chapter 5 Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is afterload?
The force the ventricles must overcome to eject blood. Things that effect it are pressure in the exit vessel and physical characteristics of blood.
What is ambulatory?
Pertaining to or capable of walking. Ambulatory EKG.
What is an angiography?
X-ray study of blood vessels or lymphatics by injection of a dye substance that shows up on an X-ray.
What is arthralgia?
Pain in the joints.
What are ascites?
Excessive fluid in the abdominal cavity.
What is atherothrombosis?
clot formation on top of a volnurable plaque in atherosclerosis.
What do beta receptors do?
they stimulate the heart both in intropy and chronotropy.
what is the path of blood through the heart?
right atrium–> tricuspid valve –> right ventricle–> pulmonary semilunar valve–> pulmonary trunk and artery–> lungs–> pulmonary veins–> left atrium–> bicuspid valve–> left ventricle–> aortic semilunar valve–> aorta–> body–> superior vena cava –> right atrium
What does the bundle of His do?
carries impulses from the AV node down to the bundle branches.
What is a cardiac catheterization?
a hollow tube is inserted into the femoral vein or artery and threaded up to the heart. pressure in the chambers can be measured and the heart can be bioseid, angiography of the coronary artery can be performed and coronary arteries can be repaired.
What are the cardiac enzymes?
troponin I, troponin T, creatine kinase-MB, lactate dehydrogenase, and myoglobin.
What is Chagas disease?
a tropical infectious disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi.
What is a coarctation?
narrowing of the lumen of a blood vessel.
What are cackles?
sounds heard with a stethoscope in the lungs associated with fluid overload.
What is diastolic heart failure?
impaired ventricular relaxation leading to inadequate filling.
what is the ductus arteriosis
a vessel that allows blood to pass from the pulmonary artery directly into the aorta bypassing the lungs.
What is dyslipidemia?
unusual plasma lipid levels.
what is dysphagia?
difficulty swallowing.
what is endocarditis?
infection of the endocardium ( the innermost lining of the heart) and heart valves.
what does the endocardium consist of?
simple squamous epithelium.
what is erythema marginatum?
skin rash associated with ARF that leaves red bands on the skin after the generalized redness clears.
what is fibrosis?
deposits of excessive fibrous connective tissue.
what is the foramen ovale?
an opening in the wall of the atria that allows blood to pass directly into the left atrium from the right. after birth it becomes the fossa ovalis.
what is hypovolemia?
decreased blood volume
