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Medical Terminology > Chapter 6 D (Pathology) > Flashcards

Chapter 6 D (Pathology) Flashcards

(65 cards)

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1
Q

Aneurysm

A

Ballooning of the artery wall caused by weakness of the wall

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2
Q

Angina pectoris

A

chest pain, usually caused by a lowered oxygen or blood supply to the heart

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3
Q

aortic regurgitation

A

backward flow or leakage of blood through a faulty aortic valve

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4
Q

aortic stenosis

A

narrowing of the aorta

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5
Q

asystole

A

cardiac arrest

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6
Q

atheroma

A

fatty deposit (plaque) in the wall of an artery

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7
Q

atrial fibrillation

A

An irregular usually rapid heartbeat caused by over-stimulation of the AV Node

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8
Q

Atrioventricular block

A

heart block; partial or complete blockage of the electrical impulses from the atrioventricular node to the ventricles

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9
Q

bruit

A

sound or murmur, especially an abnormal heart sound heard on auscultation, especially of the carotid artery

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10
Q

cardiac tamponade

A

compression of the heart caused by fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac

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11
Q

Cardiomyopathy

A

disease of the heart muscle

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12
Q

Claudication

A

Limping caused by inadequate blood supply during activity; usually subsides during rest

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13
Q

Coarctation of the aorta

A

Abnormal narrowing of the aorta

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14
Q

Congestive heart failure

A

Inability of the heart to pump enough blood out during the cardiac cycle; collection of fluid in the lungs results

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15
Q

Coronary artery disease

A

Condition that reduces the flow of blood and nutrients through the arteries of the heart

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16
Q

deep vein thrombosis

A

Formation of a thrombus (clot) in a deep vein, such as a femoral brain

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17
Q

embolus

A

mass of foreign material blocking a vessel

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18
Q

endocarditis

A

Inflammation of the endocardium, especially an inflammation caused by a becterial or fungal agent

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19
Q

essential hypertension

A

high blood pressure without a known cuase

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20
Q

fibrillation

A

random, chaotic, irregular heart rhythm

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21
Q

flutter

A

regular but very rapid heartbeat

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22
Q

gallop

A

Triple sound of a heartbeat, usually indicative of serious heart disease

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23
Q

hemorrhoids

A

varicose condition of veins in the anal region

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24
Q

hypertension

A

Chronic condition with blood pressure greater than 140/90

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25
infarct
area of necrosis caused by a sudden drop in the supply of arterial or venous blood
26
infarction
sudden drop in the supply of arterial or venous blood, often due to an embolus or thrombus
27
Intermittent claudication
Attacks of limping, particularly in the legs due to ischemia of the muscles
28
Intracardiac tumor
A tumor within one of the heart chambers
29
ischemia
localized blood insufficiency caused by an obstruction
30
mitral insufficiency or reflux
Backward flow of blood due to a damaged mitral valve
31
Mitral stenosis
Abnormal narrowing at the opening of the mitral valve
32
mitral valve prolapse
Backward flow of blood into the left atrium due to protrusion of one or both mitral cusps into the left atrium during contractions
33
Murmur
Soft heart humming sound heard between normal beats
34
Myocardial infarction
sudden drop in the supply of blood to an area of the heart muscle, usually due to a blockage in a coronary artery
35
Myocarditis
Inflammation of the myocardium
36
Necrosis
Death of tissue or an organ or part due to irreversible damage; usually a result of oxygen deprivation
37
Occlusion
The closing of a blood vessel
38
Palpitations
Uncomfortable pulsations of the heart felt as a thumping in the chest
39
Patent ductus arteriosus
A condition at birth in which the ductus arteriosus, a small duct between the aorta and the pulmonary artery, remains open
40
Perfusion deficit
Lack of flow through a blood vessel, usually caused by an occlusion
41
Pericarditis
inflammation of the pericardium
42
Peripheral vascular disease
Vascular disease in the lower extremities, usually due to blockages in the arteries of the groin or legs
43
Petechia
Minute hemorrhages in the skin
44
Phlebitis
Inflammation of a vein
45
Plaque
Buildup of solid material, such asa fatty deposit, on the lining of an artery
46
Premature atrial contractions (PACs)
Atrial contractions that occur before the normal impulse; can be the cause of palpitations
47
Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs)
Vetnricular contractions that occur before the normal impulse; can be the cause of palpitations
48
Pulmonary artery stenosis
Narrowing of the pulmonary artery, preventing the lungs from receiving enough blood from the heart to oxygenate
49
Pulmonary edema
Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the lungs
50
Raynaud's phenomenon
Spasm in the arteries of the fingers causing numbness or pain
51
rheumatic heart disease
heart valve and or muscle damage caused by an untreated sterptococcal infection
52
Risk factor
Any of various factors considered to increase the probability that a disease will occur; for example, high blood pressure and smoking are considered risk factors of heart disease
53
Rub
frictional sound heard between heartbeats, usually indicating a pericardial murmur
54
secondary hypertentions
hypertension having a known cause, such as kidney disease
55
Septal defect
Congenital abnormality consisting of an opening in the septum between the atria or ventricles
56
Stenosis
Narrowing, particularly of blood vessels or of the cardiac valves
57
tetralogy of Fallot
Set of four congenital heart abnormalities appearing together that cause deoxygenated blood to enter the systemic circulation; ventricular septal defect, pulmonary stenosis, incorrect position of the aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy
58
thrombophlebitis
inflammation of a vein with a thrombus
59
thromboiss
presence of a thrombus in a blood vessel
60
thrombotic occlusion
Narrowing caused by a thrombus
61
THrombus
stationary blood clot in the cardiovascular system, usually formed from matter found in blood
62
Tricuspid stenosis
Abnormal narrowing of the opening of the tricuspid valve
63
Valvulitis
Inflammation of a heart valve
64
Varicose vein
Dilated, enlarged, or twisted vein, usually on the leg
65
Vegetation
Clot on a heart valve or opening, usually caused by infection

Medical Terminology (50 decks)

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