Chapter 5 A (Musculoskeletal System)

Question 1

Acetabulum

Answer 1

Cup-shaped depression in the hip bone into which the top of the femur fits

Question 2

acromion

Answer 2

part of the scapula that connects to the clavicle

Question 3

amphiarthrosis

Answer 3

Cartilaginous joint having some movement at the union of two bones

Question 4

atlas

Answer 4

first cervical vertebra

Question 5

axis

Answer 5

second cervical vertebra

Question 6

bone phagocyte

Answer 6

bone cell that ingests dead bone and bone debris

Question 7

bursa

Answer 7

sac lined with a synovial membrane that fills the spaces between tendons and joints

Question 8

cancellous bone

Answer 8

spongy bone with a latticelike structure

Question 9

cartilaginous disk

Answer 9

thick, circular mass of cartilage between the vertebrae of the spinal column

Question 10

cervical vertebrae

Answer 10

7 vertebrae of the spinal column located in the neck

Question 11

clavicle

Answer 11

curved bone of the shoulder that joins to the scapula; collar bone

Question 12

coccyx

Answer 12

small bone consisting of 4 fused vertebrae at the end of the spinal column; tailbone

Question 13

compact bone

Answer 13

hard bone with tightly woven structure

Question 14

condyle

Answer 14

rounded surface at the end of a bone

Question 15

diaphysis

Answer 15

long middle section of a long bone; shaft

Question 16

diarthroses

Answer 16

Free movable joints

Question 17

dorsal vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae

Answer 17

12 vertebrae of the chest area

Question 18

endosteum

Answer 18

lining of the medullary cavity

Question 19

epiphyseal plate

Answer 19

cartilaginous tissue that is replaced during growth years, but eventually calcifies and disappears when growth stops

Question 20

ethmoid bone

Answer 20

sinuses on both sides of the nasal cavities between each eye and the sphenoid sinus

Question 21

fossa

Answer 21

depression as in the bone

Question 22

humerus

Answer 22

long bone of the arm connecting to the scapula on top and the radius and ulna at the bottom

Question 23

ilium

Answer 23

wide portion of the hip bone

Question 24

irregular bones

Answer 24

any of a group of bones with a special shape to fit into certain areas of the skeleton, such as the skull

Question 25

sichium

Answer 25

one of the three fused

Question 26

ischium

Answer 26

one of the three fused bones that form the pelvic girdle

Question 27

lacrimal bone

Answer 27

thin flat bone of the face

Question 28

lamina

Answer 28

thin, flat part of either side of the arch of a vertebra

Question 29

lumbar vertebrae

Answer 29

five vertebrae of the lower back

Question 30

malleolus

Answer 30

rounded protrusion of the tibia or fibula on either side of the ankle

Question 31

marrow

Answer 31

connective tissue filling the medullary cavity, often rich in nutrients

Question 32

Mastoid process

Answer 32

protrusion of the temporal bone that sits behind the ear

Question 33

maxillary bone

Answer 33

bone of the upper jaw

Question 34

maxillary sinus

Answer 34

sinus on either side of the nasal cavity below eyes

Question 35

medullary cavity

Answer 35

soft center cavity in bone that often holds marrow

Question 36

metaphysis

Answer 36

section of a long bone between the epiphysis and diaphysis

Question 37

neural canal

Answer 37

space through which the spinal cord passes

Question 38

nucleus pulposus

Answer 38

fibrous mass in the center portion of the intervertebral disk

Question 39

olecranon

Answer 39

curved end of the ulna to which tendons of the arm muscles attach; bony prominence of the elbow

Question 40

osseous tissue

Answer 40

connective tissue into which calcium salts are deposited

Question 41

ossification

Answer 41

hardening into bone

Question 42

osteoblast

Answer 42

cell that forms bone

Question 43

osteoclast

Answer 43

large cell that reabsorbs and removes osseous tissue

Question 44

osteocyte

Answer 44

bone cell

Question 45

palatine bone

Answer 45

bone that helps for the hard palate and nasal cavity

Question 46

periosteum

Answer 46

fibrous membrane covering the surface of bone

Question 47

pubes

Answer 47

anteroinferior portion of the hip bone

Question 48

sacrum

Answer 48

Next to last spinal vertebra made up of 5 fused bones; vertebra that forms part of the pelvis

Question 49

scapula

Answer 49

large flat bone that forms the shoulder blade

Question 50

sella turcica

Answer 50

bony depression in the sphenoid bone where the pituitary gland is located

Question 51

sesamoid bone

Answer 51

bone formed in a tendon over a joint (ie the patella)

Question 52

sphenoid bone

Answer 52

bone that forms the base of the skull

Question 53

sphenoid sinus

Answer 53

sinus above and behind the nose

Question 54

spinous process

Answer 54

protrusion from the center of the vertebral arch

Question 55

spongy bone

Answer 55

bone with an open latticework filled with connective tissue or marrow

Question 56

sternum

Answer 56

long, flat bone that forms the midline of the anterior of the thorax

Question 57

styloid process

Answer 57

peg-shaped protrusion from a bone

Question 58

sulcus

Answer 58

groove or furrow in the surface of bone

Question 59

suture

Answer 59

joining of two bone parts with a fibrous membrane

Question 60

symphysis

Answer 60

type of cartilaginous joint uniting two bones

Question 61

synarthrosis

Answer 61

fibrous joint with no movement

Question 62

synovial membrane

Answer 62

connective tissue lining the cavity of joints and producing the synovial fluid

Question 63

tarsus, tarsal bones

Answer 63

seven bones of the instep

Question 64

thoracic vertebrae

Answer 64

12 vertebrae of the chest area

Question 65

thorax

Answer 65

part of the trunk between the neck and the abdomen; chest

Question 66

transverse process

Answer 66

protrusion on either side of the vertebral arch

Question 67

trochanter

Answer 67

bony protrusion at the upper end of the femur

Question 68

true ribs

Answer 68

seven upper ribs of the chest that attach to the sternum

Question 69

tubercle

Answer 69

slight bony elevation to which a ligament or muscle may be attached

Question 70

tuberosity

Answer 70

large elevation in the surface of a bone

Question 71

vomer

Answer 71

flat bone forming the nasal septum

Question 72

zygomatic bone

Answer 72

bone that forms the cheek