Chapter 5 Flashcards
(21 cards)
arbitrary
symbols used to represent things that are not intrinsically connected to those things
ambiguous
language that does not have precise, concrete meaning
abstract
words are not concrete or tangible items; they are only representations
hierarchical
language that is structured according to more or less, higher or lower
single-word approach
meaning is derived from individual words used in a strategic way
metaphor
comparison that who how two things are alike in an important way despite being quite different in most ways
simile
comparisons between two objects that allow each object in the comparison to retain its unique differences
ideograph
ill-defined, politically powerful term to phrase can push people into action
word-cluster approach
convey through complex structures such as stories
arguments from the past
appropriating historical events, facts, or people to justify present or future actions
myth
rhetorical construction that tries to explain natural events or cultural phenomena to justify actions or beliefs
narrative paradigm
humans are storytelling beings by nature
narrative coherence
degree to which stories make sense in the world
narrative fidelity
degree which stories match our beliefs and experiences
repetition
repeating with the same phrasing patter or phrase to maximize audience’s ability to receive info
alliteration
repeating same consonant or vowel sound at beginning of subsequent words
parallelism
similarly structuring related word, phrases, or clauses
antithesis
two ideas that sharply contrast with each other and juxtaposed in parallel grammatical structure
profanity
coarse and irreverent language
hate speech
rude and crude speech to attach or demean a particular social or ethnic group with intent of inciting action against that group
dehumanization
making people seem less than human in order to more easily motivate action against them.
