Chapter 5

Question 1

a globulin manufactured by plasma cells in response to contact with a foreign antigen

Answer 1

antibody

Question 2

a lymphocyte that differentiates into plasma cells and is associated with humoral immunity

Answer 2

b lymphocyte

Question 3

lymphocytes capable of destroying foreign or abnormal cells, although they have not had any prior antigenic contact with cells

Answer 3

natural killer cells

Question 4

a method of inducing a diminished response to allergens by inducing the formation of specific IgG and IgA antibodies

Answer 4

desensitization

Question 5

a soluble substance liberated by lymphocytes

Answer 5

lymphokine

Question 6

an antibody protein

Answer 6

immunoglobulin

Question 7

a substance that competes with or replaces another substance (metabolite) required for cell growth or multiplication

Answer 7

antimetabolite

Question 8

a severe generalized IgEmediated hypersensitivity reaction characterized by marked respiratory distress and fall in blood pressure

Answer 8

anaphylaxis

Question 9

an abnormally small number of leukocytes in the peripheral blood

Answer 9

leukopenia

Question 10

a state of abnormal reactivity to a foreign material

Answer 10

hypersensitivity

Question 11

having a genetic predisposition to certain allergic conditions such as hay fever or asthma

Answer 11

atopic

Question 12

an abbreviation for a natural killer cells

Answer 12

NK cells

Question 13

immunity associated with population of sensitized lymphocytes

Answer 13

cell mediated immunity

Question 14

immunity associated with formation of antibodies produced by plasma cells

Answer 14

humoral immunity

Question 15

resistance to disease

Answer 15

immunity

Question 16

a type of lymphocyte associated with cell mediated immunity

Answer 16

T lymphocyte

Question 17

an anemia caused by increased blood destruction

Answer 17

hemolytic anemia

Question 18

an antibody formed against one’s own cells or tissue components

Answer 18

autoantibody

Question 19

cytotoxic delayed hypersensitivity T cells that protect the body by attacking and destroying body cells infected with bacteria or viruses

Answer 19

effector T cells

Question 20

a tendency to form specific IgE antibody to antigens that do not affect most persons

Answer 20

allergy

Question 21

genes on chromosome 6 that control the immune response to specific antigens

Answer 21

immune response genes

Question 22

a disease associated with formation of cell-mediated or humoral immunity against the subject’s own cells or tissue components

Answer 22

autoimmune disease

Question 23

a substance capable of inducing an allergic reaction in a predisposed individual

Answer 23

allergen

Question 24

a hypersensitivity reaction resembling anaphylaxis but not caused by IgE antibodies

Answer 24

anaphylactoid reaction

Question 25

a general term for any protein secreted by cells that functions as an intercellular messenger and influences cells of the immune system. Cytokines are secreted by macrophages and monocytes (monokines), lyphocytes (lymphokines) and other cells

Answer 25

cytokine

Question 26

a broad-spectrum antiviral agent manufactured by various cells in the body

Answer 26

interferon

Question 27

a lymphokine that stimulates growth of lymphocytes

Answer 27

interleukin-2

Question 28

an immunologic process characterized by destruction of a transplanted organ

Answer 28

rejection

Question 29

producing cell necrosis or destruction

Answer 29

cytotoxic

Question 30

a cytokine that can destroy foreign or abnormal cells

Answer 30

tumor necrosis factor