Chapter 5 - Introduction to Epithelial Tissue

Question 1

Which cell types are defined morphologically?

Answer 1

Epithelial Tissue Connective Tissue

Question 2

Which cell types are defined functionally?

Answer 2

Muscle Tissue Nerve Tissue

Question 3

What are the subclasses or muscle tissue?

Answer 3

Sritated and Smooth They are differentiated by their ability to contract

Question 4

What is myoepithelium?

Answer 4

Functions as a muscle tissue but designated epithelium due to location

Question 5

What are the four basic tissue types?

Answer 5

1. Epithelium 2. Connective tissue 3. Muscle tissue 4. Nerve tissue

Question 6

Classify the organization and extracellular matrix ratio for each basic tissue type

Answer 6

1. Epithelium: tightly packed, organized, low EM 2. CT: random organization, high EM 3. Muscle: highly organized, low EM (??) 4. Nerve: high EM, low organization (??)

Question 7

What are the 3 general locations of epithelial tissue? What are some more specific locations?

Answer 7

1. Free surfaces of body exterior 2. Outer surface of internal organs 3. Lining of body cavities, tubes, and ducts
2. Glands 2. Sensory Receptors

Question 8

What are the 3 major groups of connective tissue?

Answer 8

1. Embyonic (mesenchyme) 2. CT proper (loose and dense) 3. Specialized (blood, bone, cartiliage, adipose)

Question 9

How are cells in muscle tissue arranged?

Answer 9

Distinct bundles, elongated cells along specific axis so they can contract and relax together

Question 10

What are the 3 main types of muscle tissue?

Answer 10

1. Smooth 2. Skeletal 3. Cardiac

Question 11

What are 3 important aspects of neuron anatomy?

Answer 11

1. Cell body 2. Axon 3. Dendrites

Question 12

Which tissue sample is healthy? Which tissue sample is unhealthy?

Answer 12

The tissue on the left is unhealthy because the white space is indicitive of ademia.

The tissue on the right is healthy becasue it was a epithelium with mucus and then connective tussue with muslce underneath.

Question 13

What cell type is this?

Answer 13

Epithelium

Question 14

What cell type is this?

Answer 14

Connective Tissue

Question 15

What cell type is this?

Answer 15

Muscle Tissue

Question 16

What cell type is this?

Answer 16

Nerve Tissue

Question 17

What tissue will always be adjacent to epithelial tissue? Why?

Answer 17

Epithelial tissue is avascular so epithelial tissue is always connencted to connective tissue which is highly vascular

Question 18

What are the 3 principal characteristics of epithelial tissue?

Answer 18

1. Cell Junctions
2. Defined Cell Polarity
3. Basement Membrane

Question 19

What is an epithelioid? Where are they found?

Answer 19

A specialized epithelial tissue that doens’t have a free surface as a mature cell. So, it meets the criteria for a epithelium young, but as it matures it loses the lumen.

They are found monstly in endocrine glands

Question 20

What are the 3 factors to consider when classifying/naming epithelium

Answer 20

1. Cell layers: simple or stratified
2. Cell shape: squamous, cuboidal, columnar
3. Apical modifications: keritinized, ciliated

Question 21

Endothelium - location and classification of epithelium

Answer 21

Lining of the blood and lymphatic vessles

Simple squamous

Question 22

Mesothelium - location and classification of epithelium

Answer 22

Lining of the walls and closed cavities of the body (abdominal, pericardial, pleural cavities)

Simple squamous

Question 23

Endocardium - location and classification of epithelium

Answer 23

lining of ventricles and artria of the heart

simple squamous

Question 24

What is the general function for simple or pseudostratified epithelial tissue?

Answer 24

Secretion and absorbtion

Question 25

What is the general function of simple squamous?

Answer 25

High transepithelial transport Less cytoplasm to travel through the better ex) blood vessels for gas transfer

Question 26

What is the general function for stratified epithelium?

Answer 26

Wear and tear regions - if the top layer gets destroyed then the lower layers can replace them Low trans epithelial transport (impermeability)

Question 27

What are the 4 typical location of the simple squamous epithelium?

Answer 27

1. Endothelium - exhange and barreir in the CNS 2. Mesotheliun - exchange and lubrication 3. Bowmans capsual - barrier 4. Respiratory spcaes - exchange

Question 28

What are the 3 typical locations for simple cuboidal epithelium?

Answer 28

1. Small duct of exocrine flands - absorption, conduit 2. Ovary (germinal epithelium) - barrier 3. Kidney tubules - apsobtion of water and secreation of Na and electrolytes

Question 29

What are the 3 typical locations for simple columnar epithelium?

Answer 29

1. Small intestine and colon - absorption and secretion 2. Stomach lining and gastric glands - secretion 3. Gallbladder - absorption (makes liver bile more potent by removing 90% of the water) (almost exclusivley simple columnar in intestine)

Question 30

What is pseudostratified epithelium?

Answer 30

It looks statified, but it is actually simple. Not all cells reach the apical layer so the nucli are not in a uniform line. All the cells are connected to the basement membrane which makes it simple.

Question 31

What are 3 typical locations for pseudostatified epithelium?

Answer 31

1. Trachea and bronchial tree - secration, conduit 2. Ductus deferens - secretion, conduit 3. Epididymis - absorption, conduit (conduit = for channeling water)

Question 32

What are 3 typical locations for statified squamous?

Answer 32

1. Epidermis - barrier and protection 2. Oral cavity and esophagus - barrier and protection 3. Vagina - barrier and protection In places of wear/tear/stretch

Question 33

What are 2 typical locations for stratified cuboidal? How many layers are there?

Answer 33

1. Sweat glands - barrier and conduit 2. large ducts of exocrine glands - barrier and conduit only 2 layers, this type of epithelium is very rare

Question 34

What is one typical location for stratified columnar? How many layers are there?

Answer 34

Largest ducts of exocrine glands - barrier and condiut ex) mammary glands during lactation Only 2 layers - this type of epithelium is very rare

Question 35

Transitional epithelium (urothelium) definiton and purpose

Answer 35

Term applied ot epithelium lining the lower urinary tract. Dome and larger shape of outer layer allows for stetching without tearing and going back to place (think about your bladder)

Question 36

Name

Answer 36

Simple Squamous

Question 37

Name

Answer 37

Simple cuboidal

Question 38

Name

Answer 38

Simple columnar

Question 39

Name

Answer 39

Psudostratified ciliated columnar

Question 40

Name

Answer 40

Statified Squamous

Question 41

Name

Answer 41

Statified Cuboidal

Question 42

Name

Answer 42

Statified Columnar

Question 43

Name

Answer 43

Transitional Epithelium