Chapter 53

Question 1

Density

Answer 1

of individuals/ area of region

Question 2

Dispersion

Answer 2

A pattern of the density and spacing throughout the population

Question 3

Population Size Equation

Answer 3

N= (mn)/x
N- population size
m- first trapping
n- second trapping
x- number of second trapping that is marked

Question 4

Immigration/ Emigration

Answer 4

Immigration- Increase of population density

Emmigration- Decrease of population density

Question 5

Different Dispersion

Answer 5

Clumped- Organisms grouped in one place abundant resources/ increased mating opportunities
Uniform- Result from the direct interactions between individuals, antagonistic social interactions ex. territoriality
Random- Independent of other individuals, absence of strong attraction or repulsion, key physical/chemical factors are homogenous

Question 6

Demographers

Answer 6

Scientists that look at the study of birth rates and death rates and how they very among individuals

Question 7

Cohort

Answer 7

A group of individuals of the same age

Question 8

Life History

Answer 8

Traits that affect the organisms schedule of reproduction and survival from birth to death
Age at which reproduction begins, how often organisms reproduces, how many offspring are produced each reproduction

Question 9

Semelparity/Iteroparity

Answer 9

When organisms have a large number of children at one time before they die/ When organisms reproduce multiple times
Differences emerged from the survival rate of offspring and the likelihood the adult will reproduce again

Question 10

Offspring Care

Answer 10

The larger the amount of offspring care that the adult provide, the lower their survival rate will be

Question 11

Conditions that lead to exponential population growth

Answer 11

Unlimited food and resources/ populations free to reproduce at their physiological capacity

Question 12

Carrying Capacity

Answer 12

The maximum population size that a particular environment can sustain.

Question 13

Limiting Resources that influence carrying capacity

Answer 13

Energy, Refuge from predators, water, shelter, nutrient availability, suitable nesting sites

Question 14

K-selection

Answer 14

The selection for life-history traits that are sensitive to population density

Question 15

R-Selection

Answer 15

Selection for life history traits that maximize reproductive success in low density population

Question 16

Density Independent Regulation

Answer 16

When birth rates or death rates do not change with population density

Question 17

Density Dependent Regulation

Answer 17

When A birth Rate or death rate changes with population density

Question 18

Negative Feedback Regulation

Answer 18

Competition for resources, Territoriality, Disease, Predation, Toxic Wastes- accumulation of these wastes can lead to poisoning of organisms, Intrinsic factors- physical factors that limit the population for reproduction

Question 19

Metapopulation

Answer 19

Group of local populations are linked together through emmigration and immigration