrectal ultrasonography
procedure using a probe inserted into the rectum using high-frequency sound waves to scan through the rectum to nearby tissue (most commonly, the prostate)
124
urethrogram
image of the urethra
125
cystitis
inflammation of the bladder
126
cystocele
hernia of the bladder
127
cystolith
stone in the bladder
128
cystoptosis
downward displacement of the bladder
129
cystospasm
involuntary contraction of the bladder
130
cystoureteritis
inflammation of the bladder and ureter
131
cystourethrocele
hernia of the bladder and urethra
132
glomerulonephritis
inflammation of the kidneys involving primarily the glomeruli
133
glomerulopathy
disease of the kidney involving primarily the glomeruli
134
glomerulosclerosis
hardening of the glomeruli
135
hydronephrosis
kidney condition caused by the obstruction of urine flow
136
lithonephritis
inflammation of the kidneys caused by stones
137
nephritis
inflammation of the kidney
138
nephrocele
hernia of a kidney
139
nephrohypertrophy
overdevelopment of the kidney
140
nephrolithiasis
presence of stones in the kidney
141
nephromalacia
abnormal softening of a kidney
142
nephromegaly
abnormal enlargement of a kidney
143
nephropathy
any kidney disease
144
nephroptosis
downward displacement of a kidney
145
nephrosclerosis
abnormal hardening of a kidney
146
polycystic kidney disease (PKD)
disease characterized by the formation of many fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys
147
pyelitis
inflammation of the renal pelvis
148
pyelocystitis
inflammation of the renal pelvis and bladder
149
pyelocystostomosis
creation of an opening between the renal pelvis and bladder
150
pyelonephritis
inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis
151
pyelopathy
disease of the renal pelvis
152
pyeloureterectasia
dilation of the renal pelvis and ureter
153
pyonephritis
inflammation of the kidney caused by pus
154
pyonephrolithiasis
presence of pus and stones in the kidney
155
pyopyelectasis
pus in a dilated renal pelvis
156
renal failure
kidney failure
157
renal ischemia
deficiency of blood in a kidney
158
stress urinary incontinence (SUI)
loss of bladder control caused by the application of external pressure
159
ureteritis
inflammation of a ureter
160
ureteropyelitis
inflammation of a ureter and renal pelvis
161
ureteropyelonephritis
inflammation of a kidney, renal pelvis, and ureter
162
urethritis
inflammation of the urethra
163
urethrocystitis
inflammation of the urethra and bladder
164
urinary tract infection (UTI)
infection of the urinary tract
165
uropathy
disease of the urinary tract
166
vesicocele
hernia of the bladder
167
vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)
abnormal flow of urine from the bladder back into the ureters
168
balanitis
inflammation of the penis
169
benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH)
noncancerous overdevelopment of the prostate, also known as enlarged prostate
170
benign prostate hypertrophy
another term for benign prostate hyperplasia
171
epididymitis
inflammation of the epididymis
172
epididymo-orchitis
inflammation of the testicles and epididymis
173
orchiditis
inflammation of the testicles
174
orchiepididymitis
inflammation of the testicles and epididymis
175
orchiopathy
disease of the testicles
176
orchitis
inflammation of the testicles
177
prostatitis
inflammation of the prostate
178
prostatocystitis
inflammation of the prostate and bladder
179
prostatovesiculitis
inflammation of the prostate and seminal vesicles
180
testitis
inflammation of a testicle
181
varicocele
overexpansion of the blood vessels of the testicles, leading to a soft tumor
182
cystoma
tumor of the bladder
183
hypernephroma
another name for renal cell carcinoma
184
nephroma
kidney tumor
185
cystoma
tumor of the bladder
186
hypernephroma
another name for renal cell carcinoma
187
nephroma
kidney tumor
188
renal cell carcinoma
cancer of the kidneys
189
seminoma
type of testicular cancer arising from sperm-forming tissue
190
testicular carcinoma
testicular cancer
191
chlamydia
sexually transmitted disease characterized by genital discharge and painful urination, caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis
192
gonorrhea
a sexually transmitted disease characterized by discharge from the gonads, caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae
193
herpes simplex virus (HSV)
a family of highly contagious viruses that affect mucous membranes and produce watery blisters that eventually scab over
194
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
a disease that compromises a patient's immune system leaving them open to other opportunistic infections. The late stage of this disease is referred to as AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome)
195
human papilloma virus (HPV)
a virus that can cause warts and precancerous lesions in genital areas
196
syphilis
a sexually transmitted disease characterized at first by skin irritations then later developing into neurological and heart symptoms, caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum
197
trichomoniasis
a sexually transmitted disease characterized by genital itching, painful urination, and genital discharge, caused by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis
198
antispasmodic
drug used to prevent spasms
199
diuretic
agent that causes urination
200
spermicide
agent that kills sperm
201
spermolytic
agent that kills sperm
202
nephrotoxin
agent poisonous to the kidney
203
cystectomy
surgial removal of the bladder
204
cystolithectomy
surgical removal of a stone in the bladder
205
cystostomy
creation of an opening in the bladder
206
extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)
breakdown of kidney stones using sound waves generated outside the body
207
fulguration
use of electric current to destroy tissue
208
heminephrectomy
surgical removal of half a kidney
209
hemine phroureterectomy
surgical removal of half a kidney and a ureter
210
hemodialysis
procedure for removing waste from the bloodstream
211
intracorporeal lithotripsy
breakdown of kidney stones using a device placed inside the body
212
kidney dialysis
procedure for removing waste from the blood (a shorter name for hemodialysis)
213
laparonephrectomy
surgical removal of a kidney through the abdomen
214
lithectomy
surgical removal of a stone
215
lithocystotomy
incision into the bladder to remove a stone
216
lithonephrotomy
incision into a kidney to remove a stone
217
lithotripsy
breakdown of a stone
218
meatoplasty
surgical reconstruction of the opening of the urethra
219
meatorrhaphy
suture of the opening of the urethra
220
meatotomy
incision into the opening of the urethra
221
nephrectomy
surgical removal of a kidney through the abdomen
222
nephrocystanastomosis
opening of a passageway between a kidney and the bladder
223
nephrolithotomy
incision into a kidney to remove a stone
224
nephropexy
surgical fixation of a kidney
225
nephrorrhaphy
suture of a kidney
226
nephrostomy
creation of an opening in a kidney
227
nephrotomy
incision into a kidney
228
nephroureterectomy
surgical removal of a kidney and ureter
229
pyelolithotomy
incision into a renal pelvis to remove a stone
230
pyeloplasty
surgical reconstruction of a renal pelvis
231
pyelotomy
incision into a renal pelvis
232
pyelostomy
creation of an opening in a renal pelvis
233
renal angioplasty
surgical reconstruction of a kidney blood vessel
234
ureteroileostomy
creation of an opening between a ureter and the ileum (a portion of the small intestine)
235
ureteronephrectomy
surgical removal of a kidney and ureter
236
ureteroplasty
surgical reconstruction of a ureter
237
ureterorrhaphy
suture of a ureter
238
urethrectomy
surgical removal of the urethra
239
urethropexy
surgical fixation of the urethra
240
urethroplasty
surgical reconstruction of the urethra
241
urethrotomy
incision into the urethra
242
urinary catheterization
insertion of a catheter into the bladder to drain urine
243
urostomy
creation of an opening in the urinary tract, normally to divert urine flow away from a diseased bladder
244
vesicostomy
creation of an opening in the bladder
245
vesicotomy
incision into the bladder
246
balanoplasty
surgical reconstruction of the penis
247
circumcision
surgical removal of the foreskin of the penis
248
epididymectomy
surgical removal of the epididymis
249
epididymotomy
incision into the epididymis
250
hydrocelectomy
surgical removal of a hydrocele
251
orchidectomy
surgical removal of a testicle
252
orchidopexy
surgical fixation of a testicle
253
orchidotomy
incision into a testicle
254
orchiectomy
surgical removal of a testicle
255
orchiopexy
surgical fixation of a testicle
256
orchioplasty
surgical reconstruction of a testicle
257
prostatectomy
surgical removal of the prostate
258
prostatolithotomy
incision into the prostate to remove a stone
259
prostatovesiculectomy
surgical removal of the prostate and seminal vesicles
260
transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)
procedure of removing all or part of the prostate by the insertion of the resectoscope into the urethra
261
vasectomy
surgical removal of the vas deferens
262
vasovasostomy
creation of an opening between two vessels; this is the technical term for a vasectomy reversal
263
vesiculectomy
surgical removal of the seminal vesicles
264
BUN
blood area nitrogen
265
Bx
biopsy
266
cath
catheter
267
ESWL
extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
268
HD
hemodialysis
269
I&O
intake and output
270
IVP
intravenous pyelogram
271
IVU
intravenous urogram
272
KUB
kidneys, ureters, bladder
273
OAB
overactive bladder
274
PKD
polycystic kidney disease
275
RP
retrogram pyelogram
276
SUI
stress urinary incontinence
277
UA
urinalysis
278
UTI
urinary tract infection
279
VCUG
voiding cystourethrogram
280
VUR
vesicoureteral reflux
