Chapter 5

Question 0

Skin consists of two layers

Answer 0

Epidermis and dermis

Question 1

The integumentary system is composed of

Answer 1

Skin
Hair
Nails
Glands

Question 2

The epidermis is composed of what tissue

Answer 2

Epithelial tissue

Question 3

Tissue that makes up dermis

Answer 3

Connective tissue

Question 4

Hypodermis

Answer 4

Subcutaneous tissue deep to the skin (not part of skin)

Question 5

Hypodermis consists mostly of

Answer 5

Adipose tissue with blood vessels and nerves

Question 6

Hypodermic acts as a

Answer 6

Shock absorber and insulater

Question 7

Epidermis

Answer 7

Keratinized stratified squarmos epithelium with 4-5 layers

Question 8

Epidermis 4 cell types

Answer 8

Keratinocytes
Melanocytes
Langerhans cells
Merkel cells

Question 9

Keratinocytes

Answer 9

Main cell type in epidermis

Produce protein keratin

Question 10

Melanocytes

Answer 10

Produce pigment melanin in epidermis

Question 11

Langerhans cells

Answer 11

Active immune system (digests old and bad stuff) in epidermis

Question 12

Merkel cell

Answer 12

Fine touch receptors in epidermis

Question 13

Five epidermal layers from deep to superficial

Answer 13

Stratum basale
Stratum spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum corneun

Question 14

Startum basale

Answer 14

Single row of stem cells that are mitotically active to replace sloughed off cells

Question 15

Stratum basale sits on…

Answer 15

Basement membrane and is attached to dermis

Question 16

How many days does it take for a cell to reach the surface

Answer 16

25-45 days

Question 17

Stratum spinosum

Answer 17

Several layers of keratinocytes united by desmosomes

Accumulation of melanin granules

Question 18

Melanin granules

Answer 18

Protects from UV damage

Question 19

Stratum granulosum

Answer 19

Thin 4-6 layers, keratinization begins; makes epidermis water proof, all layers of cells above are dead

Question 20

Stratum lucidum

Answer 20

only in thick skin, few rows of flat dead keratinocytes

Question 21

Stratum corneum

Answer 21

Contains 20-30 rows of dead keratinocytes cells, protects from water loss

Question 22

Apoptosis

Answer 22

Controlled cellular suicide

Question 23

Dermis

Answer 23

Under epidermis, strong, contains blood vessels, nerve fibers

Question 24

Cells of dermis

Answer 24

Fibroblast, macrophages,

Question 25

Two layers of the dermis

Answer 25

Papillary layer and reticular layer

Question 26

Papillary layer

Answer 26

Thin layer of loose connective tissue with collegen and elastic fibers and blood cells, forms dermal papillae

Question 27

Reticular layer

Answer 27

80% of dermis, dense irregular connective tissue with elastic and collegen fibers

Question 28

Dermal papillae

Answer 28

Contain capillary loops, fine touch receptors, free nerve endings, in thick skin form epidermal ridges

Question 29

3 pigments that contribute to skin color

Answer 29

MelNin, carotene, and hemoglobin

Question 30

Blue skin color

Answer 30

Low oxygen - cyanosis

Question 31

Red skin color

Answer 31

Fever, hypertension, inflammation, allergy - erythrema

Question 32

White skin color

Answer 32

Anemia, low bp, fear, anger - pallor

Question 33

Yellow skin color

Answer 33

Liver disorder - jaundice

Question 34

Black and blue marks on skin

Answer 34

Clotted blood beneath skin - bruises

Question 35

Appendages of the skin

Answer 35

Hair, nails, and cutaneous glands

Question 36

Hair

Answer 36

Produced by hair follicles and consist of dead keratinized cells

Question 37

Three main regions of the hair

Answer 37

Shaft, root, bulb

Question 38

Hair follicle

Answer 38

Epidermal tissue sheath that folds down from epidermis into dermiS

Question 39

Hair Papilla

Answer 39

Dermal tissue that supplies blood for cell growing in the bulb region

Question 40

Arrector pili muscle

Answer 40

Smooth muscle attached to hair follicle , causes goose bumps

Question 41

Nails

Answer 41

Composed of dead keratinized cells

Question 42

Nail matrix

Answer 42

Responsible for nail growth

Question 43

2 categories of cutaneous nails

Answer 43

Sweat and sebaceous glands

Question 44

4 types of sweat glands

Answer 44

Eccrine, apocrine, ceremonious, mammary glands

Question 45

Eccrine sweat glands

Answer 45

Most (especially in palms)

Question 46

Apocrine sweat glands

Answer 46

Ducts open into hair follicle, body odor, begin functioning at puberty

Question 47

Cerumineous sweat gland

Answer 47

In ear, secrete cerumen (ear max)

Question 48

Mammary glands

Answer 48

In breast tissue, secrete milk

Question 49

Sebaceous (oil) glands

Answer 49

Most secrete into hair follicle, secretes sebum (oil)

Question 50

Six principle functions of the integumentary system

Answer 50

Protection, body temperature, sensation, metabolic functions, blood reservoir, excretion

Question 51

Three types of skin cancer

Answer 51

Basal cell carcinoma, squarmos cell carcinoma, melanoma

Question 52

Burns

Answer 52

First second and third degree

Question 53

First degree burn

Answer 53

Epidermal damage only, redness, swelling, pain

Question 54

Second degree burn

Answer 54

Epidermal and upper dermal damaged, blisters

Question 55

Third degree burn

Answer 55

Entire thickness of skin, no pain

Question 56

Immediate threats from burns

Answer 56

Dehydration, electro light imbalance

Question 57

Rule of nines

Answer 57

Estimate the volume of fluid loss in a burn victim

Question 58

Rule of nines: head and neck

Answer 58

9%

Question 59

Rule of nines: right upper limb

Answer 59

9%

Question 60

Rule of nines: left upper limb

Answer 60

9%

Question 61

Rule of nines: anterior trunk

Answer 61

18%

Question 62

Rule of nines: Posterior trunk

Answer 62

18%

Question 63

Rule of nines: right lower limb

Answer 63

18%

Question 64

Rule of nines: left lower limb

Answer 64

18%

Question 65

Perineum (pubic area)

Answer 65

1%