Chapter 8

Question 1

Metabolism

Answer 1

All of the chemical reactions an organism has. All the interactions between molecules within the orderly environment

Question 2

Catabolic

Answer 2

Requires enzymes to catalyze reactions, releases energy, break down molecules, in cellular respiration

Question 3

Anabolic

Answer 3

Consume energy, build larger molecule,uphill reaction, in photosynthesis

Question 4

Kinetic Energy

Answer 4

associated with the movement of a molecule

Question 5

Potential Energy

Answer 5

Gets energy from its location

Question 6

Free Energy

Answer 6

The portion of a systems energy that can do work when the temperature and pressure remains constant, Delta G
Energy Released- G is negative
Energy Absorbed- G is positive

Question 7

Exergonic

Answer 7

Reaction that releases energy, Delta G is negative

Question 8

Endergonic

Answer 8

Reaction that absorbs energy, Delta G is positive

Question 9

3 Kinds of Work

Answer 9

Chemical Work- Pushes endergonic reactions(syntesis of polymers)
Transport Work- Pushes different substances across membranes against spontaneity
Mechanical Work- Beating of the cilia, contraction of muscle cells, movement of Chromosomes

Question 10

ATP

Answer 10

Adenosine Triphosphate

Ribose + Adenine Three phosphate groups

Question 11

Energy Reactions

Answer 11

ATP -> ADP + P
Hydrolysis
Delta G= 7.3 kcal/mol
Exergonic

Question 12

Catalyst

Answer 12

chemical agent that speeds up a reaction without being consumed by the reaction

Question 13

Activation Energy

Answer 13

Energy it takes to start a reaction

Question 14

Induced Fit

Answer 14

This is the changing of the enzyme so it shapes itself to fit the substrate binding to it

Question 15

4 Ways Enzymes Lower Activation Energy

Answer 15

1. Acting as a template for substrate orientation
2. Stressing Substrate and stabilizing the transition state
3. Providing favorable microenvironment
4. Paticipating in the catalytic reaction

Question 16

Cofactors

Answer 16

Non-protein helpers for catalytic activity

Question 17

Coenzyme

Answer 17

Cofactors that are organic

Question 18

Competitive Inhibitors

Answer 18

Blocks off substrate from binding to the enzyme

Question 19

Non- Competitive Inhibitors

Answer 19

the shape of the enzyme prevents the substrates for binding

Question 20

Allosteric Regulation

Answer 20

Any case where a protein functions in one site and is affected by a regulatory molecule to a separate site. Could result in inhibition or stimulation

Question 21

Allosteric Activator

Answer 21

Stabilizes enzyme’s active form

Stabilizes enzymes inactive form